...Football in America by Jeannie Ray SPM/210 - SOCIO-CULTURAL ELMNTS OF SPORT: PLAYING WELL W/OTHERS DR DION DALY August 6, 2011 Football In America American football has a long legacy in American History. It can be traced back centuries to early European cutures, influenced through the years by multiple people, changed the rules and has become a National phenomenon for Americans. American football is over 100 years old and still going strong. It has inspired songs, movies and motivated individuals to great heights in their careers and lives. American football originated with its earlier form of play that derived from a variation of the sport Rugby in 1892. There are mentions of Native Americans playing ball games but, modern American football originates in traditional ball games played at villages and schools in Europe dating many centuries before America was settled by Europeans. Reports of early settlers at Jamestown, Virginia playing games with inflated balls in the early 17th century have been noted in history also. American football is the result of several major divergences from its earlier form of rugby. The introduction of the line of scrimmage and down-and- distance are among the first major changes of the game Rugby to its conversion to American football by Walter Camp. Walter Camp is considered as the father of football. The changes that he incorporated into collegiate football became dominant in the United...
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...Topic: My essay will discuss the extent to which commercialization has entered into children’s culture, the particular concerns associated with this process, how valid such concerns are and whether this is an issue to be seriously addressed and rectified. The example of Disney will be used as a model to examine the influence of commercialization on children’s culture. Disney who for over 70 years and through generations has infiltrated the world of children, has simultaneously over time marketed itself into permanent existence in the daily lives of young children in America and globally. Within contemporary society the topic of commercialization and children is of high interest questioning whether the subtle and not so subtle insertions of “Disnification” are exploitive feeding on the vulnerability of children with the intention of creating children as future consumers. Thesis: Commercialization of children’s culture is becoming a global issue and in order to make any decisions about whether it should be dismissed as positive or negative is difficult to state unless you take into account various inside and outside factors at play. Understanding the forces playing on this issue such as popular culture is to understand the trends and direction in which society is generally moving. Recognizing too that such processes like commercialization cannot operate in isolation and separate from many parts of society is to identify that indeed popular culture provides the perfect venue...
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...Hip-hop culture developed during the seventies. Throughout its formation, the various elements were at some time or another, deemed unacceptable. Graffiti artists faced jail sentences, break dancing became illegal in some areas, and rap music has been severely criticized for various reasons. These elements were never analyzed in an oppositional manner until recently, however. Hip-hop culture represented the claiming of urban communities by the residents. Writers decorated the empty walls of their communities in an attempt to personalize their surroundings. They also painted trains, which traveled to other communities, and in this sense they developed a living and moving art form. Break dancing claimed space simply because it utilized community space for the performance of a culture specific dance form. Finally, DJing and MCing claimed public space because the main stage for performance was often local parks where they would throw parties for the community. ?The power was supplied by the city unknowingly as community members discovered ways in which they could tap into the city's power boxes at no expense to themselves? (Shomari, 45). Therefore, the development of hip-hop culture was inherently oppositional. Rap music now viewed as an area for political debate by many, did not begin with this in mind. Rap music was developed by DJs, who used two of the same records and looped the break beats of the record, which then allowed the beat to be extended infinitely. They also used...
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...Since the 1990s, Zambia has experienced drastic political, social and economic changes, these changes have proliferated in the media industry more especially radio broadcasting. The need for community radio stations in Zambia has risen over the past few years this is because radio is still the dominant mass-medium in Zambia and Globally. It has the widest geographical reach and the highest audiences as compared to television, newspapers and other information and communication technologies. Radio seems to have proven itself as a developmental tool, particularly with the rise of community and local radios. Therefore, its from this background that this article…. A community radio station is a type of community mass media. The different types of mass media in Zambia can be classified under print, broadcast and electronic media. A community radio station is defined as a non-profit distributing which is designed to serve specific communities of location and interest, thereby providing programming that is relevant to the community, and with management structures that represent the community the station serves. (Lewis and Jones, 2006). It is operated in the community, for the community, about the community and by the community. It is said to be a sound broadcasting station that serves a specific section of society known as a community. The ownership and management of a community radio station is representative of the community that persues a social development agenda and which is non-profit...
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...Sample Homework: Bank of America Case Assignment: 1. What are the core business processes[1] (high level; major business and financial services) performed at Bank of America as part of its product and service offerings? |Core Bank of America Business Process: |Activities within the Core Process | |people management |recruiting | | |performance management | | |staff development | | |payroll | | |benefits administration | |financial management |general ledger | | |accounts payable | | |accounts receivable ...
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...The Development of Commercial Space Law MG261 Business Law II John S. Leonard Park University Abstract The commercialization of space progressed at a very slow and easily managed pace for the first four decades after humanity’s emergence into space. Now with the increased interests in space by private sector entities the factor of control has been altered to a point that must be addressed. The radical shift from government based exploration to private sector exploration and development of space based technologies can be attributed to the change in policies by the most influential nations that operate within outer space. The promotion of private industry by the United States of America since the political party lead by President Obama took charge of the government has opened the door for funding and ease of accessibility into outer space. With the potential for profit high, the number of private entities to develop space exploration and exploitation technologies will continue to grow and with this increase comes a need to overview to current space law in order to ensure that it is being implemented accordingly or if it needs to be restructured. The Development of Commercial Space Law Law is defined as, “the principles and regulations established in a community by some authority and applicable to its people, whether in the form of legislation or of custom and policies recognized and enforced by judicial decision” (Law). The laws that are...
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...Theodore Geisel published ‘The Grinch Who Stole Christmas in 1957 (Illinois, 2013). In the 50’s, North America was starting to buy in (literally) to the commercialization of Christmas. The event of reverence and celebration that it had been for over a thousand years was descending into a money-making ploy by the corporations of the world. In fact, the Santa Claus we know today was shaped by the multi-billion dollar corporation, Coca-Cola (Staff, 2012). As we all know, when Dr. Seuss wrote his books, he most often included a theme, or ‘moral of the story’ as a guide for young children to help them learn important values. In his work, “The Grinch Who Stole Christmas”, Dr. Seuss openly protested the commercialization of Christmas. Seuss’s work is very obviously Marxist-based, as it spoke clearly on issues of discrimination, ostracism and misplaced values. Marxism is different than ‘other progressive movements because Marxists always struggle to overcome the manifold forms of domination and exploitation in and through the self-emancipation of the working class’ (Marxists.org). Dr. Seuss could be interpreted as protesting against this exploitation of the public by the capitalists and corporations, by creating a work that states that ““Maybe Christmas,” he thought, “doesn’t come from a store. Maybe Christmas…perhaps…means a little bit more!”” (Geisel, 1957). Seuss, it seems, was of the opinion that the version of Christmas we know now, based on giving and receiving expensive purchases...
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...The Industry Fast food restaurants provide food and beverage at a reasonable cost and the products each company supplies are very similar in nature. However in the current economic climate with margins continually narrowing, companies may be employing tactics which are either illegal or unethical in the pursuit of driving sales and increasing profits. During the latest recession, while sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, total sales remained about the same at fast food chains (Franklin, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to determine whether or not only the largest of corporations will be able to prosper and remain viable in the coming years. It is difficult to believe that it has been almost one hundred years since the first “fast food restaurant” came into existence. Many people think that the McDonald brothers of California started the fast food craze in America, but in reality it was the White Castle hamburger chain that actually started fast food history in America. J. Walter Anderson opened the first White Castle in 1916 in Wichita, Kansas (Chambers, 2011). In 1948, the McDonald brothers merged products similar to those at White Castle and employed their own ”Speedee Service System” to create a more efficient and cost effective way of providing the consumer with these products. This new found love of faster cars and lifestyles for teenagers following the war allowed more customers to be serviced in the same amount of time. By...
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...Alan McKee lists five related themes common to popular and academic concerns about the media sphere; that it’s too trivialised, too commercialised, too fragmented, that it relies too much on spectacle, and has caused citizens to become passive/apathetic. Focusing on the concept of audience, discuss one or more of McKee’s themes using an example from new and traditional media. As social groups and fragments naturally transform themselves parallel to the stages of the development of modern technology, the concept of audience will always in turn be the product of this environment. In the modern day world, one cannot help but question if the evolution of society has been accelerated in such a way partially due to the influence of the media sphere. Audiences are now more interactive in the media and public sphere in partnership with the Web 2.0 movement as a form of new media. Even though the new age media revolution has taken over the bigger part of our lives, the means of traditional media outlets such as television are more open to all the different societies that now exist. As the quality of media outbreaks dwindles and quantity is dangerously on the rise, the idea of commercialized and fragmented elements in our society is what we are subjected to within today’s media realm. Allan Mckee in his text The Public Sphere: An Introduction discusses these topics in depth as well as others in relation to the concept of audience and how the transformation of media has affected social...
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...Management Thesis no. 91 Master of Science, 30 credits How to apply microfinance activities in the developed world - a case study in New York City Author: Sofia Bredberg Sara Ek Stockholm 2011 Supervisor: Han-Suck Song Master of Science thesis Title How to apply microfinance activities in the developed world – a case study in New York City Sofia Bredbeg & Sara Ek Real Estate and Construction Management Han-Suck Song Microfinance, poverty alleviation, financial sustainability, developed world, microfinance programs, empowerment, Grameen America, Acción USA, Project Enterprise Authors Department Master Thesis number Supervisor Keywords Abstract This study strives to examine how microfinance activities can be successfully applied in the developed world. This is done through a field study in New York City. Throughout interviews and observations with three of the largest actors in New York: Acción USA, Grameen America and Project Enterprise, as well as interviews with their clients, the lending processes and key characteristics of the organizations have been mapped. Furthermore, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has been interviewed on the general opinion of microfinance in the US. Previous theory elaborates on some of the major challenges with implementing microfinance activities in the developed world, such as lack of funding and cultural differences hindering the lending processes to be carried out as they are in the developing world. Henceforth, problems regarding...
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...Theodore Geisel published ‘The Grinch Who Stole Christmas in 1957 (Illinois, 2013). In the 50’s, North America was starting to buy in (literally) to the commercialization of Christmas. The event of reverence and celebration that it had been for over a thousand years was descending into a money-making ploy by the corporations of the world. In fact, the Santa Claus we know today was shaped by the multi-billion dollar corporation, Coca-Cola (Staff, 2012). As we all know, when Dr. Seuss wrote his books, he most often included a theme, or ‘moral of the story’ as a guide for young children to help them learn important values. In his work, “The Grinch Who Stole Christmas”, Dr. Seuss openly protested the commercialization of Christmas. Seuss’s work is very obviously Marxist-based, as it spoke clearly on issues of discrimination, ostracism and misplaced values. Marxism is different than ‘other progressive movements because Marxists always struggle to overcome the manifold forms of domination and exploitation in and through the self-emancipation of the working class’ (Marxists.org). Dr. Seuss could be interpreted as protesting against this exploitation of the public by the capitalists and corporations, by creating a work that states that ““Maybe Christmas,” he thought, “doesn’t come from a store. Maybe Christmas…perhaps…means a little bit more!”” (Geisel, 1957). Seuss, it seems, was of the opinion that the version of Christmas we know now, based on giving and receiving expensive purchases...
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...business! New Product Development Process • A systematized approach for the development of new products to manage risk. • A general approach that is followed by most major consumer goods companies. – Includes the infusion of creativity… – … and the rigor of evaluative decision points – or “Stage Gates” New Product Development Process Overall Process is made up of 8 stages. Opportunity Identification Idea Generation Concept Development Concept Concept Testing Product Development Positioning Development STM Confirmation Advertising Testing Test Test Marketing Commercialization New Product Development Process … Some are “developmental” sages, and some are “evaluative” stages. Opportunity Identification Idea Generation Concept Development Concept Testing* Product Development Positioning Development STM Confirmation Advertising Testing Test Marketing* Commercialization *”Stage Gates” Developmental Stages About how to … • Is more constructive than evaluative - provides guidance. • Fosters creativity and innovation • Generates ideas • Obtains insights from consumers/customers on what they want. Stage Gates • • Evaluative stages –“go/no go” decisions Requires an objective assessment of the marketing initiative prior to proceeding further: – Will it fit: •...
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...Death of a Salesman as a play about American tragedy as reflected in the character of Willy Loman. Arthur Miller’s The Death of a Salesman is set against post war America. The play examines the assumptions which ultimately led Willy and his family to their state of desperation. These are the assumptions that many American business people held then. Capitalism and commercialization were the two evils that had engulfed the America of that time. The psychological disturbance experienced by Willy Loman was a common experience of many Americans. Willy Loman doesn’t stand alone he represents the Americans of that period paralyzed by war and depression. The problem arises not because of one particular family because of America itself as it was then. Willy Loman rides on the waves of illusion and doesn’t open his eyes to his present reality. His failure is the failure of American myth of success. According to this myth being well liked was what one needed for going ahead. Another assumption examined by the play is that petty crimes like adultery and stealing are evidence of high spirit. Another assumption examined was that being an athlete brings glory and privilege but being studious leads nowhere. Willy Loman is guided by these false values and has a tragic fall. He tried to include wrong values to his sons and they failed as a result. He cannot face the reality of his present life and goes back to the past which represents illusion. His ...
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...The very existence of the squadron was a milestone. The U.S. Army was still segregated during the war, and it took the intercession of the Roosevelt administration to authorize the training of black pilots. As they were trained at the Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama, they became known as the Tuskegee Airmen. The poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers," which Hughes wrote while crossing the Mississippi, first appeared in 1921. The poem evokes African heritage, and is widely anthologized. Hughes's first collection of poems, The Weary Blues, appeared in 1926. The essay "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain," which Hughes published in 1926, was considered something of a manifesto for black writers and artists in America. In 1930 Hughes published his first novel, Not Without Laughter, and throughout the 1930s he wrote a number of plays and short stories. Langston Hughes traveled extensively, was active in radical politics, and wielded considerable literary influence until his death, in Harlem, in 1967. It is seldom argued that America’s youth does not at least somewhat benefit from having an annual Black History Month, however, several critics argue that the adult population now perceives the month of February from a different angle.[2] One question that has been raised is in regard to why the month chosen to celebrate Black history is February, which is the shortest month of the year.[3] It is argued that Black History Month has become a “ready made excuse to ignore...
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...Puritans Aspirations of a Model Society Chelsea J. Austin Ms. K. L Gooden, instructor APUSH Fall- 113 Sumter Central High School November 1, 2013 Brainstorm Puritans: Puritans were a religious group Separated from the Church of England Thought that the Church of England in their eyes was corrupt Wanted to purify the Church of England were single-minded visionaries convinced of the rightness of their beliefs were practical and businesslike persecuted for their beliefs and fled England for Holland and, ultimately, for North America Many historians feel that the Puritan ethics of thrift, hard work, and self – sufficiency contributed to the success of the New World. Aspirations of a Puritan Model Society: Peaceful environment Entirely focus on God and do his will Strong community Outline Introductory Sentence: Puritans came from New England in the seventeenth century with hopes of creating a model society. Thesis Statement: Their aspirations for a model society consisted of making a strong community, peaceful environment, and a society focused solely on glorifying God and doing his will. Introduction: Puritans came from New England in the seventeenth century with hopes of creating a model society. They came trying to escape the religious persecution of New England and the corruption of the Church of England. Puritans attempted to establish a utopian society that would thrive from honoring God's laws...
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