...Humanism, the printing press and the Renaissance art change Europe in many ways. The printing press encouraged people to get the Bible in their language and read about God. Humanism encouraged people to want freedom of religion, and the Renaissance art changed the way people viewed art. Everything caused a new problem. The printing press was a way to copy books. They translated the bible and copied them into everyday languages. This made people want to learn more about god. Now anyone could get a bible in their own language and read about god and his history. This also encouraged people to learn how to read and maybe write their own books. Humanism opened people’s eyes to make their own decisions. They then wanted freedom of religion. Humanism...
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...to be “Dare to Know!” That being said, one can describe The Enlightenment as series of philosophical, cultural, and social movements in thought, which occurred during the late 17th century to through the 18th century. (Gay, 1966). The Enlightenment changed Europe and made Europe more modern through emphasis of knowledge and questioning the way that society was structured. The changes are seen through the debate surrounding religion, shifts in societal thinking, and the ideas of Philosophes. The Enlightenment changed a lot about Europe to make it more modern. One way that Europe developed during this time was, many people started to view religion in a different light. Specifically, this change and view was seen with Christianity, people started to question whether Christianity should control how society believes the world should function. From this, theists and deists emerged, theists did not want to outright get rid of Christianity but rather remove the irrational portions of the religion;...
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...Early Modern Europe – Major Forces for Change There are a lot of events that shaped the history of early Europe. Our ancestors had a lot on their plate when they discovered new lands and fought new diseases. One of the early forces that had a major impact were the crusades. The Crusades were a bunch of religious wars that were called on by the Pope and the Catholic Church in order to defend Christianity against the Muslims and get closer to the holy cities and other places in ancient Palestine. So what exactly does “crusade” mean? The word comes from an old French word “crois”, which means cross (if you haven’t guessed it). The crusaders (men who take vows to fight for Christianity) were not usually under a single banner, they all attached a cross to their clothes, but joining a crusade was usually voluntarily (depending where you were from). The Lords would get a notice that the Pope has called a crusade, and if they didn’t have any local problems of their own, they would go and fight the Byzantines. But the King of a country was still the same old mean guy, and if a lord or a noble died while fighting in the crusades, his land was possessed by the king, and other nobles were so righteous that they sold off their lands in order to buy weapons and armor to fight in the crusades. Not everything was so grim, the crusaders were facing a superior force and they had to adapt, they learned for example how to use a compass or how to build better ships. And while warring with other...
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...the Berlin Wall in 1989 was undoubtably the most important event in Europe that signified the end of USSR's autocratic control of Eastern Europe, and certainly marked the climax of revolutionary changes in Eastern Europe. Resistance to the Soviet Government's reign over its Eastern-European satellite states had increased dramatically after Gorbachev's transition into power and the end of the Cold War, until the 'coup de grace' which was the fall of the Wall signified what was to be the end of the USSR's communist control over Eastern Europe. Events across Eastern Europe, such as the formation of Solidarity in Poland, the dismantling of the Iron Curtain and mass demonstrations across Eastern Europe had all lead up to the final and most significant event of resistance in Europe: the fall of the Berlin Wall. After the end of the Cold War, the USSR along with its satellite states was going down a negative spiral: its resources were drained by the arms race with the USA and by the USSR's involvement in the war in Afghanistan, agricultural production and public services were poor and the people were consequently demoralized. These flaws in the USSR had parallel effects to its satellite states in Eastern Europe. The people in the USSR and Eastern Europe were increasingly frustrated and critical of the communist government in place. This frustration sparked the rising resistance to the communist control in Eastern Europe. The resistance in the Eastern Bloc had started early in the Cold...
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...Analyze the continuities and changes over time in the cultural climate of Western Europe between 600 CE and 1600 CE. While I Analyzed the cultural climate of Western Europe between 600 CE and 1600 CE, I noticed many continuities and changes. For example, there was the continuity of religion being Christianity and how it stays the same. I also noticed changes including cultural and economic. Some examples of these changes can include new inventions and being opened up due to events happening during this time period. Through the time periods of 600 CE and 1600 CE in Western Europe, one of the many continuities that happened includes religion. During this time Western Europe used Christianity as the central religion and it was used for the majority...
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...During the 16th Century the renaissance and the reformation both had a major impact on Europe, this was due to the liberties and new ideas that produced changes in the society. Source 1 concentrates more on the effect the renaissance had whereas Source 2 concentrate more on the reformation and its effects. These however are not the only factors that contributed the ‘new age’ which was being formed, for example other key turning points would be international relations in regards to commerce as well as overseas exploration. In Source 1 it states that there was a ‘regeneration of cultural values’ this helps to support that the renaissance did have a massive effect in Europe as it was down to those values mentioned in Source 1. It highlights that there was a mass movement in cultural ideas throughout Europe at the time as many people’s view on society and cultural was changing. The infusion of new ideas had the biggest effect on the people in the middle class as out of everyone they cared the most about what others thought of them and whether or not they were doing the ‘right’ thing for that time period. Examples of the new ideas presented where shown through architecture, art and fashion. The change is backed up by Source 1 further as Morris expresses the ideas of the rebirth of ‘standards that had lain dormant since the fall of Rome’ this implies that the so called ‘new’ ideologies that are being formed aren’t so new, that in fact they are the thoughts expressed during the Roman...
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...epidemics have challenged the human population for millennia. The Columbian Exchange, or the trading of disease, food, crops, and ideas between Europe and the Americas beginning in 1492, brought many changes to the societies, politics, and cultures involved. The Columbian Exchange is a two way exchange, commonly posed as a beneficial event to both parties. The Europeans gained trade goods such as silver, cotton, carvassa, and sugar and the Americas were introduced to new food sources, animals, and Christianity. Although the Columbian Exchange may have been beneficial, many negative effects were created that caused an abundance of change to Europe and the Americas. While the Americas faced devastation owing to the exchange, Europe...
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...1450-1650 European Exploration and Conquest took a big part in expanding kingdoms and empires in Europe. Today's Americas became a source that allowed new materials to be brought over to Europe that shaped culture and the life of the Europeans. Many things like The Columbian Exchange caused a significant change whereas religion had somewhat remained the same when brought to the new land. While those may believe not much had changed in Europe when Exploration and Conquest rose, there is proof of this era's effect on Europe still existent today and all over the world. The Columbian Exchange, the birth of Global Economy, religion, racism and the slave trade are all things that represent continuity and change in Europe during this...
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...Tadreca Hill March 29, 2013 Europe Midterm 2 Exam Cultural and Political Movement Cultural and Political Movement The effects of World War I left Europe in a total destruction. World War I brought trauma to the countries in Europe with the effects of total war. Nations, and different cultures within nations, responded in different ways to the collective trauma of war and its outcome (Kramer 278). Many countries began to have new political movements to deal post war trauma in their cultural. These political movement were put in place to keep another war from outbreaking. There were movement of fascism, nationalism, socialism, and communist party. In Europe the first world war brought on a time where Europe would not be the dominant country as they once were. They would try to regain their status, but in order to do that, they would need a political movement. In Europe socialist movement as a whole, large numbers of former internationalists became patriots overnight when war was declared (Fitzpatrick 37). The socialist movement would not last. Germany was the country which hurt the most. After the signing of the treaty versaille, Germany was left with not much to grow from. The post war brought on new prograndgan for a new government. Posters of various parties, socialist, communist, liberal, Catholic, conservative, fascist, a panoply of images reflecting the diversity and chaos of Weimar politics (Weitz 46). In 1919 the DAP or German Workers Party came to the scene...
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...form Ford Europe, to give a strong regional identification. Over the following two decades Ford Europe performed well and in the 1980’s, its profitability helped sustain losses being sustained in the US market. After this Ford Europe began to struggle from 1992-2000 where losses had accumulated to $2.6 milliard. (Donnelly& Morris, 2003) In 1992, Ford Europe had been "slaughtered" by recent wild currency fluctuations that had torpedoed consumer demand in key markets such as Britain, Spain and Italy. The strength of Germany's mark had made Ford's products, even more expensive in those countries. (New York Times, 1992) Furthermore, by the mid -1990s, the European car market was in a state of virtual saturation with an annual growth rate of only 2 percent. Matters were made worse by heavy competition from both the Japanese imports as well as from vehicles produced in Japanese transplant factories within Europe as they focused on niche and hybrid models. Ford’s own specific difficulties were deep rooted and could be traced back to poor model development, excess capacity, failure in recognizing new market segments and inefficient cost control. As such recovery was slow and it was not until the late 1990s that Ford was again able to reach and surpass the level it had first hit 10 years previously. (Donnelly& Morris, 2003) [pic] 2. FORD 2000 These triggers of change brought about...
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...In the time, 1492 to 1750, many key events that shaped the world today took place. Including, the exploration of trade routes to Asia from Europe, the rise of capitalism and mercantilism, demographic recovery from the Bubonic Plague, but the most important event was the Columbian Exchange. The demographic and environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange, between 1492 to 1750, on the Americas are similar to that of Europe, in terms of introduction of crops and the movement of native people, yet they differ when discussing the change in the population. A similarity between the environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange between Europe and the Americas, was the introduction of new crops and livestock. The new crops came from both Europe...
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...Before Europe became successful, they took a downfall in their population due to the bubonic plague “the black death”. The black death was a disease that decreased many countries population because it was killing over half of each country's population all across Afro-Eurasia. The spread of this disease was fast due to the climate changes, one known as “Little Ice Age”, that possibly was the reason why it weakened the population and left them vulnerable to the disease (textbook pg 385). During this time, Europe had harsh winters and rainy summers which made it impossible to supply the amount of food needed to feed the people. “The Rise of the West” was basically inevitable because during this time there were so many changes that Europe made...
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...Evolution of Modern State in Europe Introduction A break was marked in 1989 in the history of Europe. That year stands for the revolutions, breaking up of empires along with the re-ordering of the influence spheres. However, these changes happened in the established framework of the balance between the sovereign independent state and the power. However, 1989 has been unique, along with brining dramatic changes such as the re-ordering of alliances and the revolutions; it resulted in the change in the State system of Europe (Cooper, n.d.). Historically, the proper point of comparison is the year 1648 when after thirty years of war a system of modern European state was emerged in Westphalia. The same type of break point was marked in Europe in 1989. Moreover, it has resulted in not just the re-arrangement of the previous system but the formation of a new system. It is based on new forms of statehood in which the states are behaving differently as compared to the past. Furthermore, alliances, interference with the domestic affairs of one another along with the acceptance of the international court’s jurisdiction has highlighted that the present states are less absolute in terms of their independence and sovereignty (Cooper, n.d.). Furthermore, the first and second world war along with the Cold War resulted in devastation in Europe without any form of historical precedent. Moreover, it also froze Europe for almost forty years which allowed new systems and new ideas to emerge...
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...Renaissance Comparison Essay Candyce Kettler Hum/205 Jill Hunt August 29, 2010 We top Italian society's rebirth from the medieval period with the changes that occurred during the Italian Renaissance. Civilization was changing and what we consider the modern world was about to begin. The renaissance doings that happened in Europe outside of Italy is called the Northern European Renaissance. Italy's humanist ideas and values moved out of Italy and throughout Europe, which spurred on the Northern European Renaissance. The Renaissance period began in the early 14th Century and lasted until the late 16th Century. “Renaissance” comes from the French word that means “rebirth.” This time period is named and studied because of its unique art, literature, and music. It is also known as society's modern age. Early in the 14th Century, Italian scholars started to study the ancient cultures that preceded them, like those of Greece and the Roman Empire. This scholarly interest would lead to the Italian Renaissance. Italy and Europe was ready for change after the harrowing destruction of the Black Plague in the Middle Ages. Florence, Italy, was the home of the start of the Renaissance. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, culture, politics, and the arts had only been in decline. Petrarch advocated learning about Italy's Latin and Roman history. The Pope and the royalty liked this idea, so other scholars begun to study in the same vein. These scholars valued the accomplishments...
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...1 A “real” European Union World order is going to change in the near future. This year 2012 will be remembered as the year the European Union become a reality. There are three big events occurring this year that are promoting a larger economic, political and social unity inside the EU. A united Europe is a project that has taken a long time to create and that had overcome many difficulties. All the indefinitions in the EU in the past have created many problems in the present, but now they work as a pressure mechanism to conclude the project and correct those indefinitions. If this goal of a united Europe is reached, the consequences will be tremendous because the EU will become the largest economy of the world, and it will have enough power to change the world in different ways. The development of the essay will follow a chronological perspective. First are going to be analyzed the problems in Europe before the EU and show the developments as a clue to develop new theories of what can happen in the future. This future is going to be a consequence of the events happening this year and it will be the second point of analysis. The third one will be the theory of the future creation of a real European Union after this year events. Finally, the consequences and importance in the future of the EU created due to the events of this year. Past In a diachronic perspective, the European Union was something difficult to think as a reality when the project was being born, but the overcome...
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