...significantly since religion and the military days, which are relevant to nursing and are responsible for its development as a profession. Nursing role was recognised for thousands of years, demonstrated by an interactive timeline of education. Religious nuns and monks established the care as an identity rather then profession. Presents how p.xiii until the evolution of nursing as a separate profession, nursing wasn’t recognised as a profession; it was a spiritual, vocational, and probably considered more of a nursemaid relationship, based as holistic care rather than integrally providing care. The purpose of this essay is firstly, to explore those significant historical periods along historical characters and their theories which influence the way care is planned and delivered in today’s context. Furthermore, This essay will examine some of the key theories which came about from the war, and its evolutionary influence on future nursing practices and theories. Before the Crimean War, unpaid, religious nuns and monks established the care for the sick, as mercy act, with no regular system. When the Crimean war began in 1853, the whole nature of nursing changed: the need in care increased, the requirement of help for the sick and injured people was growing rapidly. Nurses status change into saving life. Educated nurses served as army nurses since 1898. Therefore, the need for more than just spiritual care in the field increases and that is how nursing as a proper line of work began...
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...Mathematics was rarely taught to women at all. This was the start of Florence's passion for statistics that would later prove to be helpful in the delivery of her finding and efforts for sanitation in hospitals. * In 1837, while living at Embley Park, Florence claimed to hear the voice of God telling her that she had a mission in life. It took her several years of searching to identify that mission. This was the first of four occasions where said claimed to hear the voice of God. * Despite her family's disapproval, Florence announced her decision to attend vocational school to train to be a nurse. The expected role for a woman of her status at this time was to marry and have children. Women were not formally allowed to attend university until the late 1870s. So she went to Kaiserwerth in Prussia to experience a German training program for girls who would serve as nurses. Florence claimed this was the...
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...2008 Throughout history, wars have emphasized the need for nurses. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), the deficiency of care given to soldiers led to a public outcry in Great Britain. Florence Nightingale played an impressive role in addressing this problem. Florence Nightingale was born in Italy on May 12, 1820 into a rich, upper class, wealthy and intellectual family. She believed she was “called by God to help others and to improve the well-being of mankind.” She was determined to become a nurse despite societal restrictions and opposition from her family. She received three months of training in nursing in Kaiserwerth in 1847. After studying in Paris with the Sisters of Charity, she returned to England to assume the position of superintendent of a charity hospital for ill governesses (Kozier, 2004). During the Crimean War, the poor sanitation and huge death toll inspired a few to help. Florence Nightingale became the best known of these sojourners. She organized a battlefield nursing service to care for the British sick and wounded (Hunt, 2005). She and her nurses found wounded soldiers being badly cared for. There was a short supply of medicines, hygiene was being neglected, and mass infections were common. Men were kept in rooms without blankets or decent food. Many were still wearing their army uniforms stiff with dirt. Diseases such as Typhus and Cholera were the main reasons why the death rate was so high. Nightingale and her nurses transformed the military hospitals...
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...with the view, expressed in source M that Mary Seacole was treated differently from Florence Nightingale because she was black? Throughout her time helping soldiers in the Crimean War, May Seacole was admired for her skills as a nurse. On her return to England, her reputation was forgotten whilst Florence Nightingale was exalted. Source M implies that the differing treatment of these two women was as a result of racial prejudice: Mary Seacole was forgotten because of the colour of her skin. Source L attributes Mary’s different treatment to her behaviour and abilities as a nurse rather than the colour of her skin. Therefore, whilst the issue of race can not be ignored, I believe that Mary Seacole was simply seen as a less able nurse and thus was treated differently to Florence Nightingale. Florence Nightingale (Source L) outlines a number of reasons why she would not provide Mary Seacole with a reference or employment during the Crimean War. She quotes ‘drunkenness’ and the rumour that Seacole ran a ‘bad house’ (i.e. brothel). Nightingale also implies that Seacole duped the Officers of the Army into believing that she cared for the soldiers and that Nightingale herself knew the truth. This is not explicitly about the colour of Mary’s skin. There seem to be questions over Seacole’s ability as a nurse. In a time when nursing was becoming increasingly professional, concerns might well have been raised over the less formal training Seacole received in Jamaica as a child and could...
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...Florence Nightingale was a legend in her lifetime and was one of the greatest pioneer's in nursing. She lived ninety years and accomplished many great things for the field of nursing. Her descriptions of nursing, health, environment, and humankind are remarkable and still true to this day. Nightingale reformed nursing and changed the way nursing was viewed. Some of the issues during Nightingale's time, the 1800's, we still face today. Nightingale not only impacted nursing in the 1800's, but also still has an effect on nursing today. We do not need a new role model and icon for nursing because Nightingale changed the nursing profession for the better and that should never be forgotten. Nightingale was born on May 12, 1820 in Florence, Italy; thereby being named after the city where she was born. Her family was from England, and lived during the Victorian era. While touring Europe on their two-year long honeymoon, Nightingale was born. Her parents William Edward Nightingale and Frances Smith Nightingale were a very wealthy couple. Nightingale had a sister named Parthenope who was about a year older (Davis, 1999). William Nightingale was well educated, at Cambridge University in England and he taught his daughters at home. William Nightingale taught his daughters to speak Italian, Latin, and, Greek. He also taught them history, philosophy, and math; math was one of Florence's favorite subjects to study (Audian, 1999). Florence's father gave her the education equivalent...
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...Jeanine Maine Historical Development of Nursing Timeline History can be defined as a study of events that link the past to the present. It also examines how those events have continued to impact and influence events throughout time. The nursing profession is intricately tied to historical influences throughout the ages. Exploring and understanding the history of nursing allows one to achieve an appreciation the role nursing has played in the advancement of the healthcare system. Ninetieth Century Florence Nightingale, conceivably the most famous nurse in history; was well known for making nursing a reputable profession for women, and bringing it to the forefront of the professional world. Wars were increasing during the ninetieth century, and as a result, the demand for nurses had grown exponentially (Nursing Theory, 2013). In 1854, the Crimean War erupted. Nightingale had learned the British troops had no nurses to care for their injured troops while the French had nursing nuns caring for their injured. Nightingale, with a group of nurses, served in the Crimean War by organizing hospitals to help improve the general conditions of the facilities. “In fact, most British soldiers were dying from disease rather than from injuries incurred on the battlefield” (Egenes, n.d.). Nightingale set out on a crusade to methodically scrub the soldiers’ barracks and hospital ward, and allow fresh air in. The death rate had radically decreased within months (Egenes, n.d.). Nightingale had...
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...Different Era in the History of Nursing From Dark Ages to Renaissance (THE MIDDLE AGES) During the late middle Ages (1000-1500) -the crowding and poor sanitation in the monasteries nurses went into the community. During this era hospitals were built and the number of medical schools increases. Between 1500 and 1860 (A.D.) -the Renaissance all affected nursing. As nursing was not valued as an intellectual endeavor it lost much of its economic support and social status. The nursing conditions were at their worst and have been called the dark period of nursing. New hospitals had been built but quickly became places of horror as unsanitary conditions caused them to be a source of epidemics and disease. In 1545 -the council of Trent decreed that every community of women should live in strict enclosure. It took over 200 years of resistance for women to overcome this decree. The nursing sisters of France made little or no resistance such that their professional standards deteriorated. In the late 1500's - several groups began nursing and tending the sick, poor, and dying. These groups were St. Francis de Sales, the Order of the Visitation of Mary, St. Vincent DePaul, the Sisters of Charity, Dames de Charite', Louise le Gras, Brothers Hospitallers of St. John, Albuquerque, Order of St. Augustine, St. Camillas De Lellis, Jeanne Biscot, and the Nursing Sisters of St. Joseph de La Fleche. Many of these people came from rich and influential families. The...
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...and foundation of nursing, nurses can develop a sense of professional identity and build a better future for the profession and the people they serve” (Ic.gcumedia.com, 2013).The American Association for the History of Nursing (AAHN) seeks” to foster the importance of history as relevant to understanding the past, defining the present, and influencing the future of nursing.” (About AAHN, 2007) It also helps us to see the role nursingeducation plays in developing nurse s equipped with critical thinking skills,accountability, empathy, leadership, managerial skills, and the ability forindependent decision making and working as a vital member of the health care team. 1-The trend fromrudimentary beginnings to well developed training schools, standards of regulations, and licensure and nursing theories. Crimean war (1853-1856) and the civil war (1861-1865), fought by theBritish and Americans respectively helped demonstrate the effectiveness ofskilled nursing in improving outcomes of sick and injured soldiers. (Creasia &Friberg 2011). This lead to the opening of nursing schools. Today, nursing education is still vital to keep up with the ever changing nursing practice. Nursing theorists include Rogers, Orem, Neuman, Roy, and others. Their theories provide a distinct view of nursing, separate from medicine and other health professions.(Nursing Time Line of History events) 2-Infection control- During the Crimean war(1853-1856), Florence Nightingale...
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...Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale OM, RRC | | Born | 12 May 1820 Florence, Tuscany | Died | 13 August 1910 (aged 90) Park Lane, London, United Kingdom | Nationality | British | Institutions | Selimiye Barracks, Scutari King's College London[1] | Known for | Pioneering modern nursing | Notable awards | Royal Red Cross (1883) Lady of Grace of the Order of St John (LGStJ) Order of Merit (1907) | Early life Florence Nightingale was born on May 12, 1820, in Florence, Italy. She was the younger of two children. Nightingale's affluent British family belonged to elite social circles. Her mother, Frances Nightingale, hailed from a family of merchants and took pride in socializing with people of prominent social standing. Despite her mother's interest in social climbing, Florence herself was reportedly awkward in social situations. She preferred to avoid being the center of attention whenever possible. Strong-willed, Florence often butted heads with her mother, whom she viewed as overly controlling. Still, like many daughters, she was eager to please her mother. "I think I am got something more good-natured and complying," Florence wrote in her own defense, concerning the mother-daughter relationship. Early life Embley Park, now a school, was one of the family homes of William Nightingale. Young Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born on 12 May 1820 into a rich, upper-class, well-connected British family at the Villa Colombaia...
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...Nursing is one of the many subcultures that plays an extremely vital role in society and the healthcare system. Nursing is the profession of observing symptoms, reactions, and progress of patients; administering medications; promotion of health; prevention of diseases; and rehabilitating patients of all ages, ethnicities, and communities. Although the nursing subculture has different values and philosophy about the practices of the profession, many nurses take care of their patients according to their medical knowledge, norms, and ethics. In this essay, I will discuss the history and culture of nursing as well as the beliefs, values, and behaviors of nurses and how they are viewed in society. The history of professional nursing began with...
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...nineteenth century, it was the exact opposite. Having to seek medical attention at a hospital was death sentence due to the lack of sanitation, overcrowded conditions, and lack of light and ventilation. Factors such as the location of the hospital strongly influenced overall survival rates, heavily populated areas such as, London were believed to have higher death rates compared to a hospital in a rural area. Moreover, Florence Nightingale played a significant role in revolutionizing the hospital setting and care. There were several significant changes in how hospitals operated in the mid nineteenth century as compared to earlier periods. Before the nineteenth century, hospitals were not necessarily used to take care of sick; they were actually used to house people with leprosy and as a refuge for the poor. It was during the Age of Enlightenment when there was a distinction between treating...
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...indigent women that were not suitable for other worthy jobs. Nurses first organized into groups during the Christian Era with nursing ideas of charity, serving others, and self- sacrifice being in sync with the teachings of the Christian Church (Cook, 1942). Armies or churches provided most care to the sick before Nightingale's era; and healthcare didn't exist except in unsanitary, substandard conditions (Algood, 2002). Florence Nightingale took problems, created nursing theories, and instituted many changes during her career. One of the first things she did was train nurses during the Crimean War and organized care to the wounded soldiers. She rounded on the sick at night with her lamp to ensure that they were properly healing and this lead to the patient- centered care. With high mortality rates, she realized that the soldiers were dying not from their injuries, but from environmental effects from poor, unhygienic conditions. She developed the idea of "documenting proper use of air, light, warmth, cleanliness, and a good selection of diet with the aim of collecting and retrieving data to aid with proper patient management" (Cook, 1942). Along with proper documentation, Florence rallied for implementing and communicating all doctor's orders which contributed to the improvement and development of public health. She was a statistician and used graphs and charts to prove her theories. Her efforts during the Crimean War...
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...Gods.People used different ways to trat the sickness .Many more eras came and every nation intiated specific practices and contribution in the nursing or medical professions. 0. Florence Nightingale - The word "nurse" is synonymous with Florence Nightingale, the most famous nurse of all time. A British nurse who worked during the 19th century, Nightingale was a selfless nurse who braved harsh conditions in battle during the Crimean War. Also a statistician, Nightingale's dedication to reducing the deaths of British Army soldiers sproduced some groundbreaking findings on the living conditions of patients. Nightingale advocated cleanliness for all people in the hopes to reduce illness and death. 0. 0. Clara Barton - Clara Barton's name is almost as closely related to nursing as Florence Nightingale's. Barton is most famous for organizing the American Red Cross. A lifelong philanthropist in the 1800's, Barton was shocked at the number of lives lost in the Battle of Bull Run due to lack of medical supplies. After that, she traveled with medical teams during the war and assisted as a nurse. Amazingly, she had no formal medical training before her efforts in the war. 0. 0. Margaret Sanger - Margaret Sanger is one of the most famous nurses and women's liberation activists in the world. She advocated women's use of birth control, something that was not common in the early...
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...achieve. She wants to learn. She wants to pursue a life of service to those less fortunate than herself as a result of a "calling" she's had since God spoke to her when she was 17. She saw the devastating conditions of a public "hospital" in Middlesex and decides to become a nurse, a situation that horrifies her mother and confuses her father because during that time, nurses were considered as harlots or of low class. She decides to attend the Kaiserswerth Institute in Germany, the first school of nursing, a decision that devastates Richard Milnes, who has courted Florence, and who has asked for her hand in marriage.At the hospital for Gentlewomen, she begins to put her theories concerning hygiene and good mental health into practice, even though she comes up against resistence to her new methods by the staff, particularly the stern, imposing Nurse Davis. Richard waited for Florence to answer his marriage proposal but eventually, he became impatient to which Florence finally issues a definitive, "No." She states she has passions just as Richard does, but if she decides to satisfy them, she'll do so outside of marriage. Florence's greatest test of courage comes with the outbreak of the Crimean War. When the Crimean War breaks out, Florence is taken aback at the horrifying reports coming from the British Army detailing the treatment of soldiers...
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...The Leadership and Legacy of Florence Nightingale Pamela Passmore Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Roles and Practice/510 01/11/2015 Dolores Diehl The Leadership and Legacy of Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing. Her contributions and influence not only to the nursing profession, but to the public health care system, is unparalleled. She was instrumental in establishing multiple processes and practices that are still in current practice. She has influenced many nursing theorist and prevailing theories during her career. Many of her changes continue to influence theory development today. Before discussing the effects of Florence's influence, examining the existence of nursing theory before her contributions needs to be discussed. Before Florence's career, there were no standards or regulations for nursing as a practice, and as such, was not recognized as a formal profession. Nursing was seen as the lowest of occupations. "Nurses were expected to be uneducated and untrained" (Nursing History, 2012). Nurses learned through experience, not through formal training. During that period, nurses were generally from the lower classes with social standing little better than prostitutes. Shockingly to our professional standards of today, Horsley, 2010 stated that "Most nurses were alcoholics; they were permitted and were expected to drink alcohol while they worked (p. 4)". He further states, "It was customary for...
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