...World Bank and IMF are lending institutions that provide funding to developing countries. These developing countries are to use this funding to support projects and/or policies that are designed to fight poverty and other economic concerns. Developing countries such as, Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC) are plagued with poverty, health concerns and lack many of the basic necessities to live. Many question whether the support from these institutions are beneficial or do they actually hinder the development of countries such as DRC. I believe that, developing countries can benefit from the aid the World Bank and IMF can provide them. With the support from the World Bank and IMF they can build hospitals, roads, schools, or put in place reforms to help become a developed country. The DRC once plagued with conflict and civil wars leaving the country in a fragile place. The outlook for the DRC looks promising, they have made significant economic progress since the wars. The World Banks shows that DRC registered a growth rate of 8.5% in 2013 and it also shows that inflation was at 53% in 2009 but it fell to 1% in 2013. The World Bank expects the economy to grow steadily in the medium term at around 7 to 8%.These results are not just from funding from the World Bank but a combination of a change in government structure and also public investments. The country has made great strides in rebuilding the country. The change in the government matrix and the funding from World Bank allowed...
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...of all the people of the world for maintaining peace and security of all its member states. It also at a glance demonstrates the main role or aims that have been made the responsibility of UN peacekeepers in relieving a conflict-torn country, although it relies on their dignity and restraint. Despite the many motivations behind UN peacekeepers (soldiers) joining the UN peace operations, such as compulsory military service, the opportunity for travel or adventure, to pursue a career, adding some skills that can be useful after retiring from service, or simply for better pay; many express their interest to bring peace to people and stability to an area wrecked by conflict.[2] My experience as a former UN peacekeeper in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) from 2004 until 2005 encouraged my intention to analyze what was going on there. UN peace operation has played its role twice in this country, with much of the “traditional peacekeeping” function being placed in the first UN “military operation” in the DRC. My question is whether the latter “giant” UN peace operation in the DRC (the largest ever) will end up being similar to the previous operation, especially regarding the problems and challenges faced by its...
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...control relies on applying a package of interventions, namely case management, surveillance and contact tracing, a good laboratory service, safe burials and social mobilisation. * Early supportive care with rehydration, symptomatic treatment improves survival. There is as yet no licensed treatment proven to neutralise the virus but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development. * There are currently no licensed Ebola vaccines but 2 potential candidates are undergoing evaluation. Background The Ebola virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if untreated. Ebola virus disease (EVD) first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name. The current outbreak in west Africa, (first cases notified in March 2014), is the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976. There have been more cases and deaths in this outbreak than all others combined. It has also spread between countries starting in Guinea then spreading across land...
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...International Marketing | PM 305 | | | OLANREWAJU OLABODE | I.D NUMBER 33344 | 3/19/2016 | | TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................. ......3 2.0 Situational Analysis................................................................................................. ..4-7 3.0 Swot and Tow matrix................................................................................................ 7-10 4.0 Market Selection......................................................................................................... .11 5.0 Recommended Markets and Market entre Strategies............................................11-12 6.0 Marketing Strategies........................................................
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...From Compliance to Practice Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke SFB-Governance Working Paper Series 25 • October 2011 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 „Governance In Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?“ The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sara Gebh/Anna Jüschke All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to sfb700@zedat.fu-berlin.de. Börzel, Tanja A./ Hönke, Jana 2011: From Compliance to Practice. Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 25, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, October 2011. ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet)...
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...Several studies show that prospective parents perceive the international adoption pool as larger and the adoption process to be faster. According to one study, parents who prioritized the speed of the adoption process were twice as likely to adopt internationally (Efrat). Adoption proponent Elizabeth Bartholet of Harvard Law School says that death of orphans are very common. “For most unparented children the real alternative to international adoption is life, or death, in institutions or on the street (Olasky). So when a family adoption internationally they could give the child getting adopted a better life and possibly save it. Many websites that are devoted to international adoption, including websites of adoption agencies, tell you the importance of efficiency-related considerations. These sources often alert prospective parents about the significant waiting time and costs that international adoption involves, while also offering information on the availability of children in different countries and providing advice for easing the financial burden of the...
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...* “Sick Man” of Europe: 1914 This was a name given to the Ottoman's from the Europeans. It was based on the Ottoman's sultans inability to control the takeover of many states. It fails to recognize reform in the Ottoman's * “Stabbed in the Back”(1918): After germany lost the war the german people wanted someone to blame. Rhe german army believe they had been stabbed in the back by the Weimar Republic. This is because they were the politicians who signed the Armistice. Which made the known as the November ciminals. * “The White Man’s Burden” : The idea that Europeans have a duty/responsibility to help uncivilized nations. They thought that they were genetically superior to other races. They believed they were superior to the rest of the world previous to the idea of social Darwinism, but this new idea backed their thought. Since they believed themselves to be superior, they saw it as their right as Christians and superior humans to spread their modern and advanced ways with "inferior" races. * 14 Points: A detailed list of war aims presented by President Wilson: 1) Recognition of freedom of the seas 2) An end to the practice of making secret treaties 3) Reduction of national armaments 4) An "impartial adjustment of all colonial claims" 5) Self-determination for the various nationalities within the Austro-Hungarian empire. 6) "A general association of nations..for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity...
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...out of contact with their parents.” In some circumstances parents are even driven to offer their children for combat service simply because they know they are too poor to provide for them. No matter how the deed is done these groups have the same principal goal, “to foster a child’s dependency on an armed organization and inhibit escape.” If they can accomplish this, they will have readily available and obedient weapons at their disposal. Recruitment is only the first phase of a child’s path to war, becoming a child soldier is a much longer grueling process, involving indoctrination, training, and then war. In the indoctrination phase of their training it is common for groups to offer their young soldiers drugs, food, and small amounts of money as remunerative motivators in order to get them hooked on military life. Other means of inspiration commonly used by armies include coercive motivators and physical punishment. Singer remarks, “whatever the means, the typical result of the indoctrination process is a moral and psychological disconnection that allows children to engage in what would normally be considered depraved actions.” The length of training within rebel groups is even shorter and less institutionalized, this is because of the constant need for soldiers and commanders’ lack of remorse for lost lives. The majority of children are trained in guerilla warfare techniques and this is typically administered in short lessons of basic infantry...
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...documentaries as CITIZENFOUR, An Inconvenient Truth and Food, Inc. and feature films including Lincoln and Spotlight. FOLLOW US Takepart Share Facebook Twitter Email App Google +1 Tumblr Your Reach Take Action A U.S. Special Forces service member and a soldier with the Uganda People's Defence Force search the area near Pambayamba, in the Central African Republic, for indicted war criminal Joseph Kony, leader of the Lord's Resistance Army, on March 30, 2016. (Photo: Andrew Craft) takepart #longform Hunting Joseph Kony U.S. Special Forces searching for a rebel leader indicted for war crimes discover a different mission could prove even more important. May 6, 2016 Kevin Maurer is a journalist and coauthor of No Easy Day: The Firsthand Account of the Mission That...
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...NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS CURRICULUM SUPPORT French Society, Learning, Employability and Culture. Advice for Practitioners [NATIONAL 5] [pic] This advice and guidance has been produced to support the profession with the delivery of courses which are either new or which have aspects of significant change within the new national qualifications (NQ) framework. The advice and guidance provides suggestions on approaches to learning and teaching. Practitioners are encouraged to draw on the materials for their own part of their continuing professional development in introducing new national qualifications in ways that match the needs of learners. Practitioners should also refer to the course and unit specifications and support notes which have been issued by the Scottish Qualifications Authority. http://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/34714.html This document includes web links (ie urls) to specific YouTube clips. Please note the following: 1. When you click on these web links you are moving away from the Education Scotland website. Education Scotland is not responsible for content on external websites. 2. As YouTube provides an open forum for users to post comments it is recommended that practitioners check the clips, and any appended comments, in advance so as to assess suitability before directing learners to them. Acknowledgement © Crown copyright 2012. You may re-use this information (excluding...
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...Resources abound in africa but how to manage them well to take advantage of absolute and comparatives cost ADVANTAGES is the problem. Introduction Africa is endowed with a rich diversity of environmental resources. Some of these are geographical, terrestrial, aquatic and country-specific resources while others transcend national boundaries of two or more countries within the region or continent. Since World War II, Africans have embarked on the massive utilisation of their environmental resources for improving their quality of life and that of their global business partners (Frobel et al. 1988; French 2000). In spite of the abundance of these resources, local communities, predominantly smallholder farmers and pastoralists, whose production systems are based on Traditional Environmental Knowledge Systems (TEKS), are now unable to meet their basic needs, sustain environmental productivity and even have an equitable share of the global wealth (ADALCO 1990). The predominance of international trade over local needs fostered, among other things, specialisation in spatial production and exchange of goods and services on a global scale, what evolved today as theories of Absolute and Comparative Advantage. Consequently, it is evident that in some geographical areas, natural resources are still sustainably utilised, while in others there is evidence of environmental degradation or inefficient utiliatization (Stebbing 1935; Timberlake 1985; Blaikie 1989; Juma and Ford 1992; Rugumamu...
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...CHAPTRE ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1Background to the study Increasing income to poor people has the vital importance in the development of any country. In this new era of globalization poverty is still a worldwide problem unlikely over and the past decades whereby inspite of increasing inequality in wealth between different part of the world the problem of spreaded localized war was dominant and the newly issues such as environmental degradation, international debt, religious fundamentalism and other form of competing, collectively identify both the potential the social dislocation turning to worldwide chaos. The concept of poverty is still debatable and this result into various dimension as far as the conceptual complexity has been understood in a series of fault line including individuals or household measures private consumption only or private consumption in plus publicly provided goods, monetary or monetary plus non-monetary components of poverty, snapshots or timeline, actual or potential poverty, stocks or flow measures of poverty, in put or output measures, absolute or relative poverty. The world bank target of reducing by one-half the portion of people on extreme poverty by 2015 requires the criterion for deciding if an individual or household is poor, it does this in economic term by measuring the persons income and establishing poverty line which represent an income level below which a person is held to be in extreme poverty (Allen etal, 2004) Poverty means lack of...
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...1. INTRODUCTION The horrors of Somalia, Angola and the Congo (present day Democratic Republic of Congo) made the new challenges that the present day United Nations faces easier to confront, as they highlighted the glaring weaknesses that riddled the early days of peacekeeping. The UN was portrayed as a vulnerable institution without a spine which could not enact strong and effective policies to deal with interventions, and it was this view which led me to look at the three most decisive UN interventions conducted on the African continent since its inception. The interventions in Angola , Somalia and Congo , were all conducted at different stages of the UN’s reign , and as such they help paint a clearer image on how far the organisation has come from post-World War II , through the Cold War to the present day. A major tool of the UN in its unprecedented efforts has been its UN Charter , within which it manifests its principles and goals clearly and concisely, and it is through this framework that it has conducted itself in every UN peacekeeping mission. The Charter is the working document of the UN as it follows its guidelines in a diligent and stringent manner. However, this stance has led to it being exploited by more cunning leaders, or even finding itself in the complex situation of being tempted to disobey the Charter, due to its limiting and constraining nature. In this essay, I will focus primarily on a combination of all the approaches used in writing essays .As such...
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...vulnerable. Natural disasters occurring in African countries undermine the economic survival of poor communities. Many populations in countries throughout the continent have suffered under the impact of such hazards, which have killed thousands and caused injuries to many others. Mainly it is the vulnerable groups of people and their locations that are exposed to risk of these disasters. It is of paramount importance to note that these disasters can be natural or man-made. It is the scope of this paper to deliberate if disasters in Africa really occur when hazards and vulnerability meet or not. Increasing disaster threats not only reflect the onset of events such as earthquakes or floods, but also the changing demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the population. A large, violent tornado, for instance, passing through an open field presents little danger. On the other hand, a relatively weak tornado can pose significant risks to human life and can result in great economic losses in densely populated areas. While the intensity is important, of equal or greater importance is the presence of a population whose demographic or socioeconomic characteristics may place its members at greater risk of harm before, during, and after a disaster. Natural disasters frequently occur across the world, affecting both developed and developing countries. However, Fordham (2010) postulates that some...
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...among the people making most exterminate the Tutsi population. In this one, it tells the story of a man (Paul Rusesabagina) of Hutu origin, which was in charge of the administration of the Hotel Des Mille Collines (the owners of this were of origin Belgium), where the same has to take charge of the hotel and take a decisive position against this genocide. Paul, manages anyway to defend his family (Tutsi), having them safe at the hotel and in turn many people from this same source. The United Nation does intervene for some time, but certain allied countries France, United States believe that it was a fairly important to give due importance to their fate, leaving the population causing the abandonment for these, Paul, looking for ways to get adequate support, contacting a certain social status of different countries (considered had no importance for protection) making people located in the hotel achieved save. Given that this was real, that are left ignore these facts as cruel and irrational by the fact that a small population of color, perhaps, are not all human beings have the right to be protected due? , how can a human being be so unconscious against such acts, whereas the world's great...
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