...The Future of Policing Christina Johnson CJS/210 September 14, 2014 Ronald Rucker University of Phoenix Policing in the United States has changed dramatically since it was first brought to the thirteen colonies from England. However, some of the issues faced then are being faced in policing today. There are also new trends that are prevalent, and these trends will continue to have lasting effects on the future of policing. Even though new trends improve policing overall, they can also cause more serious issues. It is crucial to continue making changes topolicing because it allows law enforcement officers to keep up with the rest of society, including the knowledge of new crime trends. This paper will describe the current trends and issues in policing and analyze possible solutions to improve policing tactics. One trend currently affecting policing is police-community relations. There is a strong emphasis now on community policing, which promotes trust and better relationships between police officers and community members, and less on the militaristic style (Stephens, 2005). Improving police-community relations not only accents the importance of diversity, but it reduces prejudice and discrimination by officers. Community policing helps build trust between the police and community members by relying on citizens to help fight crime. Hence, it is a type of proactive policing (Walker & Katz, 2011). By relying on citizens, police officers have a better chance at preventing...
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...Police Operations Paper CJA/214 Dec 17, 2011 Police Operations Paper The role of law enforcement officer has many duties; officers are sworn to protect and serve by fighting crime, maintaining order and conducting other services that benefit the community. Often times, a police officer is considered a crime-fighter, and this image has been enlarged by media attention. Styles of policing must match the community they serve to ensure that the roles of the officers are relative to the community. The structure of future policing can have a dramatic social, economical and political effect on the community and departments needs to recognize these aspects to ensure proper policing. Law enforcement agencies take part in several functions that place officers in situations that may possibly be life threatening. Dangers Law enforcement endangerments are regrettably real and officers are wounded or murdered in the line of duty every year in the United States. Bodily harm is most likely the greatest threat an officer will face. An officer is confronted with the possibility of assault by an armed offender every time the officer is called to respond to some form of disturbance. Bodily harm and death to an officer are not the only dangers of policing. Stress related illnesses and family issues can also contribute to the danger of police work. Challenging jobs can take a grim toll on an officer’s life and well-being, if staying safe and the pressure are not coped...
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...Police Operations Paper Jessica Eley Todd Larson CJA/214 9/6/11 In the early 1900 policing made up of two basic functions patrolling and investigating crimes. Patrol officers patrolled the areas mainly on foot requiring direct contact with the community they served. The detectives investigated illegal gambling operations and corruption. Looking into modern policing dangers in the job is a primary concern and how to improve measures for the safety of the officers. The Taser is a less than lethal weapon used to stop individuals without fatally wounding them. The use of modern technology in today’s policing has become widespread in securing Americas borders and every day policing duties. In policing there are applications significant to the aid of police officers; database and information technology, computer-aided dispatch, records management systems, and mobile computing. When looking into the terrorism, Homeland Security and law enforcement agencies across the country it is so imperative that all of these agencies work together to solve crimes by information sharing and departmental assistance. The police will play an important role as peace keepers, specialist in antiterrorism, and community outreach professionals. The dangers that cause over half of all police deaths are traffic incidents. In 2009, 56 officers died in the line of duty by traffic incidents. According to data from the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund reported traffic remains the...
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...substances is the innate system. The innate, sometimes called the natural immunity is the first line of defense for the body (Marieb, 2013). Skin barriers and mucosal bodies such as acidity of the skin, lysozyme found in salvia, mucus found in the respiratory track and defensins found in mucous membranes are all part of the innate immune system (Marieb, 2013). Internal innate systems include phagocytes and macrophages by killing and ingesting their prey with enzymes (Marieb, 2013). The innate system also includes the inflammatory response which prevents agents from spreading to adjacent tissues and promotes tissue repair quickly when an injury has occurred. Other defenses in the innate system include Natural killer cells which act as a policing cell in the blood and lymph (Marieb, 2013). In other words, they can determine which cells to lyse before the need to introduce the adaptive immune system begins. The adaptive immune system is the elite fighting force in the army that is equipped with...
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...THE DAMAGING EFFECTS OF BEING AN OFFICER OF THE LAW Traniecsia Walker Gathering Research Data Paper Week 2 CJA/334 - RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE Instructor: RHONDA GRANT Schedule:09/08/2015 - 10/12/2015 Police Officers And The Damaging Consequences of The Job Abstract Patrolling the country’s back-alleys and crime hotspots does not seem like something the average person would want to do. It takes an extraordinary person to dedicate their life to ensuring safety at home. Police Officers spend countless hours at work, answering the heralds of criminal activity that may endanger their lives. Some married divorced officers even blame the job for the destruction of their marriage. They suffer from paranoia, depression and insomnia, which could lead to a total mental breakdown due to the pressures of the job. There are instances in which officers express regret or guilt over certain decisions that they made while expressing how truly difficult it is to an officer of the law. What do they get for these years of torture? Are they satisfied with the treatment they have received from society post retirement? After a little research I reached the conclusion that most of them are and there are various reasons as to why they feel comfortable in a world in which they saw from a different light. Police Officers And The Damaging Consequences of The Job Psychological and Personal Risks to being an Officer Of The Law Thousands of...
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...August Vollmer Principles of Law Michelle Buckner Ned Watson April 9, 2013 August Vollmer August Vollmer was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Both of Vollmer’s parents were German immigrants. After the death of his father his mother took the family back to Germany. Two years later his family moved to San Francisco. When the Spanish- American war broke out Vollmer was old enough to enlist in the Army. He served one year. After he served in the war, Vollmer worked as a letter carrier. After years of working as a letter carrier Vollmer was approached to run for town marshal. He won the election. When Vollmer was elected the police department was is very poor condition. Crime was so bad that some trains refused to drive through. In 1908 Vollmer started the Berkley Police School. Police officers took courses to better educate them on how to be better officers. After Vollmer retired from the police department he continued to teach. As Vollmer got older he became very ill and decided to take his own life. August Vollmer August “Gus” Vollmer was born in New Orleans to German immigrant parents, John and Philopine Vollmer. His father was strict and saw to it that August learn to swim and box. His father died while he was young, leaving him with his mother and sibling. After the death of his father, Vollmer’s mother moved the family around several times. First they moved back to Germany. After just two years his mother moved the family back to New Orleans. Soon after that she...
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...Joseph Wambaugh, shared The Choirboys with us. Wambaugh’s fictional tale of the shenanigans involving police officers spent a great deal of time discussing the use and abuse of alcohol by the police. Are cops are still turning up the bottle and at an alarming rate? From the Wambaugh’s tales of the after-shift meetings in MacArthur Park to today’s “stress-relief” briefings at various wing houses and sports bars across the country police officers are boozing it up and alcohol abuse among the profession has reached an all-time high. Recent studies indicate that one-quarter of all police officers in the U.S. are afflicted with the disease of alcoholism. Not surprisingly, studies have established a significant correlation between occupational stress and increased alcohol use by police officers today. Occupational stress, if untreated, can lead to negative changes in a law enforcer’s life, especially how they view themselves and the communities that they serve. This puts the officer at risk for becoming cynical, burned out, apathetic, abusing alcohol or drugs, and committing suicide. While we understand that job related stress does not result in the officer’s immediate pit stop at the...
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...The University of Chicago Red Ink in the Rearview Mirror: Local Fiscal Conditions and the Issuance of Traffic Tickets Author(s): Thomas A. Garrett and Gary A. Wagner Source: Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 52, No. 1 (February 2009), pp. 71-90 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/589702 . Accessed: 12/03/2011 22:11 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ucpress. . Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. ...
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...Garrett Criminal Justice Trends The criminal justice system is changing every year to protect and serve society better than the years before. The United States government, the state police, and local police look at the past to make changes for the future in fighting crime. The responsibilities of the state and local police are to fight crime by enforcing the law, apprehended offenders, prevent crime, and preserve the peace among societies. On September 11, 2001 police responsibilities changed because of the attack on the United States. State police expanded their responsibilities to fight terrorism, new laws, and new types of crimes. The criminal justice system has two main aims, which are to manage crime and to guarantee due process. This paper will discuss past, recent, and future trends, contemporary issues that are affecting the criminal justice system, and the criminal justice system in a changing society. Past Trends In the 1960’s the general downward crime rates that been marked since the 1930’s came to an end. Crime report rose, more arrests were being made, lawmakers started passing tougher laws that increased penalties, cases prosecuted by the court increased, more people was placed in prisons and jails, or placed on probation or parole, and spending by the government grew for criminal justice institutions. The Federal Government changed in an effort to fight crime. In the 1960’s, the use of illegal drugs became widespread. The government responded with broad programs...
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...The Hidden Criminal CRJ308: Psychology of Criminal Behavior (BLG1231A) Instructor: Stephanie Myers September 3, 2012 The Hidden Criminal “I doubt if a single individual could be found from the whole of mankind free from some form of insanity. The only difference is one of degree.” (Desiderius Erasmus) Determining mental disorders among the criminal population is difficult as well as tedious but it is important that they are continue to be researched to better understand the criminal mind and to distinguish those that are plagued by mental disorders from those that choose the life of crime. In this paper I want to address the way the criminal with mental disorders perceive situations compared with what we would consider a normal person and that of a person who commits a crime for personal reasons. The first thing that should be known is that a person with a mental disorder(s) can seem like a completely normal person. In several segments of Hidden in Plain Sight: Looking for Mental Illness we see that picking out a person with a mental disorder is almost as difficult as finding a needle in a haystack even when you know what you are looking for. This research was on a group of ten people that some experienced different disorders while there was nothing wrong with others. Gathering these people to live together for five days while three different Psychiatrists observing. Their goal was to pick out the ones with disorders from those who were considered normal. This...
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...research is to discover ways for effective leadership and the impact it has on employee satisfaction. Leadership, management and supervision are terms which mean the same but are used similarly. A leader/manager/supervisor is a person who sees something that needs to be done, and knows that they can help make it happen. A leader, manager, or supervisor sees opportunity and captures it. He/she sees future that can be different and better and help others see that picture too. He/she is a coach, an encourager and is willing to take risks today for something better for tomorrow. A leader/manager/supervisor is a communicator, coordinator and listener. There are several types of leadership styles and they will be discussed in this paper. Additionally, this paper will discuss case studies to deliberate the role of leadership between employees using the different leadership styles. The results of the findings showed effective leadership does have an impact on employee satisfaction. The main recommendations are for leaders to practice the “Golden Rule”. Introduction Leadership is a process influence between leaders and employees where the leader attempts to inspire the workers to achieve organizational goals. Leadership plays an important role to ensure the achievement of desired outcomes in both formal and informal groups. Effective leadership and employee satisfaction are two terms that are equally important. A great leader/manager provides direction for...
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...Ethics and the Food Industry By: Diana Rhyne and John Hanley In early 2009, Peanut Corp. of America was discovered to have allowed Salmonella tainted peanuts to be distributed across the United States causing an outbreak that resulted illnesses in 714 people across 46 states with nine resulting in deaths ("Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention", 2009). In this paper, we will explore the concept of corporate social responsibility and some of the current ethical dilemmas many corporations in the food industry face today. We will further discuss the many arguments (in favor of and in opposition to) these ethical dilemmas, or why these issues pose an ethical dilemma. Finally, we will examine the consequences of unethical behavior in the food industry and how consumer demand/behavior affects corporate decision-making. In the food industry, a corporation’s actions/inactions are often far reaching. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not a new concept. The idea that a business (or business person) should behave in an ethical and socially responsible manner has roots in Biblical times with the advent of usury laws. During the 1700s, Benjamin Franklin was an early advocate for business ethics, going so far as to form a club for young businessmen, tradesmen, and merchants to come together to discuss business philosophies and further their careers (Finamore, 2005: 35-38). CSR is generally based on the idea that companies...
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...Title Effects of Inadequate Police Training Robert F. Kersey Liberty University Abstract Effects of Inadequate Police Training Citizens expect police officers to be ready to handle calls for service on their first tour of duty and the lack of training is no excuse. Law enforcement officers face delicate situations on a daily basis. These situations require immediate and appropriate responses from those who are sworn to protect and serve the communities in which they live. The men and women put their lives in jeopardy on a daily basis and sometimes have to make critical decisions in matters of seconds. Some of these decisions are the right ones, while other decisions are obviously the wrong ones. Many well publicized incidents of police brutality in the media over the past few years have left citizens wondering if this behavior is a typical behavior of all law enforcement officers. In carrying out there duties police exercise a great amount of discretion. The misuse of discretion has now led to society questioning police tactics and policies. The purpose of this paper is to articulate how important training is and the effects inadequate training can have on officers, their departments, and the municipalities where those officers are employed. Matthew W. McNamara (2006) discusses training in regards to liability saying that, “nothing is as important as making sure law enforcement officers receive proper training.” Training...
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...read the case study on Classic Airlines and will attempt to help the company by formulating a marketing plan which would help them recognize, diagnose, plan and implement which would put them in a better position for marketing and profitability reasons. The author breaks down Classic’s approach by recognizing its most valued commodity, and seizing on the opportunity to improve it by offering a 9 step process. The author uses examples to both illustrate the flaws inherit in their marketing efforts and to project successes if suggested solutions are utilized. Classic Airlines Marketing Solutions According to its stockholder’s annual report and outside business analysts’ opinions, Classic Airlines (or Classic for purposes of this paper) is poised to assume elite status among air carriers. With its vast assortment of resources and perceived positive PR (public relations) persona, Classic has enjoyed prime positioning because of it. However the economy has altered well-intentioned plans of many companies, including Classic, as the downturn has crippled economic conditions. Classic believes it can identify its weaknesses and craft an effective marketing effort which would position the company to achieve sustained profitability. Classic Airlines believes that recent economic pressures have been the main culprit in its journey from confident trendsetter to unsure business entity, but internal debate amongst executives has led to a questioning of its strategies in market...
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