...Sex Roles DOI 10.1007/s11199-014-0418-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Are You Man Enough to be a Nurse? The Impact of Ambivalent Sexism and Role Congruity on Perceptions of Men and Women in Nursing Advertisements Kimberley A. Clow & Rosemary Ricciardelli & Wally J. Bartfay # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract Framed by role congruity and ambivalent sexism, the current study is designed to investigate perceptions of male and female nurses. Specifically, 167 Canadian undergraduates from Southern Ontario viewed a potential nursing recruitment advertisement (female nurse, male nurse, or masculinity emphasized male nurse), reported their perceptions of the nurse in the advertisement, and rated the appropriateness of nursing as a career for men and women. MANOVAs revealed that participants viewed the male nurses more negatively (less competent and more deviant) in the masculinity emphasized condition than the male nurse condition, which is consistent with role congruity theory. Correlations further revealed that men in the male nurse condition and women in the masculinity emphasized condition who were higher in hostile sexism were more likely to rate the depicted male nurse as deviant than their lower scoring peers. Female participants rated nursing as a more appropriate career for men than did male participants, suggesting that resistance toward male nurses may stem primarily from other men. The ambivalent sexism scores of men and women related differently in each...
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...Albanian Women in their Culture Sociology 101 CRN 70759 September 25, 2015 Abstract This paper examines some over views of the cultural diversity of women in Albania. In Northern Albania there are some women who had decided to take on a gender role of a man. I had some really interesting insight after reading authors’ facts and opinions on a woman’s role in Northern Albania. This paper will explain my insights I have learned from my research about women of Northern Albania. Women in Northern Albania had no liberal rights and were not equal to a man. In particular; what I wrote about in my findings of research was the Albanian women who decided to take on a gender role of a man in their society. Albanian Women in their Culture In this case, my researching of some Albanian women choosing to take the gender role of a man is understandable under their circumstances. I do look at this from a walk-in-my-shoes point of view. The best way to understand is with an open mind and considerate respect of Albanian’s culture. The question in our essay prompt; is can we use a standard “quality of life” evaluating people from their culture? Probably so; but in my research it would be hard not to avoid cultural relativism and or ethnocentrism in examining cultures different from our own. If I were to visit Northern Albania and have the opportunity to meet with these women who decided to take on the gender role of a man; I would not judge their actions of their choices. In amazement...
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...it makes women subordinate to men. This power is exerted in forms of masculinity. Masculine men are emotionless, strong, aggressive, competitive, and independent. They are able to show dominance over women because subordinate women contrast from these characteristics. In modern day however, male dominance is becoming less and less prevalent in society. Media including television shows, movies, and magazines, has begun to create a more womanlike, emotional masculinity. It is less emasculating than it used to be to act in stereotypically feminine ways. Women are objectifying men almost as much as men are objectify women. Having traits that are not stereotypically masculine has become an acceptable life for a man, creating uniformity between the two genders. The feminization of men in media is creating equality amongst men and women because it is empowering women to eradicate the traditional patriarchal structure. Putting men on display is opening the opportunity for women to judge and objectify men. As Bordo says in her article “Beauty (Re)discovers the Male Body,” “It is feminine to be on display” (135). Being put on display takes away a person’s freedom. It takes away the ability to be oneself, and welcomes self-consciousness, inferiority, and pain; all are very unmanly traits. In every issue of “Cosmopolitan,” the girls guide to everything, a Stud Meter ranks male celebrities from hot to not. On this month’s Stud Meter, Liam Hemsworth takes the top spot for his role in the new...
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...In today’s day and age, the fact that gender roles exist is undeniably true. Throughout history, women’s roles in society seem to be secondary to men. It is socially common to see a women’s job as completing household duties, in comparison to a male’s breadwinning role. Culture forms what some consider as masculine and feminine social norms of behavior, and differ in physical and emotional differences. Whether through family or the work place, females are more constricted by conventional gender roles. The existence of conventional gender roles between men and women, have changed over time, however, a level of social expectations to conform to the limitations of gender roles remain, which guide the idea of what some may believe to be a...
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...ENGAGMENT GLST 650 BY Walter A. Culup JANURARY 26, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………..….3 SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………….4 CRITICAL INTERACTION……………………………………………………………………...6 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………........9 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………………………….10 INTRODUCTION One of the debates which arises when we examine Christian ministry is: What is the role of women in the ministry? What does the Bible say about this topic? While no conclusion or consensus has been reached on the topic there are two view points and positions which have arisen to the forefront of the debate. First we have the egalitarian view which holds the position that ministerial opportunities should be equal for both men and women. Then we have the complementarian view which presents the belief that ministerial roles should be differentiated by gender. James Beck’s book TwoViews on Women in Ministry explores both of these positions by examining four articles, two of each opposing viewpoints along with three critical responses to each article. The goal of the text is to compare and contrast both positions, thus giving the reader enough information to form their own opinion and position on the topic. The editor of the book Dr. James Beck is a faculty member of Denver Seminary in the counseling department. Beck is a senior professor of counseling and a licensed clinical...
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...erosion of mens traditional roles. In the procreator section he explains how scientists have been trying to separate sex being the only way to reproduce. There are many cases these days in which males are just sperm donors. Men will donate their sperm to sperm banks in which their sperm will be frozen and men will no longer be needed to impregnate women physically. Opposed to biodiversity, the other downside to these scientists logics is that every other human being will just appear as another sperm donor’s child. These factors take away a traditional role for a man which is to be able to provide half of the production process. Scientists take away the nature portion of reproduction. Single women and lesbian couples who want to raise a child or children without the help of a man diminishes a man’s role as a father figure. In addition to the previous statement, independant women’s income is increasing making men less needed to support a woman or a family financially because the woman is financially independent and doesn’t need a man. A really great portion of Moloney’s article that I appreciated was how he described men as being fierce which allows them to be able to protect a woman, their children or the elderly from any harm. Moloney continues to explain that as opposed to men, women are also protectors. Women protect in ways such as protection towards their family, marriage generation and entities. Moloney said that this type of protection from women lasts far more longer than...
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...A Woman’s Role In Mankind Since the beginning of mankind and the early records of literature it has always been man that has been superior over women. Many see women as supporters of man and consider them naturally weaker than men. After reading and analyzing the early literatures of The Hebrew Bible and The Epic Of Gilgamesh I believe there is more to a women’s part in history than it appears. Whether it is for better or for worse it is apparent that women have played a key role in shaping the future of man. In genesis, the story of Eve has given men reasons to suppress women. Eve, although a women she played a vital part in the story. Eve was fist to be tempted by the serpent and the first to sin. It was the woman who was deceived. She could be identified as a temptress to Adam, the one you persuaded him to commit sin. This is why the role that Eve plays is similar to that of the serpent. In any case her part was not for the better of man. It portrays women as sinister and evil. In the story it justified that women are guilty for the misery that mankind had to suffer. In literature women did not always play as evil individuals that held back the potential of man. In The Epic of Gilgamesh it shows that women can be powerful with the ability to influence men with their delicacy and intellect. In the epic women represents not only power but also great wisdom. The Priestess Shamhat, the temple herlot is an example of that. She was able to tame the wild man, Enkidu. She used...
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...This essay will discuss the roles of women and their rights at different times and places in history. The three articles discussed in this essay, will look at how the view of women has changed throughout history. The first article discussed is about a woman Pharaoh named Hatshepsut. She was a woman that made herself a leader of one of the powerhouse countries of the time. Another article that will be discussed is in this essay is “Women of Saudi Arabia”. These women are working through adversity and trying to get equal rights. The last article that is discussed is “Women at Work”. This article focuses on how women can hold and achieve the same jobs a man can. These three, well written article, come together with one common theme. This theme...
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...Gender roles dictate the expected and accepted behaviour of a person based on their gender. These societal terms dominate the women of the novel Dracula, by Bram Stoker, due to a patriarchal society. Women are confined in a space in which their roles and duties are limited to men and specifically, their husbands. These beliefs are portrayed through the two protagonists, Lucy Waterna and Mina Harker as they live their lives according to assigned gender roles. The novel Dracula demonstrates socially constructed terms that decrease the value of women compared to men through Mina’s submissiveness to her husband, Lisa’s desires as a wife, and the ideology that only true women are pure. Mina writes a letter to Lucy, in which she says, “I want to keep up with Jonathan’s studies, and I have been practicing shorthand very assiduously. When we are married I will be able to be useful to Jonathan” (Stoker 79). In this context, Mina finds it necessary to learn a complex method of writing with abbreviations and symbols so she can...
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...Gender roles are a set of norms dictated by society that describe behaviors that are generally considered acceptable for a person based on their sex. These roles are acknowledged through both verbal and nonverbal messages from society. Babies in the hospital are wrapped in either a pink or blue blanket to show their gender, this is an unspoken gender message. When a boy on the playground decides to play with a doll that is lying around, other children might try and stop him, or even taunt him saying that dolls are for girls. This spoken message is one that is taught to children at a young age, not necessarily by their parents but by the culture surrounding them. Cultural messages are dictated by society to help shape perceptions of self and others. Cultural messages help to perpetuate gender roles in a variety of mediums, from television, to books, even the music people listen to. Music videos are a great way to view a culture’s message about gender. In all genres of music, men and women represent specific roles. Rap/Hip-hop, Rock, and Country music are all prime examples. Traditional male gender roles include things like always being in control, being tough, working hard, and being the primary caregivers for their families. Young boys are subjected to these behaviors from the very start. They hear it from their fathers, their peers, and others they look up to. Musicians use self-presentation to strategically act out a self in response to the expectations of their...
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...In society, it seems like men and women must follow the gender roles that were predetermined for them. In past generations men were expected to be out working and providing for the family. While the man was out, the woman was to always stay home and be a housewife. Presently there are more people who are going against these old stereotypes and following something new. These guidelines in which men and women are expected to have a certain role no longer have as much restriction, but negative things such as stereotypes still exist. Gender roles negatively impact both men and women because it pressures them to follow the traditional guidelines of society and be viewed as perfect. A negative outcome that can come as a result of gender roles are...
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...Danielle Weatherspoon Professor Robertson English 1102, Composition and Modern English II 30 March, 2014 Gender Roles Past & Present Both Fences and Trifles are plays concerning the difficulties of interactions between men and women. Glaspell's Trifles uses a murder mystery to portray a soured relationship between a husband and wife. One of the difficulties is that men and women have different interests and therefore take significance from different things. "While the men importantly bumble about trying to discover a motive, Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale solve the case right under their dull noses.” (3) Throughout Trifles you are shown how little things add up to big things when small unnoticed facts slip by the Sheriff, the County Attorney and Mr. Hale. Meanwhile the women discover critical evidence. They determine that Minnie Wright, after social abandonment and a silent death, was likely provoked to kill her husband. Although Mrs. Wright says she was asleep at the time of her husband's death, the women find clues in the way that she kept her kitchen and are able to follow her thinking and conclude otherwise. The men only note that it the house is not well kept. The lack of communication and great difference in areas of concern show the men and women of Trifles completely different views of the matter at hand. In the kitchen pantry, the women can remember what it was like for themselves to have picked and preserved their fruit; and understood why Mrs. Wright...
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...Topic: The causes and effects of the changes of the traditional male role. With the development of the society, the conventional man role has changed significantly step by step in many aspects, which is a serious and realistic issue for many countries around the world and it makes many people confused and worried. In this essay, the reasons of why the traditional gender role has changed would be talked about in two fields, the realization of the women and the appearance of the femininity and homosexual of the men. Besides, the effects on people after the change of male role would be presented clearly and logically, mainly in three angles, the workplace and society competition, the sense of inferiority of the men and the guilt of the females to the children. Firstly, the traditional male role is really very familiar with the majority of people all over the world. The conventional pattern of female and male role in many countries was that nine tenths of the women stayed at home every day taking care of the children and their husband and doing some housework like cooking, washing clothes, this sort of thing during their whole lives. They hardly never think about their career and did the same thing as the men did. For men, they had to earn a lot of money to support the living of their families and turned over almost all of their income to the households (Tiger, 2000). At that time, both women and men thought it was an equal and right division of responsibility of them. Meanwhile,...
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...paying jobs women are starting to step to the plate and play a bigger role. Women are starting to be more permissible doing more than just work in the house. In todays society women are starting to practice the same rights as men. They're now permitted to voice their opinions in ways like never before. In 2018 women are finally being heard. Some relationships between women, and men are being altered all around the world,...
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...critique: two views on women in ministry ___________________ A Paper Presented to Dr. Dietmar Schulze Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary ___________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course THEO 530 Systematic Theology II ___________________ by Peter Heikkinen February 17, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………..….1 SUMMARY…………………………………………………………………………………….1-3 EGALITARIAN EQUALITY…………………………………………………………..1-2 COMPLIMENTARIAN ROLES…………………………………………………….…2-3 CRITICAL INTERACTION……………………………………………………………………3-6 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………....6-7 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………………....8 Introduction Within Christian controversial topics that divide the Church as a whole Woman in Ministry is one of the most divisive. The two main sides of this debate are; egalitarian’s who believe there are no role differences in gender to authority or teaching in the church biblically. The complementarian view also known as the traditional view holds that men have a position of authority before God in church teaching and authority in the church and home governing. James Beck gathers four New Testament scholars two for each side on the issue and sets out to show case two arguments for each side and room for rebuttal in consideration of the New Testament scripture dealing with woman in ministry. With my own view being that of a soft complementation; women have a role in teaching and authority...
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