...investigating the effect of students socio-economic/family background on students academic performance in tertiary institutions using decision tree algorithms A. B. Adeyemo (Ph.D)1 and S. O. Kuyoro (M.Sc.)2 Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Abstract The causes of the difference in the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions has for a long time been the focus of study among higher education managers, parents, government and researchers. The cause of this differential can be due to intellective, non-intellective factors or both. From studies investigating student performance and related problems it has been determined that academic success is dependent on many factors such as; grades and achievements, personality and expectations, and academic environments. This work uses data mining techniques to investigate the effect of socio-economic or family background on the performance of students using the data from one of the Nigerian tertiary institutions as case study. The analysis was carried out using Decision Tree algorithms. The data comprised of two hundred forty (240) records of students. The academic performance of students was measured by the students’ first year cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Various Decision Tree algorithms were investigated and the algorithm which best models the data was used to generate rule sets which can be used to analyze the effect of the socio-economic background of students on their academic...
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...Species Used White Oak (Quercus Alba) Decription: Quercus alba, the White oak, of beech family, native to eastern and central North America and found from Minnesota, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia south as far as northern Florida and Eastern Texas is one of the pre-eminent hard woods. White Oak is not a very tall tree, typically reaching 80-100 feet at maturity. Leaves grow to be 5-8.5 inches long and 2.75-4.5 inches wide and have deep glossy green upper surface. Bark is varying to dark grey and to white and wood color is light brown with paler sap wood, strong tough, heavy, fine grained and durable. Winter buds are reddish brown, obtuse, one-eighth of an inch long (Sabourin, A. 2005). Importance: Cultivation: Quercus alba is used as an...
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...Effect of Broken Home on Student Academic Performances investigating the effect of students socio-economic/family background on students academic performance in tertiary institutions using decision tree algorithms A. B. Adeyemo (Ph.D)1 and S. O. Kuyoro (M.Sc.)2 Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Abstract The causes of the difference in the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions has for a long time been the focus of study among higher education managers, parents, government and researchers. The cause of this differential can be due to intellective, non-intellective factors or both. From studies investigating student performance and related problems it has been determined that academic success is dependent on many factors such as; grades and achievements, personality and expectations, and academic environments. This work uses data mining techniques to investigate the effect of socio-economic or family background on the performance of students using the data from one of the Nigerian tertiary institutions as case study. The analysis was carried out using Decision Tree algorithms. The data comprised of two hundred forty (240) records of students. The academic performance of students was measured by the students’ first year cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Various Decision Tree algorithms were investigated and the algorithm which best models the data was used to generate rule sets which can be used to analyze the effect...
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...There are many legends about who and what Santa is, depending upon one’s family, culture and background, perceptions may differ slightly from person to person. The history of Christmas is more religious based correlating with each denomination having a unique set of beliefs. The legend of Santa and how he came about differs depending on one’s upbringing. Christmas traditions that people may practice vary from house to house but the most common practices are buying and decorating a Christmas tree, and exchanging presents with others. In mythology there is often times where unity occurs like in the myths Hera and Hephaistos and The Story of Poia. Christmas time is the time of the year when friends and family come together to celebrate the joy...
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...Allusions of the Tree in Picture Books Children’s literature has evolved over decades as new morals and ideas develop. Modern children’s literate differs from previous decades in how religion is portrayed. Almost exclusively, the first written stories for children featured themes of religion. Today children’s authors are cautious of adding spiritualty, unless the book is overtly directed for a religious audience. The Oak Inside the Acorn by Max Lucado and illustrated by George Angelini was published in 2011 and is directed towards young children of Christian faith. The book features glorious painted illustrations and a hefty amount of text placed in a meditated manner. The pictures are created with a slew of colors and details used to grab the reader attention. Lucado is a family man and a minister. We know this due to his many references of God and the author’s note that bluntly states, “God prewired your infant” (Lucado)....
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... decision making, pleasure seeking, inhibitory control and the way we learn and consolidate information and experiences.” (Benizet-Lewis) One Tree Hill is a TV drama that had its final season in 2012. Deb is a character in the show that, after a life of being abused and mistreated, becomes addicted to prescription painkillers. Many drug addictions begin with the excessive amount of Dopamine released in the body when the drug is put into the bloodstream, “People with low levels of D2 are more likely to find taking drugs pleasurable.”(Benizet-Lewis) Although medicines have...
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...Interactions are one of the most important elements of early childcare and education. As a practitioner, I now understand the importance of quality interactions between practitioner and child, as they help build strong relationships especially when the activity is meaningful and enjoyable (DCCC, 2012). Interactions in Happy Days Playschool are warm, nurturing and respectful, but through the Aistear-Síolta (2015) self-evaluations, I discovered that at times my interactions were often superficial or directive, which was denying me the opportunity to fully tune into the child’s learning and to build secure relationships with the child. Síolta (2006) acknowledge that the role of the practitioner in terms of ensuring constructive interactions with children is demanding, but through reflective practice, I was able to ‘slow down’ my every day interactions, particularly the technique of scaffolding in order to enhance children’s learning outcomes. Vygotsky (1962) stated that we learn through our interactions and communications with others. Vygotsky proposed that social interaction proceeds development and children learn tasks and abilities through...
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...Grizelda, the Once-ler's aunt. * Brett and Chet, the Once-ler's brothers. SUMMARY Ted Wiggins is an idealistic 12-year-old boy, who lives in "Thneedville," a walled city in which everything is artificial and made of plastic, metal, or synthetics. Ted has a crush on local environmentalist Audrey and decides to find a real tree in order to impress her. His energetic Grammy Norma secretly tells Ted the legend of the Once-ler, who will tell anyone about trees if brought fifteen cents, a nail, and a shell of a great-great-great grandfather snail. When Ted leaves Thneedville in search of the Once-ler, he discovers that the outside world is a contaminated, empty wasteland. The Once-ler agrees to tell Ted about the trees if he will listen to the story over the course of multiple visits. Ted agrees despite a confrontation with the mayor of Thneedville, Aloysius O'Hare, the greedy proprietor of a bottled oxygen company, who pressures the boy to stay in town. Ted continues to sneak out of O'Hare's sight (with his grandmother's encouragement) and learns more of the trees' history. Over Ted's various visits, the Once-ler recounts the story of how he departed his family to make his fortune. After stumbling upon a...
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...chapter. Kimmerer talked about how the scientific community remains baffled at how pecan trees appear to talk with one another. Pecan trees act as a collective unit and produce mast fruiting all at once. It is not just a few groves that yield a harvest, it is groves all over the state in an all or nothing display. While there a several theories that attempt to explain this phenomenon, researchers are unaware of what causes the mast fruiting. This passage stood out to me in particular since Kimmerer compared pecan trees to a family that looks out for one another. The trees communicate to one another to decide when the time was right to produce the pecans. If one tree fruits alone out of season, it will be easy for it to become picked off by hungry animals and the chances of the tree surviving become slim. The pecan...
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...that wants to be like God. Nancy Lee Doige (Mother) - She is a good mother that helps her child set out on their own path. Allowing the child to follow that path, regardless of the mother’s desires. Yet at the same time being there for the child to fall back on when that path seems too hard to follow. Although nothing could take away the pain she even took comfort and peace in knowing that Ryan, his son, had done something most of us will never do. She’s a strong woman that can handle all the pain and trying to start a new chapter of her life without her son. Dale Doige (Father) -He didn’t want to show his grief in front of her wife for fear making it worse to her. What is important to him is being the shoulder to cry on of his family. He support and respect the decision of his son even though it is against his will of signing the donor...
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...to fully make sure that all employees understand the principles of organizational ethics through training. (Small Business.chron.com, 2015) This paper will discuss the organizational ethics in the retail industry. The retail corporation of Dollar Tree is the primary focus of this essay. Some points that will be addressed are external social pressures, organizational issues and the relevance of organizational and personal decision making, and finally the relationship between legal and ethical issues. External Social Pressures The fundamental role of external social pressures are based on social influence. Social influence basically means that an individual’s actions, reactions, and thoughts are influenced by communities or groups. This will include peer pressure, persuasion, marketing, sales, and conformity. (Business dictionary.com, 2015) External social pressure is a very important aspect when it comes to business ethics in particular small businesses in small communities. There are many social expectations in which businesses needs to pay attention to. These expectations are in the areas of community involvement and the responsibility to the environment. “The information age has contributed significantly to this increased importance of social pressure as word spreads quickly when companies fail to adhere to social standards” (Small Business.chron.com, 2015). The influencing of external social pressures in organizational ethics can be positive or have a...
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...Every culture has their own values and beliefs. They have different views on religion, political systems, and even style. In 19th Century Russia two things that were important were serfdom and social status. The significance of these things can be demonstrated through pieces of literature from 19th Century Russia. Serfdom was extremely popular in 19th century Russia. Serfs and peasants were 82% of Russia’s society, since farming was major during this time. Peasants were not educated, nor did they have the opportunity. They could not make any decisions for themselves. Since the peasants were not allowed to have their own property, they lived with their master and mistress. In 1861, serfdom was finally banned by Alexander II, but they had to go back to their master and mistress and work for money. (Snider) Foolishness in 19th Century Russian literature is well demonstrated through “Sleepy”. In “Sleepy”, Varka is a 13 year old serf that lacks sleep due to her master and mistress working her too hard. Her master and mistress forced her to stay up all night with the baby while it bawled. The baby just kept crying through all of Varka’s efforts to get it to sleep. Eventually, Varka fell asleep, but was awaken by her master smacking her in the back of the head, calling her a scabby slut. She started rocking the baby back to sleep, but fell back asleep. As soon as her mistress saw her she yelled at her, and asked for the baby so she could feed it. Varka realized that the baby was...
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...Legal Due Diligence Legal Environment of Business / LAW 529 Maria Wood October 25, 2005 Memorandum DATE: October 23, 2005 TO: The COO of ABC venture capital firm FROM: Harichand Chandunair, Legal Expert SUBJECT: Legal Due Diligence I would like to thank the management for giving me the opportunity to study Joe’s landscaping and tree trimming business and make recommendation about the legal issues surrounding the business under consideration. Joe is very successful and has enough clients to keep him busy, along with at least 50 workers, working six days a week. Joe did not have a lot of money to start a commercial landscaping and tree trimming business, but he did it anyway. He started small, but has plans to expand his business. I would say Joe’s idea is excellent. He decided to start a business in Memphis where commercial landscaping and tree trimming business can flourish 8 months every year. “Location” is the key to a successful business. There are several legal and regulatory issues involved in the commercial landscaping and trimming business. Joe’s company is following the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements, Occupational Safety and Health Association Regulations (OSHA) etc. ABC venture capital firm is least likely to face any legal problems in those areas. It is seen that Joe sometimes fires minorities, women, protected class etc. without stating valid reason. This could result in costly lawsuits...
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...ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT | DEPARTMENT: | FORESTRY AND LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT | UNIT TITLE: | EMERGING TROPICAL PLANT RESOURCES | UNIT CODE: | ENF 303 | ASSIGNMENT: | QUESTION 1 & 2 | INSTRUCTOR: | MR. OKEYO | STUDENT’S NAME: | RODGERS OYUGI KOGAH | REGISTRATION NUMBER: | I405/0329/2011 | DATE: | 31ST AUGUST, 2013 | * QUESTION 1. MAKE NOTES ON UNDEREXPLOITED /NEGLECTED PLANT SPECIES HIGHLIGHTING THEIR CLASSIFICATION, TAXONOMY, PROPAGATION, GENETIC RESERVIOUR, MANAGEMENT AND IMPORTANCE. (a) Albizia lebbeck L.(Woman’s –tongue- tree) Classification:Underexploited Fodder Plants Taxonomy. Kingdom- Plantae Subkingdom- Tracheobionta Superdivision- Spermatophyta Division- Magnoliophyta Class- Magnoliopsida Subclass -Rosidae Order- Fabales Family- Fabaceae Genus- Albizias Species -Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. – Woman’s tongue Common names: * Swahili: Mkingu, mkungu * English: East Indian walnut, frywood, Indian siris, siristree, woman's-tongue-tree, Propagation * It is best established using potted seedlings, although bare-rooted seedlings, direct seeding and stump cuttings have all been used successfully. * Seed pretreatment involves scarification and immersion in boiling hot water then cooling and soaking for 24 hours, or acid treatment to break seed-coat dormancy. * Germination improves after storage for 2-4 years, but satisfactory germination (50-60%) has been obtained from fresh seeds. * Freshly collected seed has about 70% germination...
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...must have a method of dealing with uncertainty in their decision determine the expected value of potential outcomes. A decision tree is a method of assessing the preferred outcome where multiple sources of uncertainty may exist. As an analysis model that provides a graphical alter¬native to a decision by illustrating conditions and actions in sequence a decision tree can help Mark and Annie with their uncertainties. By looking at the decision to be made, chance or uncertain events and scenario, scenario outcomes, and probability outcomes, Mark and Annie may have an easier time making their choice. Trade-off becomes relevant whenever a decision problem involves multiple, possibly conflicting, objectives. In Mark and Annie's situation more than one objective is relevant. In some cases, an option may also be dominated if it only offers very small advantages but has significant disadvantages. By ranking objectives on a scale, one method of converting rankings to a similar scale is proportional scoring. Using this method, the best outcome is assigned a rating of 100, the worst a rating of 0, and all other outcomes are given a rating based on where they fall between those two scores. If the outcomes are then assigned weights based on their relative importance, a score can be assigned to each outcome and the best alternative assigned using a decision tree. Decision analysis such as this provides an effective technique to determine the expected value of alternative scenarios to Mark...
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