...Page 1 The World Health Organisation (World Health Organisation, 2008) states that the indigenous peoples of Australia are one of the most disadvantaged indigenous groups in the developed world. The health of the Indigenous population of Australia is an increasingly pressing issue. Current research and statistics reveals great inequality in many areas of health care and health status between the Aboriginal people and the general population of Australia. Couzos and Murray (2008, p. 29) report that the Indigenous population has “the worst health status of any identifiable group in Australia, and the poorest access to health systems.” This paper will examine the underlying historical contexts and contributing factors that have lead to the current disparity between the health of the Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians. Furthermore, the high prevalence of chronic health issues such as diabetes will be analysed and community health initiatives that are needed or currently being enacted will be identified. Many reasons for the current appalling state of health and wellbeing of the Australian Aboriginal people can be explained by examining their recent history to the devastating impacts of colonisation, genocidal policy, loss of land and years of oppression. These several hundred years of cultural destruction, dispossession and social and political upheaval have resulted in generations of trauma and grief (Burke, 2006, para. 4). As reported by Forsyth (2007, p. 35-36)...
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...|SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH & COMMUNITY MEDICINE | | |UNSW BLACKBOARD ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET | | |FAMILY NAME: |HENDRAWIJAYA |GIVEN NAME: |FELYA | |STUDENT NO: |3360382 |EMAIL: |Felya.hendrawijaya@hotmail.com | |PHONE (H): | |PHONE (W): | | |MOBILE: |0425067879 |FAX: | | |COURSE NO: |GENM0510 |COURSE NAME: | MANAGING MEDIA | |LECTURER: |DAVID THOMAS |DUE DATE: |21 December 2012 | |ASSIGNMENT: |FINAL ASSIGNMENT |QUESTION NO: | | For group assignments, please submit one cover sheet for the group, and list members of your group here: |Name |Student ID Number ...
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...in health promotion are discussed. The primary prevention article discusses how effective motivational interviewing can be in health promotion. It mentions that motivational interviewing can help people understand their lifestyle problems and help them make the necessary changes in their lifestyle to see a positive outcome, which is having a healthy life. It also mentions that it takes a bit of work from the nurse to be able to master this skill and become effective at it. The secondary prevention article discusses secondary prevention of diabetes among health promoters. It discusses how health promoters are concerned that secondary prevention programs might take away funding from primary prevention programs. It also discusses how the lower socio-economic population has a much higher incidence of type 2 diabetes, so the programs should be built into existing programs within these communities. Nurses are able to add value to diabetes prevention programs through expertise and...
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...Running head: FURTHERING EDUCATION A Need For Further Education Lisa Heathington Grand Canyon University: NRS 430v – Professional Dynamics February 24, 2012 Abstract It is time for nursing to step up and mandate that the bachelor’s degree is the minimum requirement. It is essential in today’s challenging times that nurses understand the why and not accept the notion that this is how it has been done before, so this must be the acceptable. Only through furthering our education and the understanding of evidenced based nursing will today’s nurses be able to meet the ever changing needs in this complex society. Quality nursing care relies on education. The Associate Degree Nurse (ADN ) completes one to two years of general education with two years of clinical practice. Nurses are taking on more patients with less resources, are facing more complex illnesses, and using more technical equipment. Research has shown “lower mortality rates, fewer medication errors and positive outcomes are all linked to nurses prepared at the baccalaureate and graduate degree levels.” (Rosseter, 2011, Rosenberg & Pfeifer, p18). According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2011) “Studies have shown that graduates from an entry level nursing program may pass the NCLEX exam but that does not mean they are prepared for practice. The NCLEX does not test the difference between graduates of different programs, measure for performance, or test for the knowledge of a bachelor’s...
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...CQ1) How are priority issues for Australia’s health identified? 1. Account for the differences in health status of men and women in Australia (7 marks) 2. Define the following terms: mortality, morbidity and life expectancy (3 marks) 3. How is epidemiology used to improve the health of Australians? Provide examples (6 marks) 4. Outline two indicators of morbidity. Include examples in your answer (3 marks) 5. Why is it important to prioritise particular health issues in Australia? Include examples in your answer (5 marks) 6. Discuss the limitations of using epidemiology to describe the current health status of a population (4 marks) 7. Compare the health status of Australian males to Australian females (4 marks) 8. Analyse the importance of social justice principles in selecting health priorities in Australia (6 marks) 9. Demonstrate how an illness or disease is selected as a National Priority area (5 marks) 10. What is the role of epidemiology? Explain how epidemiology can be used to determine the priority areas for Australia’s health (4 marks) 11. Explain the main measures of epidemiology. What information do they provide about the current health status of Australians (4 marks) 12. Is Australia a healthy nation compared with the rest of the world? Explain your answer. How can Australia’s health be improved? (5 marks) 13. Distinguish between the terms ‘prevalence’ and ‘incidence’ (2 marks) 14. Identify reasons for Australia’s declining infant mortality rate...
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...Ethics relates to a person’s or organisation’s moral principles which, along with their profession’s code of conduct and legislation, help health professionals make good judgements and decisions. Dilemmas arise when a choice must be made between two conflicting moral positions This discussion debates the ethical dilemma created by a woman who refuses to engage in the care of her gestational diabetes mellitus. The situation has been discussed with her obstetrician and midwife and the woman and her husband have been provided with full education. Every possible strategy has been implemented and clearly documented, including the use of an interpreter, and the couple are well aware of the risk to the mother and her unborn baby. Despite this, they...
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...the individual and encourages screening activities and treating any early warning signs. In tertiary health promotion, the disease has already been identified and treatment has begun. Purpose of Health Promotion In the journal article reviewed on primary health First Steps for Mommy and Me, the purpose of health promotion is to promote healthful behaviors (Taveras, Blackburn, Gillman, et all 2011). In promoting healthful behaviors in postpartum mothers and their infants, complications later in life can be prevented for both. The purpose of primary health promotion is to prevent problems before they occur. In the article reviewd on secondary health, Concepts and new frontiers for development, the purpose is to prevent progression of diabetes through lifestyle-based changes (Milat, A., O'Hara, B., & Develin, E., 2009). Secondary health promotion activities center around detecting diseases before they occur, especially in those individuals who are at higher risk for developing disease. In the article on tertiary health promotion, Health promotion for people with intellectual disability and obesity, the focus is the preparation of the person with an intellectual disability to understand and monitor his own healthcare needs in order to prevent or control obesity...
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...DEVELOPING A FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRIVERS AND OPERATORS Developing a Fatigue Management Plan for Commercial Vehicle Drivers and Operators ● 2 / 20 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 4 COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRIVER FATIGUE IS A MAJOR SAFETY PROBLEM .............................................................. 4 A DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLAN WILL HELP EMPLOYERS MEET THEIR DUTY OF CARE ............................. 4 OPERATING STANDARDS FOR WORK AND REST .................................................................................. 5 THE OPERATING STANDARDS IN THE REGULATIONS ARE USED TO ESTABLISH A SAFE SYSTEM OF WORK ............. 5 OPERATING STANDARDS FOR WORK AND REST IN ROAD TRANSPORT ................................................................... 5 DRIVING WITHOUT A RELIEF DRIVER ................................................................................................................... 5 DRIVING WITH A RELIEF DRIVER .......................................................................................................................... 5 A DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLAN............................................................................................... 6 MANAGING COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRIVER FATIGUE REQUIRES EFFECTIVE POLICIES & PROCEDURES ................ 6 BASIC PRINCIPLES TO INCLUDE...
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...report investigates the reason behind declining number of women participant in sports; describes advantage and factors that affect women doing sports. The key findings are: Benefits: * Good health for women * Social Benefits Reason for not participating in sport * Culture * Responsibility 2. Introduction It has been a long time women are participating in sports despite of numerous barriers based on gender discrimination. However, men play a dominant role in sport till today. Women are frequently segregated involuntarily into different types of sports, events and competitions specifically targeted to women.(UN, 2007) Now-a-days, in Australia, the number of women participating in sport has continuous to increase.(see fig 4) in different sectors of sport.( see fig 2). The importance of doing sport has been well understood by women and most of them choose to do various sports in their daily life in order to maintain health and physics. One of the community sporting...
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...Globalization Name: Institutional affiliations: This paper focuses on highlighting how the processes of globalization have changed the experiences of growing up and being educated in for the adolescent children aged 12 to 15 in Australia. Globalization is the process by which organizations and businesses establish international relations through the exchange of world business views and ideas, culture and products with other nations of the world. These businesses and organizations then start to operate and trade on an international scale. Globalization can be attributed to advances in the industrial sector, changes in the transportation and telecommunication systems, infrastructural changes, and the rise in the internet culture and development. The interplay of these forces in politics, religion and economies influence the economic trends of each country. Some of the social effects of globalization to the world economy include: poverty reduction due to increase in the wages and employment rate in the participative developing countries, improved healthcare provision due to the registered decline in the maternal and infant mortality rates, the provision of better educational standards, in line with the global millennium developmental goals. However globalization has also been viewed as a key in increasing the unemployment rates in the third world countries due to massive sacking of workers, high poverty rates and low income generation among the working...
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...Evaluate the importance of regular exercise in maintaining a healthy body and mind; to what extent should the state play a role in ensuring that its citizens exercise regularly? Refer to at least two countries in your answer. Abstract Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in physical activity and fitness around the world. This essay will focus on the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. It is obvious that exercise helps people prevent a variety of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, depression and Parkinson’s. This also raises an argument on whether government should play an important role in promoting physical activity. This essay will clarify that it is reasonable for the state to take responsibilities in order to make sure that social health would be improved in the following years. 1/ Introduction A healthy lifestyle and longer lives are always the target that everyone wants to achieve, specifically; it is obvious that one of the most effective ways to do this is through exercise. Exercise generally means physical activity that makes your body strong and healthy. In addition, exercise also benefits mental health, especially in stressful work conditions which can affect individuals who lead busy lives. Therefore, in my opinion, it will be reasonable for the government (the state) to be responsible for ensuring regular exercise of all citizens. This essay consists of three main parts which will discuss the reasons why physical...
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...According to Queensland Health (2012) health services that are initiated, controlled and operated by the indigenous community have the potential to increase the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people accessing the appropriate available services. Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHO) such as Aboriginal Torres Strait Islanders Community Health Services Mackay (ATSICHS) provides holistic and culturally appropriate care. This highlights that access to health services, may be affected by a variety of socioeconomic factors, such as low income, unemployment, second-rate housing and also socio-political factors like forced removal from land and/or family. These factors need be addressed to achieve continuous improvement in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Queenslanders health status. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care services offer clinical care, screening programs, a wide range of preventative health care activities, health-related and/or community supported activities. Queensland Health (2010) focuses on the health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, which acknowledges the significant gap in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Queenslanders (approximately 10.4 years for males and 8.9 years for females). Community involvement is a founding principle of the World Health Organisation (WHO) 1978 Alma-Ata primary health care declaration (WHO, 2013). A significant reason for community...
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...sleeping up to 10 to sometimes 15 hours a night (Nature, 2005). According to Wilson (2005) the general rule states that most people need from seven to eight hours of sleep. The deprivation of sleep in our society in continually increasing with the demands in society increasing work loads, the myth that a few hours of sleep is only necessary to function properly and that sleep is sometimes considered as killing time (Nature, 2005). Sometimes sleep deprivation is also caused by other situations like sleep disorders, i.e. sleep apnoea, chronic insomnia or medical conditions such as stress (Wilson, 2005). According to Wilson (2005), sleep deprivation can cause not only traffic accidents, but also medical conditions such as: obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic disorder, heart problems, dementia, psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety (Nature, 2005). Nature...
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...The ability of making a clinical judgment is essential in the nursing career. It safely and effectively meets the patient’s health care needs. We are given an insight into Josie Elliot’s pain management in postoperative care in which, Tanner’s model of clinical judgment is used holistically provide Josie’s optimum patient care. This provides a framework to enhance the process of making a clinical judgment in several situations. The importance of Josie Elliot’s pain management and potential effects of uncontrolled pain in postoperative care are discussed to provide full recovery for the patient’s needs. The importance of pain control is to provide patient comfort during the healing process in postoperative care. (Douglas & Schoenwald, 2013) Pain is considered the 5th vital sign during observations therefore the pain scale should be recorded during observations after surgery. Pain intensity is also assessed, as it is a quantitative estimate of the severity of the patient’s perceived pain. (Douglas & Schoenwald, 2013) Nurses also use pain scales to determine the pain intensity. (Ersek & Irving, 2012) For example, the numerical rating scale allows the patient to rate the level of pain from 0 -10. Nurses use a holistic approach to help the patient on how to deal with pain, helping them regain their physical, mental and spiritual health. (Seliman & Andosy, 2011) Family & patient education is also important as Lorig (2001) views it as a schema designed to improve...
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...are too expensive. (Slide show) Social and emotional wellbeing is a term used to talk about a person’s overall social, emotional, psychological (mental), spiritual, and cultural wellbeing. Factors that are important to social and emotional wellbeing include a person’s. (refer to slide show) Social and emotional wellbeing is often confused with mental health, but it is much broader: social and emotional wellbeing is concerned with the overall wellbeing of the person. On the other hand, mental health describes how a person thinks and feels, and how they cope with and take part in everyday life. It is often seen, incorrectly, as simply the absence of a mental illness. (Slide show) Important determinants of Indigenous health inequality in Australia include the lack of equal access to primary health care and the lower standard of health infrastructure in Indigenous communities (healthy housing, food, sanitation etc) compared to other Australians. Equality in health care refers to the differences in the use, access, availability or quality of health care by different groups (Ward, 2009). Inequality in health care is about the ability to access health services using concepts and approaches involving social justice and therefore requires a judgement about what is fair and just. This may involve assistance to...
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