...situations that have happened to him, explaining his life in the forms of memories. Through each chapter the themes shown give us a better insight into his emotions and way of thinking, it also allows us to follow his change of thinking. In the chapters two reoccurring themes are prominent and stand out above the others, Morality and Brotherhood. Watson uses these two themes in particular to show his advancements as a human, and to show his character development from a young age until now. Watsons sense of morality changes vastly as he grows from a young child up to a seal team six sniper. When he was younger...
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...represent how morality and ethics is judged. They differ by judging different aspects of what is right or best. Each has a unique definition and can be used in different situations to determine if decisions were made ethically (Boylan, 2009). Virtue ethics is the view that you should try cultivate excellence in all that you do and all that others do. Physicians’ continuing education on the latest procedures in order to best serve their patients would be an example of virtue ethics. Virtue ethics is a way to look at someone’s character development over a period of time a project, career or perhaps a lifetime (Boylan, 2009). Putting the good of the group ahead of an individual is utilitarianism. Where virtue ethics judges individual achievements, utilitarianism says the individual acts ethically if their actions benefit the group even though it may not be good for everyone. When offered a promotion at work if one was to step aside and suggest another that may be better suited for the job would be an example of utilitarianism (Boylan, 2009). Deontology is a moral theory that emphasizes one's duty to do a particular action, itself, is inherently right and not through any other sorts of calculations" (Boylan, 2009). Virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological ethics are similar that they demonstrate the good in a person. The difference is the motivation behind the good, the ethics, and morality of doing what is right. Because virtue is a person's character or who a person is...
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...adfh JIS S e c 3 (1 ) 2 0 0 7 Journal of Inform ation System Security w w w.jissec.o rg Ethics and Morality - a business opportunity for the Amoral? Ian O. Angell Professor of Information Systems Information Systems Department London School of Economics and Political Science London, United Kingdom Preamble It is common for speakers at computer security conferences to tell audiences that 'they should do' this, and 'should do' that. The word 'should' is regularly thrown about as some jumbled-up mixture of efficiency and ethics, without any justification of the imperative. This paper will concentrate on the ethical issues, and so it will quickly dispose of 'efficiency,' leaving detailed argument for another time. Then, taking the devil's advocate position, it will focus on demolishing the certainty behind the ethical obligation, by questioning the role of ethics in society in general, but specifically in computer security. Indeed this paper will claim that an unsuspected morality and ritual lies behind many real-world security choices and much so-called 'objective' academic analysis. Furthermore, it will propose that such moralistic positions are highly problematic, and that all recommendations phrased in terms of virtue rather than pragmatism be treated as highly suspect. This polemical paper formed the basis of a keynote address given at the 5th Computer Security Conference, held in Las Vegas on the 20th-21st April 2006. 4 Angell, JISSec ...
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... During the 19th and 20th centuries, there were many people who rose to power and demonstrated themselves as leaders with strong influences over their followers. This time period consisted of a few historically significant leaders such as Lenin, Hitler, Mussolini, and Mao Zedong. The main objective of these leaders was to spread their version of totalitarian ideas. Yet, another leader was prominent during the same time period, but unlike Hitler, Lenin, and Zedong, his goal was the spreading of democracy using nonviolent tactics throughout his nation as well as across the world; this leader was Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi was a rebel, who successfully gained a large following and much support without formulating any violent war plans, or issuing violent attacks on the opposition. According to many of his writings, nonviolence and morality are the keys to achieving unity. Various peoples, such as Muslims and Jews, have encountered various situations throughout history where Gandhi felt as if using tactics other than war would be considerably effective and beneficial to the overall goal of unity and liberty as long as a strong following aided in the process. Mahatma Gandhi: Selected Political Writing focuses on the different values that Gandhi practiced, as well as preached. Much of these values were critical during a time period when many nations were experiencing turmoil, and many people were not sure how and who to trust. The writings cast Gandhi as more than a spiritual...
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...adfh JIS S e c 3 (1 ) 2 0 0 7 Journal of Inform ation System Security w w w.jissec.o rg Ethics and Morality - a business opportunity for the Amoral? Ian O. Angell Professor of Information Systems Information Systems Department London School of Economics and Political Science London, United Kingdom Preamble It is common for speakers at computer security conferences to tell audiences that 'they should do' this, and 'should do' that. The word 'should' is regularly thrown about as some jumbled-up mixture of efficiency and ethics, without any justification of the imperative. This paper will concentrate on the ethical issues, and so it will quickly dispose of 'efficiency,' leaving detailed argument for another time. Then, taking the devil's advocate position, it will focus on demolishing the certainty behind the ethical obligation, by questioning the role of ethics in society in general, but specifically in computer security. Indeed this paper will claim that an unsuspected morality and ritual lies behind many real-world security choices and much so-called 'objective' academic analysis. Furthermore, it will propose that such moralistic positions are highly problematic, and that all recommendations phrased in terms of virtue rather than pragmatism be treated as highly suspect. This polemical paper formed the basis of a keynote address given at the 5th Computer Security Conference, held in Las Vegas on the 20th-21st April 2006. 4 Angell, JISSec adfh The quest for efficiency, where...
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...may analyze the plot, setting, narrative structure, character, mood, or theme. Others may choose to analyze or focus on literary techniques such as imagery, hyperbole, personification, or irony. Though we may choose to focus on any of these facets, as well as many more, the one condition that we all seem to be looking for in literature is connection. We want to be able to relate to the characters in the works we read. We want to read stories that we can comprehend and identify with; stories that allow us to associate ourselves with the characters, see the story through their eyes, put ourselves in their shoes, feel their pain, and celebrate their victory. Good literature fully explores the depths and aspects of humanity through empathy, morality, madness, vulnerability, and pride. The White Troops Had Their Orders, but the Negros Looked Like Men by Gwendolyn Brooks exemplifies empathy through the white troop meeting the black troops, likely slaves, for the first time. The poem starts us off by showing how the white men had been trained to look at the black men. They had been given the formula on how to treat them until their empathy sets in after seeing the black troops for the first time. “But when the Negros came they were perplexed. These Negros looked like men” (Brooks, 2495). In fact, they appreciated the similarities so much, they didn't have the time or frame of mind to worry about the differences they were trained to look down upon. “Besides, it taxed Time and the temper...
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...“Everyman” is an English morality play that uses allegorical characters to depict what Everyman values throughout his life. Everyman has not been living a virtuous life focused on God and his kingdom but instead places a high value on “worldly riches” and goods. As the play progresses Everyman is summoned by Death and realizes he is not ready to die and doesn’t want to do it alone. He repents of his sins and looks for someone to accompany him on his journey to give an account of his life to God. He quickly realizes that the things he held dear to his heart during his earthly walk will fade and abandon him; he must die alone and his Good Deeds are all he can take with him into heaven. Outline: I. Introduction II. Summary of the Characters III. Authors Perception of Death IV. Conclusion “Everyman” is an English morality play whose author is unknown. It dates back to the 16th century and was first seen in England. The play depicts a man who is caught up in a secular world and is more concerned with worldly riches than nurturing his spiritual life. He seems content until Death is sent to tell him his life is over and he must now give an account to God of how he lived his life. The author uses allegory characters to describe moral qualities and abstractions in Everyman’s life. (Allegory, 2010) The central character in the play is Everyman; the author uses him to represent a typical human being. Death is a messenger in the play who has been sent by God to...
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...Free from Error Abstract The type of Moral Error theory I shall defend in the following essay is the kind proposed by J. L. Mackie and later by Richard Joyce. Mackie first advances “error theory” by stating that when most people speak of their moral judgements they are implicitly claiming “ to be pointing to something objectively prescriptive,” but “these claims are false” (1977, p.35). In the first section of this essay i shall introduce and clarify the constituent of error theory I aim to defend. In the next section I consider and rebut stephen finlays recent attack on moral error theory. Finlay takes aim at Mackies conceptual claim that many moral judgements entail categorical reasons, but I find his shots misguided. Consequently I shall consider finlays most powerful rejoinders with the view of again refuting them and arriving at the conclusion that Mackies conceptual and ontological claims hold and moral error theory stands. Mackie endorses a second order moral theory regarding the essence of moral valuing and the character of moral values. Mackie believes that many of the moral judgements we make contain a catergorical imperative element and his thesis that “ there are no objective values” (1977, pg 58) is an explicit rebuttal denying that “ any such categorically imperative element is objectively valid” (1977, pg 69).[1] The objective values that Mackie wishes to refute would be action-guiding unconditionally, not contingently upon any particular agents desired...
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...is killing someone from perspective of pity, based on patient's request to avoid further pain or suffering from a terminal illness. Euthanasia is a very complicated issue and it's legalizing or illegalizing is strongly debated around the world. Euthanasia became legal in many countries such as united kingdom , Philippines , France , Australia and Belgium but it also legalized in many countries such as turkey , some states in America, Egypt and all the middle east ( Derek Humphry, 2015). some people who called supporters of euthanasia repeated that every patient has it's freedom or everyone should be able to control over her/his death or life , However euthanasia called a mercy killing but if any type of euthanasia permitted all...
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...2/21/2015 2/21/2015 James Turner Philosophy-1101 James Turner Philosophy-1101 Philosophy of Life And Other Essays By. B.J. Gupta Philosophy of Life And Other Essays By. B.J. Gupta B.J. Gupta gets right to the point in his book “Philosophy of life”. He does not use outlandish sentences and problematical paragraphs to explain what he is saying. The book starts out by his explanations of philosophy, and Gupta gives two examples of what philosophy meant in the past and what it means nowadays. Back when philosophy was developed a philosopher had been considered a thinker, and it did not matter on what subject. Nowadays, a philosopher is a thinker of non-materialistic subjects like knowledge. Those subjects like science, history, and economics have their own sets of thinkers labelled scientist, historian, economist etc. Gupta is saying that philosophy used to touch on many subjects, and even though these other subjects are not called philosophy, philosophy is in their DNA and always will be. (Gupta, p. 1) Then Gupta gives an example of “Philosophy of Life” he got of the internet, which is “Any philosophical view or vision of the nature or purpose of life or of the way that life should be lived”. (Random House, Inc., 2015) He does not give his own definition on the subject, but he does go on explaining that everyone has his or her own outlook on the philosophy of life, you do not have to be a philosopher to have an opinion on the matter. Some outlooks...
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...Until taking philosophy class and carefully dipping my toes into the realm of epistemology, I thought of knowledge as something pretentious. Something that studious people would keep in their arsenal, something that seldom gave teachers their undeserved arrogance. After my first philosophy class, I was not proven wrong but I was proven to be oblivious. The word "Knowledge" bared so many meanings and implications that it left me hanging clueless. The best I could do was simply read great philosopher's writings on theory of knowledge and attempt to get a grasp on the fundamentals of epistemology. One of those great minds were Plato, the ancient greek, the epitome of western philosophy whose ideologies still stands tall up to this date. In Theaetetus, Plato succeeds in proving the Dream Theory of knowledge to be false, yet does not to give his own definition of knowledge. Where as in the Republic, during constructing Kallipolis, Plato discusses knowledge, and expresses his explicit views on epistemology. After careful inspection of Plato's two different ideas on the nature of knowledge, I was able to come up with my own definition of knowledge and suggest the possibility to know what knowledge is. As a matter of process, my theory of knowledge is heavily influenced...
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...To what extent is ethical language meaningful (35 Marks) The analysis of ethical language is called meta-ethics and what Meta-ethics does is look at the meaning of the language that is used in ethical statements and it includes questions about whether those statements are true or false or whether those statements are just expressions of emotion and if it is the truth then is it the truth for everybody or just a select few depending on society and culture, Meta-Ethics Is broken down into two sections and they are called cognitive and non-cognitive and these are two different perspectives on the meaningfulness of ethical language. Cognitivism involves a view that states moral knowledge is possible and therefore all ethical statements can be meaningful because they can be proved whether they are true or false. Non Cognitivism on the other hand involves the belief that there can be no ethical knowledge because ethical language and statements give no factual information and therefore they are not as meaningful as they are not subject to the true or false test and this approach suggests that they are just expressions of emotion and prescriptive recommendations. The naturalistic fallacy is a form of ethical non-naturalism and it was devised by G.E Moore and Moore believed that the term “good” is a simple term like “that’s yellow” and it couldn’t be defined and he also believed that we couldn’t prove moral statements through the use of evidence, Moore also believed that the only...
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...Nietzsche (On the Genealogy of Morality, First Treatise; Section 11 of Second Treatise): • True goodness is not just being altruistic • To find out real human goodness, Nietzsche goes back to study history and the study of words-etymology • In the words and roots that designate good, the nobles felt themselves to be humans of a higher rank. Call themselves the truthful.esthlos means the one who is, who possesses reality, who is true. Becomes the catchword of the aristocratic and feel like it distinguishes them from the common “lying” man. • *Origin of morality is power* • Justice is a product of power. It puts order in place/creates laws/preserves power so it continues. There isn’t universal justice. • Life is understood as the desire for power. • Nietzsche believes there have been two types of moralities: o The first morality- aristocratic morality-moral reality The “good” are the few. They possess reality. They have power, strength, victory, self-affirming, freedom, possessors of truth, active. They have a healthier expression of life. More beautiful. They look down upon and despise the “bad” The noble human beings live with himself in confidence and openness The “bad” are the many. They are lower in class, weak, simple, restricted, lacking, degenerate, oppressed, plotting, hating, lying, and passive. They will eventually gain power which leads to Nietzsche’s slave morality. The priests are the leaders of this “bad” slave morality. Priests are the most powerless...
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...Routh Abstract The study of adolescence and the changes puberty can ensue are the topic of this paper. Puberty lasts approximately 5 years from beginning to end. This changes can influence how a child views life and the surrounding environment. In May 2015, a Colorado boy was involved in the attempted murder of his mother. This paper discusses the possible parenting style, attachment and environmental influences that might have perpetuated this situation. Insecure attachment and parenting styles correlate with an increase risk factor of violent behavior in adolescents. There are longitudinal studies linking attachment security and parenting with a child’s aggressive behavior. Also influencing such behavior is the media, who have been desensitizing children for the last two decades. When the 12-year-old offender was question, he could provide significant information as to why he attempted to kill his mother, which suggests the child might not have been aware of his externalizing tendencies. Secure attachment and its correlation with violent behavior May 01, 2015, Deputies from the El Paso County Sheriff’s office responded to a stabbing involving an 11-year-old and his mother. According to the information obtain the 11-year-old fell 20-30 feet from the window within the home. It is unknown whether the child jumped, fell or was thrown from the window. At the time, the child and his mother were the only two people in the home and it was unclear what...
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...Morality Essay Is morality a biological or social construct? The term morality, according to Eysenck(2009) can be described by Shaffer (1993) as: "A set of principles or ideals, that help the individual to distinguish right from wrong and to act on this distinction.” Morality is important to society as it would not function effectively, unless there was some kind of agreement on what is right and wrong. There seems to be a universal human acceptance on what right or wrong should be. If you look cross culturally over time it seems to suggest we all follow a certain basic rule, one that, Matthew 7:2 from The New Testament sums up quite efficiently: “ For you will be treated as you treat others. The standard you use in judging, is the standard by which you will be judged” This very widespread principle would amount to us as a society today in the 21st century as more common sense but where did morality actually come from? According to All About Science(2013), the Darwinian principles suggest, we are all a product of evolution, from a process called natural selection. Natural selection is the continuing process in which biological characteristics become either more or less common in a population. Meaning that: Individuals in a species that show a wide range of variation is because of differences within their genes. Individuals with characteristics most suited to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, as the genes that allow these...
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