... the Torah protected the deaf from being cursed by others, but did not allow them to participate fully in the rituals of the Temple. Special laws concerning marriage and property were established for deaf-mutes, but deaf-mutes were not allowed to be witnesses in the courts. (Camp) During 1500-1620 there were many influences from Italian and Spanish educators for deaf children. Italian physician Girolamo Cardano was the first to challenge the pronouncements of Aristotle. He believed that hearing words was not necessary for the understanding of ideas. He said that deaf people were capable of using their minds, argued for the importance of teaching them, and was one of the first to state that deaf people could learn to read and write without learning how to speak first. Pedro Ponce De Leon taught deaf sons of the Spanish nobility in order that they might inherit property. He used reading and writing, but also taught speech. He apparently traced letters and indicated pronunciation with lip movements to introduce and develop speech among his students. Pablo Bonet taught the sons of Spanish noblemen to read and speak using the one-handed alphabet. He published the first book on deaf education in 1620 in Madrid. The book depicted Bonet's form of a manual alphabet. His intent was to further the oral and manual education of deaf people in Spain. Around 1760, a French priest, Charles Michel De L'Eppe, established the first free public school for the deaf in France. De L'Eppe tried...
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...ASL Storytelling Night Earlier this week I had the opportunity to attend a Deaf Awareness Week event, an ASL storytelling night and potluck. This was the first experience I had to analyze a large group of Deaf people from my community communicating. When I entered a large room, at Russian Jack Elementary School, the sight of several people signing to each other in ASL greeted me. One thing that stood out to me was the number of children that were in the room. There were a lot more young children there than I would have expected. I couldn’t really tell if most of the children were hearing or Deaf. One thing I did observe was a group of about 4 small children standing in a circle. They were discussing whether or not a young boy that...
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...Project Advisors Maureen Carr, M.B.A., Project Director, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The Joint Commission Amy Panagopoulos, R.N., M.B.A., Director, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The Joint Commission Robert Wise, M.D., Vice President, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The Joint Commission Joint Commission Mission The mission of The Joint Commission is to continuously improve health care for the public, in collaboration with other stakeholders, by evaluating health care organizations and inspiring them to excel in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value. The inclusion of an organization name, product, or service in a Joint Commission publication should not be construed as an endorsement of such organization, product, or services, nor is failure to include an organization name, product, or service to be construed as disapproval. © 2010 by The Joint Commission Permission to reproduce this guide for noncommercial, educational purposes with display of attribution is granted. For other requests regarding permission to reprint, please call (630) 792-5954. Suggested Citation The Joint Commission: Advancing Effective Communication,...
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...Comprehension in Translation If we ask people who know English whether they understand the following sentence “This car is very powerful” they all say they do. Their comprehension is based on two elements. One is their knowledge of the words and grammar of the English language. But this is not enough. In different contexts and in different situations the word “powerful” may mean different things: “ a powerful car “ in the advertisement is not the same as “ a powerful method” for solving a problem , or “a powerful man” in felling trees, though the three “powerfuls” do not have smth in common. Similarly, the word “car” can mean not only an automobile , but also according to Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language it means “ a streetcar; an elevator cage; a part of the balloon which carries people and equipment” . “Understanding” the above sentence means that those hearing or reading it can imagine automobile, probably big, that can run very fast. This is where the second element of comprehension comes in: besides knowledge of the language comprehension implies knowledge of the outside world, called extralinguistic knowledge or encyclopedic knowledge or background knowledge. Comprehension varies from non-comprehension to full comprehension. Total non-comprehension of verbal statements is extremely rare, since the situation and/or content almost always say smth about its meaning. The problem of full comprehension is rather more difficult to deal...
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...You’ll be told more often than not that, “She should not have been drinking so much,” or “If she can’t remember parts of it, why should we trust her judgment at all?” or, even more frequently, “He’s a good kid, a good student, an athlete. He doesn’t fit the bill for ‘rapist’.” I will later go into further detail on why that latter statement is a widely popular misconception, but first we will address the former two statements. Two of the most important things to point out in regards to campus sexual assault are A), the difference between incapacitated rape and forced rape and B), the importance of steering away from discussing the “dangers” of alcohol and substance abuse in relation to sexual assault. These points are both highlighted in Heather McCauley’s editorial, “College Sexual Assault: A Call for Trauma-Informed Prevention.” She first defines forced rape as, true to the name, forcible sexual assault while the victim is sober, and incapacitated rape as rape involving a victim’s intoxication level in any form, whether it be...
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...How hearing loss affects development of the mind James Garrett Excelsior College PSY235 Dr. Victoria Ferrara June 21, 2015 Abstract Hearing loss can have a tremendous effect on the cognitive development of human beings. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory can be connected to this issue. Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory can also be tied into the effects of hearing loss on development and the theory of mind is another theory that can help explain the why. Language development is one of the main reasons for a child’s mental growth and is also one of the main areas effected by a hearing deficit. There are many ways to combat the ill-effects of hearing loss including new technologies in hearing aids along with proactive parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals. How hearing loss affects development of the mind Pediatric hearing loss is not a low-incident disability with the educationally significant hearing loss being approximately 12 in 1000 children (Matkin & Wilcox, 1999). Anderson (2015) tells us that usually during the 24th week of pregnancy, an unborn baby begins to hear. Hearing is a vital means of interacting with the family and the world throughout life. A baby starts to distinguish sounds like human speech in the first months after birth. The foundations of language, both hearing and speaking, develop by age two. The development of language from the youngest age is directly tied to cognitive development, primarily affecting reading, learning...
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...children with disabilities, such as the SPED model used in the Philippines, that involve segregating CWDs into separate classes or even separate schools. Inclusive Education is recognized by teachers, families and policy makers to be a more beneficial way of ensuring that children with and without disabilities achieve their full educational potential. The LCD Philippines Foundation Inclusive Education program was initiated in 2005 in response to a perceived need for a remodification of the current educational system for CWDs in the Philippines. Working in partnership with the Department of Education, other national NGOs and 19 Community Support Groups (made up of volunteer parents and volunteer organisations), amongst other partners, the program involves creating awareness among stakeholders; improving access to Inclusive Education in schools and communities through providing accessible features, equipment and appropriate teacher training; adopting an holistic approach to address the needs of CWDs through comprehensive health management and rehabilitation interventions (including a program developed by one of our CHIIPS Interns – ICARE) and research and data gathering. In addition the Inclusive Education in collaboration with the Economic Empowerment programme aims to create economic opportunities for the parents and families of disabled children. http://lcdphilippinesfoundation.org/our-programs/inclusive-education/ Useful Links World Bank Leonard Cheshire Disability Inclusive...
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...Encouraging diversity Working with people from culturally diverse backgrounds Working with people from culturally diverse backgrounds Working with volunteers from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds can add value to your organisation, create an inclusive environment, strengthen positive relationships with the local community, bring new perspectives and encourage people from different backgrounds to use your services. Attracting and recruiting Inducting and training Supporting and supervising However, organisations need to be mindful that involving people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in volunteer programs is a long process, especially if you want the volunteer program to be sustainable. Organisations need to focus on one community and then progressively involve other communities. Rewarding and recognising Encouraging diversity Why is diversity important? Ways to encourage diversity Recruiting volunteers from diverse backgrounds Working with corporate volunteers Working with people from culturally diverse backgrounds Working with people who are blind or have low vision Working with people who are Deaf or hard of hearing Working with people who have a disability Working with skilled volunteers Working with young people Managing spontaneous volunteers This page looks at how to...
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... CARER RELATIONSHIPS Definiton Carer: -Someone who assists in satisfying their needs of individuals who alone cannot -They may voluntary or paid Definitions cont.d… Primary Carer: ‘An individual who has the main responsibility for care of another to help them satisfy their needs by enabling them to interact more successfully with their near environment. Self-Care: Provinding personal care such as showering, dressing,eating Mobolity Care: Assisting people to move outside or in the home.eg. From bed to chair Communication Carer: usually care related to verbal communication in helping a person understand or be understood. Eg. Deaf and blind, instances when such care is required CARERS MAY OR MAY NOT LIVE IN THE HOUSEHOLD Circumstances leading to people needing care - Work or other educational commitment - Injury - Loss of a partner - Loss of mobility - Special needs PLANNED: When a person foresees becoming a person needing care, such as an individual becoming frail overtime. They may hire a paid carer. |Circumstance |Example...
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...ure CHAPTER- 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 NEED FOR BANKS With the increase in population and trust of people in the banks, the banks started to perform many other functions to facilitate the different sectors of economy in addition to their basic functions of accepting deposit and lending money. Because of expansion in banking business, it became very difficult for banks to perform the entire functions just under one roof. So the banking experts decided to divide the banks according to their importance and functions. 1.2 TYPES OF BANK 1) Chartered Bank: These are the banks, which are established by the order of king (Royal Order). They perform the same functions like other commercial banks or the function which are laid down in their charter. For instance, Chartered Bank of England. 2) Banks according to registration: i) Scheduled Banks These are the banks, which are registered in the list of central bank. They are bound to follow the instructions and policies of central bank. For instance, United bank, Allied bank, MCB bank etc. ii) Non-scheduled Banks These are the banks, which are not registered in the list of central bank. They are not bound to follow the instructions and policies of central banks. 3) Banks according to ownership: i) Government Banks These are the banks, which are owned by central or provincial government of any country. The government is responsible to frame and control the policies of these banks and it has also right to receive all benefit and...
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...This page intentionally left blank The Study of Language This best-selling textbook provides an engaging and user-friendly introduction to the study of language. Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, Yule presents information in short, bite-sized sections, introducing the major concepts in language study – from how children learn language to why men and women speak differently, through all the key elements of language. This fourth edition has been revised and updated with twenty new sections, covering new accounts of language origins, the key properties of language, text messaging, kinship terms and more than twenty new word etymologies. To increase student engagement with the text, Yule has also included more than fifty new tasks, including thirty involving data analysis, enabling students to apply what they have learned. The online study guide offers students further resources when working on the tasks, while encouraging lively and proactive learning. This is the most fundamental and easy-to-use introduction to the study of language. George Yule has taught Linguistics at the Universities of Edinburgh, Hawai’i, Louisiana State and Minnesota. He is the author of a number of books, including Discourse Analysis (with Gillian Brown, 1983) and Pragmatics (1996). “A genuinely introductory linguistics text, well suited for undergraduates who have little prior experience thinking descriptively about language. Yule’s crisp and thought-provoking presentation of key issues works...
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...Credit value: 5 1 Communication in health and social care Health and social care professionals need good communication skills to develop positive relationships and share information with people using services. They also need to be able to communicate well with people’s families and/or carers and their own colleagues and other professionals. It is important therefore, if you are considering a career in health and social care, to gain the knowledge, understanding and practical skills needed to develop effective interpersonal skills. There are several different forms of communication used in a health and social care environment. This unit looks at verbal and non-verbal communication methods. You will gain an understanding of the communication cycle, looking at how to make sure that communication is effective and messages understood at each stage. You will also learn to recognise a range of factors which may create barriers to communication. You will then consider ways in which these barriers may be overcome, including the use of alternative forms of communication. You will be given the opportunity to observe and discuss communication methods used by professionals – skills which you will practise and refine. You will then demonstrate your communication skills in both one-to-one and group situations. This unit has links with Unit 2 (Individual needs in health and social care), Unit 5 (Vocational experience) and Unit 6 (Cultural diversity) as it will develop...
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...collaboration? How do you build a multicultural collaboration? As our society becomes more culturally diverse, organizations are understanding the need to work with other organizations in order to "turn up the sound," so their voices are heard and their issues will be addressed. This means that individuals and institutions can no longer deny the sometimes uncomfortable realities of cultural diversity. Organizers and activists are realizing that we have to come to grips with our multicultural society, or we won't get anything done. But how do we do that? One Wisconsin labor activist says, "We want to include communities of color, but we just don't know where to begin. We hold open meetings, but no people of color even show up." A neighborhood organization member in South Los Angeles, says, "Last year, we decided to move toward organizing in the Latino community for the simple reason that we have a lot of new immigrants from Central America in the neighborhoods. We wanted to make an authentic multicultural organization, but we learned an important lesson -- it doesn't just happen." Many organizers have begun to come to grips with diversity issues, even though they may not have all the answers. These organizers realize they have to develop new strategies and tactics to attract multicultural interest in their collaborative initiatives. They also know there will be problems to solve if their collaborations are to be effective. This section will discuss how to help organizations...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION Children exhibit differences from one another in terms of their physical attributes (e.g., some are shorter, some are stronger) and learning abilities (e.g., some learn quickly and are able to remember and use what they have learned in new situations; others need repeated practice and have difficulty maintaining and generalizing new knowledge and skills). The differences among most children are relatively small, enabling these children to benefit from the general education program. The physical attributes and/or learning abilities of some children, however—those called exceptional children—differ from the norm (either below or above) to such an extent that they require an individualized program of special education and related services to fully benefit from education. The term exceptional children according to Heward, W. L. (2006 ) includes children who experience difficulties in learning as well as those whose performance is so superior that modifications in curriculum and instruction are necessary to help them fulfill their potential. Thus, exceptional children is an inclusive term that refers to children with learning and/or behavior problems, children with physical disabilities or sensory impairments, and children who are intellectually gifted or have a special talent. Although the terms impairment, disability, and handicap are sometimes used interchangeably, they are not synonymous. Impairment refers to the loss or reduced function of a particular body...
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...[pic] Women With Disabilities Australia (WWDA) Report of the WWDA Telecommunications Survey Contents Page Acknowledgments...... ..........3 Chapter One: Introduction 4 1.1 Preamble 4 1.2 About Women With Disabilities Australia (WWDA) 6 1.3 Executive Summary 7 1.4 Recommendations 13 1.5 Gender and Disability 17 1.6 The Interaction Between Gender, Disability and Telecommunications 21 1.7 The Context of the Study 23 1.8 Survey Framework and Methodology 25 Chapter Two: Summary of Major Findings of the Telecommunications Survey 26 2.1 Characteristics of Respondents 26 2.2 Use of Telecommunications Equipment 26 2.3 Barriers to Telecommunications 26 2.4 Service Providers 27 2.5 Telecommunications - Assistive Devices and Equipment 28 2.6 Online Communication 29 Chapter Three: WWDA Telecommunications Survey Analysis 30 Appendix 1: Telecommunications Questionnaire Tables 65 Appendix 2: WWDA Telecommunications Questionnaire 84 Acknowledgments Women With Disabilities Australia (WWDA) wishes to thank all the respondents who contributed their time to complete the survey questionnaires and whose heartfelt, insightful comments gave so much to enhance the interpretation of the statistical results. Our thanks go also to the Blind Citizens Australia Project Telecommunications, Disability and Consumer Representation funded by The Department of Communication, Information Technology and the Arts. This Project provided the funding...
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