...signals Ascents Fun and skill practice Exit and debrief Performance Requirements: By the end of this confined water dive, the student will be able to: 1. Don and adjust mask, fins, snorkel, BCD, scuba and weights with the assistance of a buddy, instructor or certified assistant. 2. Inflate/deflate a BCD at the surface using the low-pressure inflator. 3. In shallow water, demonstrate proper compressed air breathing habits; remembering to breathe naturally and not hold the breath. 4. In shallow water, clear a regulator while underwater using both the exhalation and purge-button methods and resume breathing from it. 5. In shallow water, recover a regulator hose from behind the shoulder while underwater. 6. In shallow water, clear a partially flooded mask while underwater. 7. Swim underwater with scuba equipment while maintaining control of both direction and depth, properly equalizing the ears and mask to accommodate depth changes. 8. While underwater, locate and read the submersible pressure gauge and signal whether the air supply is adequate or low based on the gauge’s caution zone. 9. In shallow water, breathe underwater for at least 30 seconds from an alternate air source supplied by another diver. 10. While underwater, recognize and demonstrate standard hand signals. 11. Demonstrate the techniques for a proper ascent. 12. Student time for fun and skill practice. 13. Exit and debrief. Confined Water Dive Two Overview Pre-dive safety...
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...Homework 3 Solutions 1. What indirect evidence provides us with information about Earth’s interior? Many pieces of evidence provide information about Earth’s interior, including meteorites, volcanic rock inclusions from the mantle, and laboratory experiments; however, we gain the most insight about Earth’s interior from the study of the behavior of seismic waves. 2. How do we know that the Earth’s interior is layered? We know that Earth’s interior is layered because seismic waves (S and P waves) refract and reflect at layer boundaries. Earth’s changing magnetic field also provides evidence of a layered Earth, because it indicates that some portion of Earth’s interior is composed of liquid metal, since fluid motions within this molten layer are thought to generate Earth’s magnetic field. 3. How do we know that the outer core is liquid? S-waves shadow zones (the lack of direct S wave energy arriving to regions located on the opposite side of the Earth from the earthquake focus) are the best evidence that the outer core is liquid. 4. How do we know that the mantle is solid? Where does Earth’s magnetic field originate? A solid mantle is indicated by the fact that S waves (which can only pass through solid material) can pass through the mantle. 5. Has Earth’s magnetic field always been oriented toward the present-day North Pole? Explain. No, studies of seafloor rocks and continental volcanic rocks indicate that Earth’s magnetic field reverses itself at random...
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...“Capacity analysis of underwater acoustic MIMO communications” A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Bachelor of Technology In Electronics and Communication Engineering Under the guidance of Prof. Poonam Singh Completed by: Sunil Gautam Panda (108EC003) Birupaksha Bhattacharjee (108EC031) National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 2008-2012 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Capacity analysis of underwater acoustic MIMO communications” submitted by Mr. Sunil Gautam Panda and Mr. Birupaksha Bhattacharjee for partial fulfilment for the requirement of Bachelor in Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela is an authentic piece of work carried out by them under my guidance and supervision. To the best of my knowledge, the matter in this thesis has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree. Prof. Poonam Singh Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology, Rourkela Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It would not have been possible to complete and write this project thesis without the help and encouragement of certain people whom we would like to deeply honour and value their gratefulness. We would like to highly appreciate the constant motivation and encouragement shown by our supervisor and guide Prof. Poonam Singh, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering...
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...Daphnia magma are a vital part of the aquatic ecosystem. Daphnia such a vital role to the ecosystem because they play an important part in the aquatic food web (Miner et al., 2012). Due to the increase of global warming their environment has experienced an increase in exposure to UV light. When exposed to UV light, Daphnia swim deeper into the water. This natural movement in response to light is called phototaxis. Daphnia have been utilized as test subjects due to their simplicity and the environmental impact on their survival. Research has shown that UV light has a negative effect on Daphnia due to the phototactic response they display when exposed to UV light (Storz and Paul., 1998). High exposure to ultraviolet light is harmful to the...
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...Midterm Study Guide Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8 Chapter 5 - Consciousness 1. Definition of arousal, awareness, and consciousness 2. Know and distinguish between the Levels of Consciousness (e.g. controlled processes, automatic processes, altered states of consciousness, etc.) 3. Know elements of the subconscious (i.e. incubation) 4. Define circadian rhythm and circumstances that might disrupt it. 5. Know the different stages of sleeping and when dreaming occurs. 6. Know and identify sleeping disorders (i.e. sleep apnea, sleep walking, narcolepsy, night terrors) 7. Know about dream interpretation. a. Psychodynamic (Freud) – latent and manifest dream content. b. Cognitive interpretation of dreams c. Activation-synthesis interpretation of dreams 8. Know definition of drug addiction and tolerance Example questions: It is the end of the month and Cindy has several bills yet to pay, but she does not have much money left. She spends most of the day thinking how she is going to make the payments. Later, while watching TV, she finds a solution to her problem. Cindy is demonstrating: A. metacognition. B. awareness. C. controlled processing. D. incubation. Which of the following statements is true of the cognitive theory of dreaming? A. The theory rests on the idea that dreams are essentially conscious noncognitive processing. B. According to the theory, there is an essential search for the hidden, symbolic content of dreams. ...
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...Lifestyle Gender More t in males than in females Environment Exposure to Pathogens: S. Pneumoniae, H. Influenza, Lagionella, P. Aureginosa, other gram (-) rods and viruses Exposure and inhalation of Secondhand smoke and other chemical pollutants Smoking and Alcohol abuse Inhalation of foreign materials Improper diet and malnutrition Decreased/Disruption of mucocilliary and macrophage activity Decreased immune response or immunosuppresion Bacterial invasion in lower respiratory tract Inflammatory response Lymphocytes produce cytokinse Immune Response Triggered Increase WBC Filling of WBC in alveoli Release of chemical mediators (bradykinins, histamins, etc) Release of T- cells, macrophages phagocytes and atntibodies Crackles Immune Response Triggered Vasodilation and increase capillary permeability Dyspnea Cough with purulent yellowish secretions Non- productive cough WBC takes effect to pathogens Purulent exudates formation Migration to alveoli Decrease PaO2 and SatO2 Altered ventilation and diffusion Partial occlusion of bronchi Exudates/fluid Accumulation Decrease alveolar O2 tension hypoventilation formation Continuous exudate formation Decreased lung expansion Altered tissue perfusion Decreased total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and force vital capacity...
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...rather than leave for Gatsby. 3. The poem states, “Let me also wear / Such deliberate disguises”, which connects to Daisy and Gatsby’s personalities. Daisy is shallow but gives Gatsby the appearance that she is perfect and has fallen back into love with him, when later she does not leave for him. Gatsby grew up poor and tries to give the appearance that he has...
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...I. INTRODUCTION a. Background information to introduce the issue Bertrand Russell was a revolutionary in the field of humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought. Aside from that he was probably one of the most profound and sophisticated spokesman for atheism from the last century, His literary and communication skills are definitely almost unprecedented winning a nobel prize for Literature. His influence and iconicness that stood the test of time and his literary works that are still being talked about years after his death is a proof of his undying influence. Despite the fact that he was agnostic and an atheist, he felt that he was not up to the pedestal of being a Christian because he thought he couldn’t live up to the righteous maxims of Christianity, he found the religion too hypocritical and its norms too uptight and self-righteous for his own sake. It was his contention that religion and its maxim’s purpose was to limit knowledge, especially to children and prevents their ability to think clearly by trapping them with norms and inhibiting them from cooperating with others whose views are different from theirs. He also believes that religion flourishes fear and dependency. He also asserted that religion caused war, oppression and misery that is happening right now. Issues: According to Russell, The character of Christ isn’t as divine as God because of the flaws in his teachings and to his followers. Russell attacks Christ’s divinity and characteristics and followers...
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...(Reuters) - With the failure this weekend of BP's "top kill" attempt to plug its leaking Gulf of Mexico oil well, fears are growing that the economic and environmental impact of the nearly six-week-old spill can only spread. Here are some facts about effects of the worst ever U.S. oil spill, triggered by the April 20 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon rig: THE SCALE OF THE CATASTROPHE "This is probably the biggest environmental disaster we have ever faced in this country," top White House energy adviser Carol Browner said on Sunday. "There could be oil coming up 'til August." Browner told CBS's "Face The Nation," "We are prepared for the worst." Louisiana, the nearest state to BP's gushing undersea well that is 42 miles out in the Gulf of Mexico, has been the most impacted by the spill so far. Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal said this week that more than 100 miles of Louisiana's 400-mile coast had so far been impacted by the spilled oil. State officials have reported sheets of oil soiling wetlands and seeping into marine and bird nurseries, leaving a stain of sticky crude on cane that binds the marshes together. Billy Nungesser, president of Plaquemines Parish, saw dying cane and "no life" in parts of Pass-a-Loutre wildlife refuge. "Oil debris", in the form of tar balls and surface "sheen", has also been reported coming ashore since the April 20 accident in outlying parts of coastal Mississippi and Alabama. In the week of May 17, Coast Guard officials found tar balls...
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...based on the patients’ disease, health or injury processes and the nursing diagnoses, while monitoring the individual for healing and progression. This invaluable terminology also provides measureable information from staff documentation to track and evaluate individual or collective strengths, areas of development and any additional training required generating growth in nurses and improving overall care (nanda.org). NANDA-I’s nursing diagnosis is structured with a patients’ problem that is related to the cause and evidenced by the assessment parameters. There are health promotion, problem focused, risk related and syndrome diagnoses. There are dimensions within the diagnostic process reflecting the individuals’ health problem or physical response. The components of a nursing diagnosis provide a name, a diagnostic focus, a nursing judgment that is concise and is a problem focused health promotional diagnosis. Each patient may have more than one diagnosis with each one focusing on a specific problem for the nurse to identify, assess, plan, address and reassess with the possibility of additional diagnoses (nanda.org). For example: Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to(r/t) decreased appetite and nausea manifested by decreased body weight. There are other diagnosis such as possible, risk, wellness and syndrome diagnoses: possible nutritional deficit r/t nausea, risk for infection r/t compromised immune system, knowledge deficit regarding breast feeding r/t first...
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...ethics? Most ethical dilemmas are not that cut and dried. It is relatively uncommon that workers find themselves in the middle of an ethical dilemma as blatant as a street corner drug pusher. Just saying no can be a simple, effective response to an unethical request. In going beyond teaching employees to say “No”, human resources managers should teach employees the following principle of communication to equip workers for the various ethical situations that arise: Develop a regular routine of open, honest communication. This is the most effective preventive medicine for the ethical dilemmas. The ethical dilemma may be a catalyst for genuine change in the workplace. Turn a sticky situation into a problem-solving opportunity. Workers receive technical training, sales training and myriad of other training experiences, but often lack ethics training. Companies shouldn’t let workers fight out ethical dilemmas on their own because just saying “No” may take the place of healthy communication and problem solving. Ethical Dilemmas The “Just Say No to Drugs” campaign by First Lady Nancy Reagan demonstrated the true power of simple, black and white, up-front communication in action. Usually situations are not as black and white as a plain “No” response would allow. Situations, personalities, customer relationships, office politics, egos, expectations, interpersonal relationships, emotions and a host of other variables puts a million shades of gray into a simple, black and white...
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...What is stress? Stress is caused by two things. Primarily it is down to whether you think situations around you are worthy of anxiety. And then it's down to how your body reacts to your thought processes. This instinctive stress response to unexpected events is known as 'fight or flight'. Stress happens when we feel that we can't cope with pressure and this pressure comes in many shapes and forms, and triggers physiological responses. These changes are best described as the fight or flight response, a hard-wired reaction to perceived threats to our survival. When survival had meant facing immediate and real threats such as confronting a charging elephant, our response has saved lives. At times of danger, the body's innate intelligence automatically takes charge by triggering a set of changes that bypass our rational thoughts. Priority is given to all physical functions which provide more power to face an enemy or to flee. To understand why stress can have negative impacts on your health, you must first understand the physiological changes that occur within your body during the fight or flight response. Fight or flight The fight or flight response was first noted by one of the early pioneers in stress research, Walter Cannon. In 1932 he established that when an organism experiences a shock or perceives a threat, it quickly releases hormones that help it to survive. In humans, as in other animals, these hormones help us to run faster and fight harder. They increase...
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...these reside around the fact that, if demand increases but supply remains unchanged there will be a shortage in the amount of the product available, thus leading to a higher Equilibrium price point. Similarly, as demand decreases but supply remains the same there becomes an excess supply of the product in the example, this leads to a lower Equilibrium price point due to compensation and countering the surplus that has occurred. * Price Elasticity – The labelling of a good or service in whether it is elastic or inelastic. The price elasticity of a good is determined by how the demand is affected in response to a change in price (increase). If a demand for a good changes very little in response to a change in price then the product is elastic, these types of goods are usually a necessity such as water. If the demand for a good changes dramatically (decrease/contracts) in response to a change in price (increase) then the product is inelastic. * Ceteris Paribus – All other factors remain the same. The situation in question is: ‘Explain why the price elasticity of demand for foreign holidays is likely to be inelastic’ The price elasticity of demand for holidays is inelastic. This is because it is not a necessary good/service and such is something which people do not have to...
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...Clark McClauly’s “Psychological Issues in Understanding Terrorism and the Response to Terrorism” in Psychology of Terrorism (2004) argues that what the average citizen would view a terrorist would be one of three explanations: they are crazy, they are crazed by hatred, anger and lack of empathy, or they are rational within their own perspective. That there is something wrong with them, that they must be suicidal or just plain psychopaths without moral feelings. Only someone with something wrong with them could do the cold-blooded killing that a terrorist does. Scott Atran's "Genesis of Suicide Terrorism" in Science Magazine (2003) offers that Contemporary suicide terrorists from the Middle East are publicly deemed crazed cowards bent on senseless destruction who thrive in poverty and...
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...What Is Critical Thinking? Critical thinking is thinking that questions assumptions. It is a way of deciding whether a claim is always true, sometimes true, partly true, or false. Critical thinking is an important component of most professions. It is a part of the formal education process and is increasingly significant as students’ progress through university to graduate education, although there is debate among educators about its precise meaning and scope. Critical thinking has been described as "reasonable reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do." It has also been described as "thinking about thinking. Critical thinking clarifies goals, examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, accomplishes actions, and assesses conclusions. Critical thinking can occur whenever one judges, decides, or solves a problem; in general, whenever one must figure out what to believe or what to do, and do so in a reasonable and reflective way. Reading, writing, speaking, and listening can all be done critically or uncritically. It has been described in more detail as the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. More recently, critical thinking has been described as "the process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment, which...
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