...in the battle of the Rubicon River. ………6. Tiberius wanted to limit the Latifundia and to awards to the farmers. ………7. Julius Caesar defeated Sulta in a civil war. ………8. The reign of Octavian as emperor in 27 BCE was the end of the Roman Republic. ……….9. Julius Caesar failed to conquer Gaul. ………10. The owners of the land claimed the fields left by the soldiers and this expanded their control over the lands called latifundia. B. Identify what is being described in the following items. Choose your answer in the box. Write the letter of the correct answer in the blank. Aqeuduct Pax Romana Colloseum Circus Maximus Danube River Rome Gladiator Latin Augustus Caesar Nero Trajan Latin Livy Cicero Virgil Pliny 1. ………….Period of peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire. 2. ………….Largest Ampitheater. 3. ………….Served as passage of water from the river toward the city. 4. ………… The place of a chariot racing. 5. ………….Most Progressive city in the Empire. 6. ………….Language of the Romans. 7. ………….Demarcation of the empire in the north. 8. ………….Warriors in the battle Arena. 9. ………….Reached the largest territory of the...
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... Rome was one of the greatest empires to ever rule in History. They gave modern society a large amount of archaeological advancements, such as the roads traveling everywhere, along with columns, arches, and concrete. Their Latin language has become the language in which many English words are derived from, even though the original language is dead. The Romans also gave us the representative government in which the people rule. How did such a dominating and inspiring civilization cease to exist? Even though we base our society on Rome, the Political, Economic, and Military problems caused enough problems to lead to the empire collapsing. The presentation on Ancient Rome at first focuses on how much Caesar Augustus did for the Roman Empire with his reforms and his image. Citizenship in Rome expanded and Augustus established the Pax Romana, a period of lasting peace and prosperity that insured the survival and eventual transmission of the Greco-Roman heritage and the diffusion of Christianity (Roman Empire). There were problems though, such as internal unrest, social and economic weaknesses, cultural stagnation in transformation, spread of mystery religions, and spiritualization of philosophy that made Rome’s decline a long process. In 476 AD, the western half of the Empire fell, and a Germanic Emperor was put on the throne, ending the long rule of Rome. The textbook gives similar viewpoints to what the presentation did. Even though the Pax Romana gave a so called “Time of...
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...the Christians in the Roman Empire.” Latomus, T.30, Fasc. 1 (1971) 120-132. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41527858 (accessed August 25, 2015) Emperor Decius was the first emperor to formulate a plan and initiate a systematic persecution of Christianity. Decius was not necessarily focused on Christians, but on the abolishment of Christianity itself. The emperor believed Christianity threatened the Roman way of life and the religious order of the Roman state. Decius attempted to overcome the will of the Christians in all possible ways so they would renounce. This resulted in extensive trials, physical torture, moral torture, and long prison sentence. His goal was to have the Christians show allegiance to the Roman state: even in a diminutive way. Unfortunately, the policy set forth by Decius was adhered to by several more emperors, resulting in persecution escalating over fifty more years. Grafton, David D. "Mission paradigms in the Pax Americana." Currents in Theology and Mission 32.5 (2005): 348-354. http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA138144023&v=2.1&u=vic_liberty&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=aab99e6642abf232be6352b7a7dc83c3 (Accessed August 26, 2015) Alexander the Great began the development of implementing Greek culture into the regions of Gaul, Arabia, and the Persian Empire. Pax Romana used this Greek influence to help develop road systems for the areas governed by the Roman Empire. The Pax Romana united distant...
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...Pax Romania: Age of Augustan Today, we have many resources of arts and buildings left over by Roman people. Most significantly, these resources handed over by Roman period was distinctively survived really long time, and people still think they have outstanding values for today’s studies. It brings me an attention to write this paper on the great Augustan period when it is better known for the Golden ages of Roman era. First empire begins with many civil wars within the empire by people of republicans and the great leaders like Julius Caesar. At the Caesarian time, people were greatly pleasured with wealth and strength of nation. However, when the many of nation’s senates set up an assassination of Caesar, and bring the nation back to republican nation, the nation, again, shakes in civil wars and fights amongst themselves. Therefore, heroic character rises into this chaotic time of Rome, C. Octavius. He is stepson of Caesar who was inherited in power by Caesar. By it means, people had much interest in him, and he was served in people’s favor. One fact that he is well known for many of his work in the beginning of Roman empire, I was driven to his life and accomplishments. “At a time when the whole world is still facing after-war prob-lems of rehabilitation, material and spiritual, and in the bewilder-ment of chaos needs light from every source, it occurred to me that it would be of value to review the great period of Roman reconstruction, the Augustan age, to see if from the...
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...recognize the change. However, with a drawn out decline, like that of the Roman Empire, that lasted around hundred or more years, it is very difficult to predict or be cognizant of, the dramatic change that is occurring. Like the frog, everything...
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...Howard Bean Professor Lilia Anand HIEU 201-B05 LUO July 29, 2011 Timeline Exercise Union of Upper and Lower Egypt: 2900 B.C. The union of Upper and Lower Egypt was important the development of Western Civilization because it was where the essential and remembered elements of the Egyptian civilization were established and finalized as well as when the pyramids where built that thousands of people visit every year. The union of Upper and Lower Egypt was accomplished when Narmer, or Menes, conquered the Nile Delta and Lower Egypt. Doing this centralized Menes’ rule and began construction of the great pyramids; during the times of the construction of the pyramids. The pyramids were giant tombs for Egypt’s pharaohs who were ,at that time, considered to be both man and god, who was the absolute ruler of the land and decided whether Egypt would flourish or not. In the pyramids “pyramid text” or hieroglyphics, which were an early form of writing using pictures represented words or sounds, was written on the walls of the tombs. Under Menes’ rule the first Egyptian dynasty was formed, and Egyptian cities became the center of religion and government. The union of Lower and Upper Egypt or Old Kingdom is what the later Egyptians looked to for their future decisions believing the ways of the Old Kingdom, or their ancestors, were best. The Conquests of Alexander the Great: 356-323 B.C. The conquests of Alexander the great was important to the development of Western Civilization...
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...They gained their power from conquering other civilizations and empires. At one point, Rome had the entire Mediterranean under their control. It had one of the greatest armies, logical architecture, and beautiful art. So why did the great empire fall? Despite being a great civilization, Rome still had it’s fair share of problems to deal with in their own way. First of all, disease and disasters would be a problem for any of the great civilizations in the Mediterranean. The measles, a rash and blight of the Roman Empire, spread throughout most empires concerning even the greats like Rome. Not to mention Rome was home to some traumatizing natural disasters including the earthquake...
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...The name Babylon means “Gate of God”. The location of the ancient city was along the Euphrates River and today is marked by a long stretch of ruins east of the river. Which is ninety kilometers south of Baghdad, Iraq. This was one of the main trading points of the ancient world because of its central location. Some important events that happened there are things that have shaped the way we live today and we still use the 24 hour day they created this form of counting has survived for four thousand years. Another important event that happened there was the building of the tower of Babel the people built this tower to try and reach Heaven. It was most likely that the tower was used as a place of worship and to create a common religious Centre, Gods only merciful alternative was to separate the people into different languages and countries to disable there plans. Because he had also promised himself never to destroy the earth with floods again because of the disobedience of mankind. So the punishment was quite mild compared to the global flood. “Archaeologists have dreamed of finding the ruins of the tower but have been unsuccessful. There may be biblical evidence as to why they have not found this tower of extreme significance” (Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas) The story is much more than God simply interrupting a building project but it marks the origins of the languages and nations of the earth. “Babylon is even home to one of the Seven Wonders of the World, The Hanging Gardens...
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...10-10:50AM Chapter 11- Mediterranean Society: The Roman Phase The Romans created a centralized government, legal system and means of bureaucracy starting with the Etruscans that dominated Italy from the 8th to 5th century B.C.E. The Roman republic had elected representatives and a general republic constitutions of two consuls: civil and military. Consuls were elected by an assembly, dominated by the patricians (civilians). The senate usually advised the consuls and ratified major decisions. Both senate and consul represented the interests of these patricians. However, the Roman empire shifted from a Republic government to an empire shortly after their republican reign because of imperial expansion and domestic problems. Many military commanders recruited rural and poor civilians who also happened to be intensely loyal to their commanders and the civil war cause. Furthermore, the expansion of the republic prompted Rome to become a preeminent power in the East and West Mediterranean. This led up to the Conflict with Carthage and Hellenistic realms. Fortunately, the Roman empire still had a successful expansion. The Roman empire had a very stoic, disciplined and trained legion of men. Roman empire also featured a good agricultural economy which was capable of feeding a large population; this allowed the Roman population to grow. Generally, the Roman government was lenient and flexible and very tolerant of different beliefs and cultures. Roman leaders even made citizens out of some conquered...
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...How did the Roman army and the application of Roman law serve to transmit Roman culture and values in the provinces (areas)? You may address topics such as language, veteran’s settlements, citizenship, marriage, gender, legal principles and other social concepts. Prior to the Roman Republic the Etruscans conquered Rome, owning the mainland and its people which had a major influence the Roman civilization. Rome was turned into a city and the Romans had now adopted the Eutruscans alphabet, fashion and its army as well as introducing trade. The Roman army especially had an influence on the Growth of civilization when peace was established during the Pax Romana. Such peaceful conditions also promoted trade which was a very important aspect of Roman society. Roman laws and the growth of the Roman Empire were the two aspects which affected Roman religious beliefs. As Rome conquered the majority of Europe many of the different religions were introduced and later accepted in Rome to unite people. Religion was divided into two, the Gods which watched over people and their families and the pater familias who was in charge of the household worship that honoured them. A few centuries later Christianity was born. During the Pax Romana the Roman army has had a major influence on the civilization of Rome. The Roman culture made a wide spread throughout many of Western Europe including countries such as Britain and Spain. As Rome’s current Emperor, Augustus’ establishment of peace meant...
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...Augustus (Octavian) Caesar was an extremely important man in the Roman Empire. He united Romans and brought them many great feats and a desperately needed time of peace. He brought victory through many civil wars, brought forth a constitutional settlement, and unified and strengthened the Empire. When Augustus came into power Rome had been experiencing some civil warring. These wars had started in the Late Republic between 146 and 27 B.C.E because of the huge divide between the classes. The rich were gaining more wealth and the poor were becoming even more poor. This split caused much tension and hostility. By 31 B.C.E Augustus had successfully won the civil war. He had lead his people to victory and began fixing the issues throughout the Roman Empire. The next thing Augustus Caesar did was create a constitutional settlement in 27 B.C.E. He managed to create a government ruled by an Emperor that still had the appearance of a republic. This was especially important because the Roman people despised one person rule. When one person was in charge they become greedy and abuse their power in the eyes of the Roman people. This is why anyone who took over ruling Rome for...
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...amount they were used, which changed as nations and empires rose and fell; the goods and ideas that traveled the roads after Europe and Asia increased their trading; and lastly the safety of the roads varied throughout this time period. However, the Silk Roads still experienced many continuities as well, for example their original purpose which was to facilitate the exchange of goods between Asia and Europe never changed; they continued to influence many cultures especially with the traveling of religions; and the Silk Roads have always had long term affects and influence on powerful empires. Towards the beginning of their patterns of interaction in 200 BCE, the Silk Roads were minimally used in East Asia. As time progresses, the roads increase as did empires such as Rome and Han who grew both economically and culturally due to usage of the roads. But, instability and economic pressures took a toll on the two empires, and when Rome fell in 476, the Silk Roads were used far less than how they originally were. The roads managed to pick up again as the Byzantine Empire in the east emerged and was able to prosper from usage of the already available roads. However, the Mongols come into play and invade the empire and end Byzantine’s era with the Silk Roads. In Western Europe, society was in the period called the Middle Ages where trade was minimal and feudalism/manorialism had taken the place of trade since the fall of the Roman empire. The Mongols, who had invaded Europe, are determined...
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...the fires, which of course to this day cannot be proved. It was believed that he was blamed because of his hatred towards the Christians. 2) HOW DID THE PAX ROMANA HELP THE SPREAD OF THE GOSPEL? Paul was able to travel through out the Mediterranean on his journeys because of the Pax Romana. Travel became so much easier during the Pax Romana because the Romans ran out pirates from the Mediterranean, and build roads in which to travel. These roads allowed the Romans to benefit from increased trade throughout the Empire. All in all, having all these open roads and such made it possible for the spread of the gospel. 3) HERESIES OF THE EARLY CHURCH THAT DEALT WITH MONOPHYSITISM Of all the eastern Christological heresies, monophysitism was the most contentious. Monophysitism was an eastern heresy, which as normally the case Christianity in the west didn't understand, and did not contribute to resolving, in any significant way such as in the Arian conflict as well as Nestorianism. Monophysitism had begun as the antithesis of Nestorianism. Nestorius had been accused of teaching a dual Christ, Eutyches, an archimandrite from Constantinople, presented a profound anti-Nestorian view, at the Council of Ephesus. (Tredway 1999) (Barker 2005) (Kirby 1999) Bibliography Barker, Jason J. Pax Romana. 2005....
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...Civilizations have had many achievements, but downfalls as well. Golden ages have occurred for centuries. Golden ages are times of peace and prosperity. Rome and India have made large impacts in helping the world. Pax Romana and the Gupta Golden Age led to major successes and influences. Pax Romana was a time of great accomplishment in Rome. It was a period of peace, as Pax Romana means ‘Roman Peace’. Lasting 200 years, it began with Emperor Augustus and came to a close after Marcus Aurelius. During this time, peace, unity, order, and prosperity flourished. Romans brought Greek concepts into their own ways. This included the use of columns, such as Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Other architectural achievements include the use of...
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...grave mistakes we can learn from. So take a dive into the past; into the history of the Romans - a diverse culture that is the foundation for society today. Geography: Though the Roman empire’s territory was vast, the capital and most important location was the city of Rome and the surrounding areas. Rome and the surrounding areas...
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