...Alzheimer’s disease is surprisingly the most expensive disease out of a patient with heart disease, and someone with cancer (Alzheimer’s association) Alzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia. It was first described in 1906, and has been majorly researched since then. Care takers dealing with an Alzheimer’s patient is affected by the multiple complex symptoms, the major costs of caring for them, and the medication used to help treat the patient. There are many behavioural, physical, and psychological symptoms that come out of having Alzheimer’s disease. A lot of the effects tend to mix and cause many more symptoms to occur. Some of the physical effects will also have a behavioural effect on the patient. For example once the decreased...
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...Mental Health Disease Robin Cameron NUR/408 Janruary 16, 2011 Nancyruth Leibold Mental Health Disease According to Perry, Presley-Cantrell, and Dhingra (2010) “Mental illness is term health conditions that are characterized by alteration in thinking, mood, or behavior or perhaps a combination that is associated with distress and/or impaired functioning” (p. 2333). Mental health has become an increase concern in the vulnerable elderly population across the nation. Two of the major mental diseases that are prevalence in the elderly population are Alzheimer’s and Dementia. Alzheimer and Dementia are both diseases that affect the elderly population across the nation by declining loss of intellectual functioning. Not much is known about these disease processes but what is known is both these diseases are similar in signs and symptoms (Fisher Center For Alzheimer‘s Research Foundation, 2011). To explore and understand more about Alzheimer and Dementia disease process, it is important to understand what epidemiology is. Then this paper will show how the steps and methods the epidemiology uses to help determine the cause and effect of a disease. The paper continues to review how the epidemiological triangle is used. It is important to tie it altogether by explaining how epidemiology is used to help explore and understanding in how the disease process develops, any identifying causes and how to either slow the effects or prevent the disease process of Alzheimer from...
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...Effects of Aging on Cognitive Development Dawn Menard Psych/640 September 7, 2015 Dr. Samantha Hickman Effects of Aging on Cognitive Development This news release is going to discuss and evaluate the effects of aging on cognitive development. It is also going to discuss how cognitive neuroscience and Alzheimer’s disease play a role in how memory declines with information processing and working memory. Aging and Cognitive Development Aging plays a role on cognitive development as people get older. As people get older, their cognitive ability does not enhance but they are able to learn new things over time. One test, the Weschler test, deals with verbal and performance intelligence. These tests are rapid tests but are often misguided. These tests focus on verbal and language skills and remain consistent for cognitive development for aging adults, however, when given reasoning or problem-solving tests, their skills tend to slow down and their cognitive thinking is not as quick. According to Anderson (2009, p. 404), “the importance of these declines in simple measures of cognitive capabilities can be easily manipulated”. Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive neuroscience works with dedicating itself to studying cognition in the brain and how information is processed. According to Anderson (2009, p. 12), “cognitive neuroscience develops ways to help one process the neural basis of cognition”. The brain has more neurons during birth and infancy but as adults’ age...
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...Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. Research advances have enabled detailed understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the hallmarks of the disease-ie, plaques, composed of amyloid β (Aβ), and tangles, composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. However, as our knowledge increases so does our appreciation for the pathogenic complexity of the disorder. Familial Alzheimer's disease is a very rare autosomal dominant disease with early onset, caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein and presenilin genes, both linked to Aβ metabolism. By contrast with familial disease, sporadic Alzheimer's disease is very common with more than 15 million people affected worldwide. The cause of the sporadic form of the disease is unknown, probably because the disease is heterogeneous, caused by ageing in concert with a complex interaction of both genetic and environmental risk factors. This seminar reviews the key aspects of the disease, including epidemiology, genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as recent developments and controversies. 100 years ago, Alois Alzheimer gave a lecture at a congress in Tubingen, Germany, on the first case of the disease that Kraepelin some years later named Alzheimer's disease.1 In this single case. Alzheimer described typical clinical characteristics with memory disturbances and instrumental signs, and the neuropathological picture with miliary bodies (plaques) and dense bundles of fibrils (tangles), which we today...
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...Institution Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advanced Nursing Practice A. Investigated Disease Process: The paper investigates the processes of Alzheimer’s and pharmacological implication. A1. Pathophysiology: The theory based on monoamine-deficiency determines that the recognizable pathophysiological source of Alzheimer’s Disease is the occurrence of dementia and dementia like symptoms (Unützer, & Park, 2012). Donepezil is applicable in the pathophysiology and is commendable by the therapeutic efficacy of its control. There are various conventional discussions based on the categorization and basis of dementia. The concept made by Emil Kraepelin'sdetermines that is a formulation of a Sigmund and disease. On the other hand, Freud perceives Alzheimer’s disease is an expression of internalized loss and weakness (Unützer, & Park, 2012). Alzheimer’s disease may not be categorized as a homogeneous disease, but it is a sophisticated phenomenon that has various subtypes and at least one etiology. It also has various predispositions in symptomatology that range from mild to severe symptoms. A2. Standard of Practice: The American Psychiatric Association presents the best practices to be followed while addressing Alzheimer’s disease disorder. The practices aim to assist healthcare providers in making informed decisions by providing systematic strategies. Most Alzheimer’s disease disorders are curable based on evidence- based approaches. Many dementia disorders increase the...
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...Introduction: Affecting 64% of all dementia cases (Alzheimer’s Society of Canada, 2014), Alzheimer’s disease is a growing problem today. With close to 90 000 cases of dementia reported in the greater Toronto area (GTA) (Hopkins, 2010) and the number continuing to rise, it is a widespread problem in society. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by memory loss, difficulty completing daily tasks, confusion, communication problems, and emotional and social changes (Alzheimer’s Association, 2014). Alzheimer’s disease is most common from age 65 onward. There is no cure to alzheimer’s disease, and the exact mechanisms are unclear. Current research suggests that plaques and tangles are responsible for the destruction of neurones, leading to symptoms...
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...http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_what_is_alzheimers.asp ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE * Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia, a general term for memory loss and other intellectual abilities serious enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. Bottom of Form * Alzheimer's is not a normal part of aging, although the greatest known risk factor is increasing age, and the majority of people with Alzheimer's are 65 and older. But Alzheimer's is not just a disease of old age. Up to 5 percent of people with the disease have early onset Alzheimer's (also known as younger-onset), which often appears when someone is in their 40s or 50s. * Alzheimer's worsens over time. Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but with late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment. Alzheimer's is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Those with Alzheimer's live an average of eight years after their symptoms become noticeable to others, but survival can range from four to 20 years, depending on age and other health conditions. * Alzheimer's has no current cure, but treatments for symptoms are available and research continues. Although current Alzheimer's treatments cannot stop Alzheimer's from progressing, they can temporarily slow the worsening...
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...REPORT FROM DR AL SEARS Disease-ending breakthrough STUNS researchers at Johns Hopkins... UCLA... and Baylor Imagine your doctor hands you a brand-new pill... At first glance it looks like any ordinary pill... maybe a little smaller, not so fake-looking. But what he says next leaves you breathless...“This is the last thing I'll ever prescribe you...” “It was formulated by UCLA researchers a few years back.”“Since then studies have documented its ability to cure 619 diseases — virtually everything that affects your health.” “And it has zero side effects — nobody has ever reported feeling anything but pure joy after taking it.”Now at this point you're already a bit floored... Could one tiny tablet really contain so much healing potential? But then he drops the bomb... Something that changes the way you think of your health and medicine forever...He tells you that despite being completely side-effect free... And costing only $1... 6,600 peer-reviewed studies have proven its superiority over the world's leading drugs. With this mountain of research he had no choice but to share it with you — and all of his patients. In fact, double-blind, placebo controlled trials have found it... * * Kills 16-times more cancer cells than the leading chemo drug Eloxatin — without harming healthy cells (International Journal of Oncology) * * “It's 400-times more potent than the diabetes drug Metformin” — reports Auburn University researchers (Journal...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease We live in an advanced world of technology and medicine. As much as many things positively impact society, numerous may also have a negative effect. Throughout the years, we were able to create cures through medicine that have allowed the life expectancy of the older generation to outlast the previous ones. But for many seniors, new problems arise that still require an antidote with the help of research and development. Even though females have a higher rate in life expectancy, they also have a greater chance in degenerating diseases; but both have an equal chance in getting a specific disease. One of which is the most common form of Dementia called Alzheimer’s that is caused within old age. Alzheimer causes memory loss and it goes from losing a little portion to even forgetting your entire past. This paper will discuss what happens with Alzheimer’s, who it targets, what are the signs of detecting this disease, and if there is a way to cure it. Alzheimer’s was first discovered in the early 1900’s by a German physician, Alois Alzheimer. He discovered the disease while observing a patient, a 51 year old woman named Frau Auguste D., who developed symptoms of memory loss and had difficulty understandings and speaking. After a few years of observations, Dr. Alxheimer discovered a progression of the symptoms which inevitably led to the death of the patient. Upon autopsy, abnormal impairment of the brain was discovered, along with a remarkable...
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...9/15/2013 Professors, Nicole Elliot-Laboray and Alan Bryant Sickness and Insanity Many people will hear that another has a disease in their brain and assume them potentially insane, if not outright. The brain is the place where all logic is formed and all action is defined. It then stands to reason that any attacking force will break the calculator. This however, is a poor assumption to make, as no two diseases behave in the same way. The Origins of both Acromegaly and Alzheimer’s for instance, are as unique to one another as their behaviors within the body. Acromegaly has an odd sounding name. Its Latin root words are “Acro”, meaning “High” and “Megaly”, meaning “Abnormal growth” or enlargement. This particular disease occurs below the brain and around the pituitary gland. Alzheimer’s has a different origin, entirely, having been named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who discovered the disease; it affects the brain directly. While the two chronic diseases Acromegaly and Alzheimer’s exist near the brain, their effects to the host can be extremely different; by way of cause, growth, signs, and long term effect; this fact should be understood and respected. From their inception, Acromegaly and Alzheimer’s differ from one another on even the most fundamental of levels. While no one is certain of the catalyst, it is known that one disease is concerned with tissue growth while conversely, the other causes tissue death. Typically, Acromegaly is caused by the growth of...
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...Dementia/Alzheimer’s – The Unwanted Inheritance Georgeanna L. Chapman COM/172 June 09, 2014 Janice Prewitt Dementia/Alzheimer’s – The Unwanted Inheritance It is time to start the day by getting up moving; standing there trying to remember the reason that they are perched there in the kitchen, but their brain isn’t operating correctly. Why can’t they remember what they walked in there for? It wasn’t like this yesterday, or was it is, but with the increasing symptoms of Alzheimer’s setting in, their world is changing, and there is nothing that they can do about it. Yesterday is a blur, today is starting out in a foggy cloud. Even though, environmental factors could contribute to the onset of Alzheimer’s, 25% of all people aged 55 have family history of the disease, 50% of them will inherit the gene mutation. More studies need to be done when it comes to Alzheimer’s; a disease that is increasing in numbers and it is time to put more emphasis on this. With the number of cases rising at a fast rate, women need to stand up and take a stand and demand that more studies be performed as they are more at risk to get Alzheimer’s than Cancer; nearly two-thirds of those with Alzheimer’s are women. “Alzheimer’s disease was first identified more than 100 years ago but still relatively little is known and understood about the aetiology, pathogenesis, treatment management and prevention of the disease. Diagnosis is difficult, particularly in the early stages, and effective treatments...
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...Epidemiology of Alzheimer' Disease Ronya Bentz NUR/408 March 4, 2013 Patricia Schwartz Epidemiology of Alzheimer' Disease According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health is “not just the absence of mental disorder but as a state of wellbeing in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.” (Perry, Presley-Cantrell, and Dhingra 2010). Mental illness, “refers collectively to all diagnosable mental disorders that are characterized by alteration in thinking, mood or behavior (or some combination thereof) associated with distress and/or impaired functioning” (Perry, Presley-Cantrell, and Dhingra 2010). Mental health is an increasing concern with the vulnerable population of the elderly across America. Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease are the two leading psychiatric diseases effecting the elderly, causing deterioration of intellectual functioning. Scientists cannot completely comprehend the etiology and progress of these two diseases. Scientists have learned that both diseases have signs and symptoms parallel to one another (Fisher Center for Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, 2011). It is important to get a better perception of the development of these diseases, so the importance of understanding epidemiology is relevant...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory This is a 8 page, 10 resource paper discussing Alzheimer’s disease, discussing the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes for a cure of the disease. Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory Introduction Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently afflicts about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of mental impairment in elderly people and accounts for a large percentage of admissions to assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in a large proportion of patients with this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these psychotic symptoms can lead to early institutionalization (Bassiony, et all, 2000). Learning about Alzheimer’s disease and realizing that it is much more that just a loss of memory can benefit the families of those with the disorder as well as society as a whole. The purpose of this paper is to look at the disorder, as well as to discuss the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. History Around the turn of the century, two kinds of dementia were defined by Emil Kraepin: senile and presenile. The presenile form was described more in detail by Alois Alzheimer as a progressive deterioration of...
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...Alzheimer's disease was discovered by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who did a great deal of research in the early 20th century regarding the disease. Research implies that there are some risk factors that seem to be linked in people with Alzheimer's disease. Much research has been done to try and track the origin of Alzheimer's disease, and many include environmental and genetic causes. (3) Alzheimer's is classified into two types; familial AD, which runs in families and follows inheritance patterns, and sporadic AD, in which no clear pattern of inheritance is found. Family history is considered a major risk factor. Individuals who have a relative with the disease are much more likely to develop it themselves. (4) Alzheimer's affects over four million people in the United Stares. Researchers predict that as the baby boomer generation begins to age, Alzheimer's could impact as many as 14 million people nationwide. The number of Alzheimer's cases is growing rapidly, afflicting 10% or more of people aged 65 or older and almost half of those over age 85. Alzheimer's is slightly more prevalent in woman than men. (3) Aging greatly increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's. Alzheimer's is usually seen in those over age 65, a rare and threatening type of Alzheimer's can occur in younger people in their 40s and 50s. This type is usually a result of family history or traumatic brain injuries experienced earlier in life. Aging in normally associated with the decline in the abilities to remember...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory Introduction Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently afflicts about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of mental impairment in elderly people and accounts for a large percentage of admissions to assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in a large proportion of patients with this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these psychotic symptoms can lead to early institutionalization (Bassiony, et all, 2000). Learning about Alzheimer’s disease and realizing that it is much more that just a loss of memory can benefit the families of those with the disorder as well as society as a whole. The purpose of this paper is to look at the disorder, as well as to discuss the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. History Around the turn of the century, two kinds of dementia were defined by Emil Kraepin: senile and presenile. The presenile form was described more in detail by Alois Alzheimer as a progressive deterioration of intellect, memory and orientation. As a neuropathologist, Alzheimer studied the case a 51 year-old woman. When she died, Alzheimer performed an autopsy and found that she had “cerebral atrophy”...
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