...China Microfinance Industry Assessment Report By He Guangwen, Du Xiaoshan, Bai Chengyu, and Li Zhanwu China Association of Microfinance Feb. 17, 2009 This report has been jointly accomplished by Prof. He Guangwen, Director of Rural Finance and Investment Research Center of China Agricultural University (CAU), Prof. Du Xiaoshan, Deputy Director of Rural Development Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and Chairman of Board of Directors of China Association of Microfinance (CAM), Mr. Bai Chengyu, Director of Division III of China International Centre for Economic and Technical Exchange (CICETE) and Secretary General of CAM with the support of the Network Strengthening Program (NSP) of CAM. Mr. Li Zhanwu, Division Director of Ministry of Human Resource and Social Security, Dr. Li Lili of Henan University of Finance and Economics, Dr. Zhang Zhengping, Associate Professor of Beijing Technology and Business University, Dr. Yang Jing of Beijing Material College, and Li Yaning, Yang Lu and Wang Dan from CAU have also joined the research work. Besides, this report has obtained the guidance and assistance from Ms. Wang Dan, Managing Deputy Secretary General of CAM, and the experts of SEEP. Mrs. Wang Li, President of Social Responsibility Department of Citi China has provided strong administrative and professional support. Hereby, special thanks should be given to the above fellows. For more information, pls contact Prof. He Guangwen at heguangwen@sina.com 1 ...
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...The Influence of Internet Finance for SME Financing in China Introduction Currently, SME (Small And Medium-size enterprises) is the foundation of promoting national economy development, constructing the subject of market economy and promoting the development of social stability in China (Wang, 2011). In recent years, the economic situation has experienced dramatic change and this huge variation stimulates financing needs of SMEs in China greatly. Nevertheless, the majority of SMEs have financing difficulties due to their personal limitations and insufficient external support. As a result, it is hard for them to have a further development. With the advent of the information technology revolution, Internet Finance is considered as a new effective way to solve the financial difficulties of SMEs and it brings about many positive influences, although there are some negative aspects to improve. This essay will firstly inform background information about the reasons for SME financing difficulty as well as Internet finance’s current condition. Additionally, it will give evidence for the main argument that there are more positive influences than negative influences of Internet finance on minor enterprises’ financing issue. Finally, some practical suggestions will be put forward, helping Chinese SMEs to find the optimal choice in financing. Background There are more SMEs in China than before in accordance with the relevant statistics. According to Wang (2011), SMEs account for 99...
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...Key words: Small and medium-sized Companies (SMEs); Financing. Introduction SMEs are the necessary power for economy growth. As Beck and Demirguc-Kunt (2005, p2932) said that there was robust partial connection between the importance of SMEs in manufacturing and economic development. According to Ayyagari (2007), formal SMEs contribute to 50% of GDP on average in developing countries and World Bank views SMEs as a core element in developing economy and employment. In China, the number of registered SMEs exceeds 40 million, accounting for more than 99 per cent of enterprises. As a private sector, SME has become a driving force since the economy began to recover in 1978 (Fan, 2007). And it makes up more than 70 percept of the GDP. According to Brookfield, SMEs can be regarded as unquoted small businesses and a medium for self-employment of the owners that are organized by few individuals, typically a family group and act as a medium for self-employment of the owners. In China, the government gives a definition about SMEs in the SME Promotion Law. The scale of production and operation belonging to various forms of ownership are small-and medium-sized enterprises. The main body of this paper is structured into two sections. Section one concentrates on source of finance for SMEs. Section two...
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...Rural Finance Opportunities in China By Alison Kennedy and Albert Chan From the steppes of Inner Mongolia to the tropical islands of Hainan Province, half of rural Chinese households lack access to banks or other formal financial services. With central government blessing, that will change over the next decade. But Chinese and multinational players considering this vast and variegated market will need innovative marketing and business models, a taste for on-theground campaigning, and patience. 1 2 Hidden in plain sight: the other economic miracle The popular narrative of China’s economic rise has been overwhelmingly urban and state-sponsored, from glittering architectural wonders rising up in Shanghai to new high speed railway lines and the growing appetite for cars and branded luxury goods. 3 Edited by Foxit Reader Copyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2007 For Evaluation Only. Government investment and private finance have indeed focused mainly on the country’s large cities, particularly along the eastern coastal provinces. That’s just half the story. Rural China, with between 50 and 56 percent of the population, or close to 700 million people, has emerged from the shadows and come of age economically. This vast collection of farms, villages, and towns in secondary coastal and inland provinces is now attracting attention from the Chinese central government, multinational corporations, investors, and local companies. Many larger Chinese enterprises...
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...The Transformation of China from an Emerging Economy to a Global Powerhouse James R. Barth, Gerard Caprio Jr., and Triphon Phumiwasana Abstract Throughout the past three decades of fast growth, China has undergone tremendous structural changes in its economy and financial system. This chapter examines China’s evolving financial landscape so as to assess whether it can catch up with or even drive economic growth. China has achieved remarkable growth over the past quarter of a century despite a relatively inefficient financial system. Just as the public sector around the world has not proved to be an efficient manager of enterprises, it also has not been an efficient manager of banks. A solution that would seem to work in theory would be to grow the private sector’s role in the banking system, using banks that operate on market principles as a way to continually starve inefficient enterprises of credit, while supplying credit to the productive enterprises. Finding a way to make this work in practice will require both finesse and good fortune on a scale commensurate with China’s growing importance in the world economy. Keywords Bank Á Banking sector Á Financial market Á Big Four Á GDP Á Economic growth Á Financial system Á Trade Á Renminbi Á Exchange rate Á India Á Foreign exchange reserve Á Non-performing loan 1 Introduction China has captured the attention of the world with its unprecedented growth for such a big country during the past 30 years. At an average rate of 9...
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...banking reforms has been to give incentives to the financial institutions to become more aggressive, commercial entities. Such strategy has limited the competition between such institutions and only affects the agencies that perform similar tasks. However, banks in China have not been allowed complete autonomy, and are expected to comply with government directives that who often place strategies to be used by banks to improve their profitability and their solvency. Different classes of banks are currently operating in China, with different structures and serving different functions. First, the wholly state owned banks. Second, “equitized” commercial banks or banks that were wholly state-owned and were turned into join stock firms in which the government is the major stockholder. Third, includes a mixture of local banks, with municipal governments as principal stockholders. Forth, join-stock commercial banks that were founded after the beginning of the China’s banking reforms and with relatively low levels of government ownership. The Chinese banking industry was entirely dominated by wholly state-owned banks, some of those banks are: the Bank of China, China Construction Bank and the Agricultural Bank of China among others. In the early 2000’s, the Chinese government initiated a conversion of the wholly state-owned banks into joint-stock corporations and called them “Equitized...
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...Information Sharing and the effect on the supply of credit B.Sc. Thesis Finance Date: 2011-5-29 Name: Martijn Verwijs1 (Anr: 272713) Thesis supervisor: Erik von Schedvin 1 Email: m.m.verwijs@uvt.nl Table of contents Chapter 1: Introduction of the problem..................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Problem background........................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Research question ............................................................................................................................ 4 1.3 Empirical approach.......................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Main Findings.................................................................................................................................. 5 1.5 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2: Literature review ..................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3: Data overview ....................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 4: Empirical setup ...........................................................
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...INSTRUMENTS OF MONETARY POLICY IN CHINA AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS: 1994-2006 No. 187 February 2008 INSTRUMENTS OF MONETARY POLICY IN CHINA AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS: 1994–2006 Michael Geiger No. 187 February 2008 Acknowledgement: The author is grateful to: Kang Yitong, Yin Xiaobing and Chao Chen from the Graduate School of the People’s Bank of China (PBC) for all the help and discussions during his stay in Beijing, the Deutsche Bundesbank, the People’s Bank of China and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) for making this stay possible, an anonymous referee, Nicolas Schlotthauer and Zhang Bin for their valuable comments. In particular, to Peter Bofinger and Heiner Flassbeck for their helpful comments and suggestions. The views expressed and remaining errors are the author’s responsibility. UNCTAD/OSG/DP/2008/2 ii The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author and are not to be taken as the official views of the UNCTAD Secretariat or its Member States. The designations and terminology employed are also those of the author. UNCTAD Discussion Papers are read anonymously by at least one referee, whose comments are taken into account before publication. Comments on this paper are invited and may be addressed to the author, c/o the Publications Assistant, Macroeconomic and Development Policies Branch (MDPB), Division on Globalization and Development Strategies (DGDS), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Palais des...
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...THANKFUL To complete this research report, I want to give the sincere thankful to the teacher in Faculty of Banking and Finance of Industrial university of Ho Chi Minh City to create a change to me complete my training in during the time I study at class to the time I traing at Vietinbank Mien Trung agency. Specially, I want to give the sincere thankful to Miss. Nguyen Thi My Linh who always side by side and clear up and helping me complete my training. Thank to credit officer of the credit department at Vietinbank Mien Trung agency always introduce me during the time I training. Because my knowledge is limits so that I can not avoid the mistake, so that I want to hope the teacher will receive the opinion of the lecturer aim to my report is perfectly. Finally I wish the teacher in Faculty of Banking and Finance always have a good health, believe to can introduce and continuosly teach to next generations. Sincerely Ho Chi Minh city, March in 2014 Student Signature To Ngoc Thanh Phong COMMENTS OF VIETINBANK MIEN TRUNG AGENCY Ho Chi Minh city, ......, March , 2014 COMMENTS OF LECTURER Ho Chi Minh city, ......, March , 2014 Signature COMMENTS OF THE PRESENTATION LECTURER Ho Chi Minh...
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...international investors. The country of China is investing in the oil and energy market in the United States. This hurts the United States economy because it is taking money out of the American economy and putting it in China’s economy. During a financial crisis it is important to keep funds in the United States economy and not other countries. The United States manufacturing sector produces about 12 percent of the gross domestic product in the United States. The United States manufacturing plants produce 20 percent of the world manufacturing needs ( U.S. Department of Energy, n.d.). Manufacturing factories use a lot of energy. In the 21st century we are seeing a move to conserve energy by way of renewable energy. This move will not only save energy but save money spent on energy. The government of the United States has a good amount of renewable energy projects that they are working on in many of the states. These projects are only granted to people who live in that particular state. It is important that the United States manufacturing firms keeps investing and loaning money to their states to complete these energy projects. These projects will help cut international investors out of the United States manufacturing market. These state-by-state projects will keep generating money in the United States economy. During this financial crisis, the United States must do everything to generate money and stimulate this economy. The country of China is investing a lot of money into...
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...JARAF The Journal of applied research in accounTing and finance V O L U M E 3 , i s s U E 1 , 2 0 0 8 Old Wine in New Bottles: Subprime Mortgage Crisis – Causes and Consequences Michael Mah-Hui Lim Information Lost: A Descriptive Analysis of IFRS Firms’ 20-F Reconciliations Marlene Plumlee and R. David Plumlee Negative Goodwill: Issues of Financial Reporting and Analysis Under Current and Proposed Guidelines Eugene E. Comiskey and Charles W. Mulford Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1263280 JARAF The Journal of applied research in accounTing and finance Publication Information JARAF - The Journal of Applied Research in Accounting and Finance is a scholarly peerreviewed journal jointly published by The Centre for Managerial Finance at Macquarie Graduate School of Management and the Faculty of Economics and Business at The University of Sydney. All journal articles published in JARAF are subjected to double-blind peer-reviews by qualified international experts. Months of Distribution: July – December Current Edition: Volume 3, Issue 1 (2008) ISSN 1834-2582 (Print) ISSN 1834-2590 (Online) Editors Tyrone M. Carlin Professor of Financial Reporting & Regulation Faculty of Economics and Business The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Nigel Finch Director, Centre for Managerial Finance Macquarie Graduate School of Management Macquarie University NSW 2109 Australia Editorial Advisory Board Edward I. Altman Max L. Heine Professor...
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...CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AND BAD DEBT CONTROLLING Case: ANZ Vietnam LAHTI UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree program in International Business Thesis Spring 2013 Minh Thong To Lahti University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in International Business MINH THONG, TO Credit risk management and bad debt controlling Case: ANZ Vietnam Bachelor’s Thesis in International Business, 53 pages, 3 pages of appendices Spring 2013 ABSTRACT It can be seen that the Vietnamese economy in the first decade of the 21st century has a significant development in the banking sector. Commercial banks represent a big role in this development. The banks’ capital rose rapidly and became an important factor in Vietnamese economic growth. However, a negative side always follows the result of any growth. Expanding operation leads to debt rate increase in most commercial banks. Especially bad debts rate rose rapidly. Bad debts became a serious problem for the Vietnamese economy. When the amount of bad debts increases to a particular point, it will hinder the development as well as the operations of the banks. Due to this issue, controlling the bad debt rate is hard work for all commercial banks. There is no model of solution for all banks. According to specific characteristic of each bank, specific solutions to control bad debt rate are provided. However, those solutions seem to be not as effective as expected due to many reasons. When Vietnam became an official member of the World Trade...
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...Research Paper No. 2009/03 Source of Finance, Growth and Firm Size – Evidence from China Jun Du1 and Sourafel Girma2 January 2009 Abstract Using a comprehensive firm-level dataset spanning the period 1998-2005, this paper provides a thorough investigation of the relationship between firm size, total factor productivity growth and financial structure in China, controlling for the endogeneity of the latter. Generally, it finds financing source matters for firms of different size, and the extent to which financing source matters for firm growth is greater for small firms than big firms. Self-raised finance appears to be most effective in promoting small firms to grow, and bank loan seems to be more supportive to big firms. The relationship between size, finance and growth also depends on ownership. In addition, there exist strong complementarities between formal and informal finance, as well as between indigenous and foreign finance. Keywords: China, finance, firm size, growth JEL classification: O5, G2, L11, L25, O1 Copyright © UNU-WIDER 2009 1 Aston University, UK, e-mail: j.du@aston.ac.uk; 2 Nottingham University Business School, UK, e-mail: Sourafel.Girma@nottingham.ac.uk This study has been prepared within the UNU-WIDER project on Southern Engines of Global Growth, co-directed by Amelia U. Santos-Paulino and Guanghua Wan. UNU-WIDER gratefully acknowledges the financial contributions to the research programme by the governments of Denmark (Royal Ministry of Foreign...
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...ASIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Online Open Access publishing platform for Management Research © Copyright 2010 All rights reserved Integrated Publishing association Review Article ISSN 2229 – 3795 Non performing assets: Issues, Causes and remedial Solution Poongavanam.S H.O.D., Department of Management studies, Ranippettai Engineering College, Thenkaddapanthangal, Walaja Taluk, Vellore District. -632513 Tamil Nadu. s.poongavanam@gmailo.com ABSTRACT The banking industry has undergone a sea change after the first phase of economic liberalization in 1991 and hence credit management. While the primary function of banks is to lend funds as loans to various sectors such as agriculture, industry, personal loans, housing loans etc., in recent times the banks have become very cautious in extending loans, this is due to mounting nonperforming assets (NPAs). Therefore, an NPA account not only reduces profitability of banks by provisioning in the profit and loss account, but their carrying cost is also increased which results in excess & avoidable management attention. Apart from this, a high level of NPA also puts strain on a banks net worth because banks are under pressure to maintain a desired level of Capital Adequacy and in the absence of comfortable profit level, banks eventually look towards their internal financial strength to fulfill the norms thereby slowly eroding the net worth. Considering all the above facts banking industry has to give more importance to...
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...VICTORIOUS TEAM Countries For The Project for the Period 2011 : 1] China 2] India 3] USA Team Members and Students IDS : Nikita Bhivate A2604 ( U.S.A.) Li Jianwei A2394 ( China ) Tingting Hao A2319 ( India ) MBA 531 International Financial Management. Prof. Jayant Kanitkar. INTRODUCTION : Introduction Of China : During the period from 2007 to 2011, the whole world has been suffering from global economic recession and financial crisis. From US subprime to EU sovereign debt crisis, China, as the second largest economy in the world, experienced internal and external economic impacts. In the year of 2007, China’s economic development reached its pick. With the expectation of CNY appreciation, hot money flooded into China. As a result of this, the price of investment asset surged up sharply. The housing price tripled, and the Shanghai stock index reached to a historical level of 6300 from less than 3000 with in one year. The wealth effect from the high investment asset price stimulated consumption. Moreover, China was keeping its high net exports trading volume and fixed asset investment. The GDP growth rate exceeded 10%. However, the financial bubble broke in the US, and a chain reaction directly affected China. In 2008, all economic indictors shown that China’s development slowed down. Stock market can be regarded as the forecaster of economic. The Shanghai stock index dropped to 1900 from 6300. Affected by recession in international...
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