...Trips Industrial designs geographical indications INTEGRATED circuits Undisclosed information ADV.MANISHA PANDYA ROLL NO.17 * BUSINESS LAW GROUP* LLM SEM II SUBMITTED TO PROF.TIWARI CONTENTS Chapter I * INTRODUCTION * GATT*WTO* TRIPS* * ------------------------------------------------- Implementation in developing countries Chapter II * What are intellectual property rights? * Geographical indication * Early agreements –History * Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) * ------------------------------------------------- Marketing * International trade * SECTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS Art. 22, 23, 24 Protection of Geographical Indications * Industrial design right * SECTION 4: INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS Article 25 * SEC 7: PROTECTION OF UNDISCLOSED INFORMATION Article 3 Chapter III * CONCULSION BILOGRAPHY & WEBOLOGY Chapter I GATT * WTO * TRIPS* The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was a multilateral agreement regulating international trade. According to its preamble, its purpose was the "substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination of preferences, on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis." It was negotiated during the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment and was the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the International Trade Organization (ITO). GATT was signed...
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...ENVIRONMENT ANALYSES 3. Global/Regional economic environment Purpose of analysis: The economic environment consists of economic factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending pattern. The economic environment can offer both opportunities and threats. No company can avoid the influence of fluctuations in the global economy. And when you're in a developing market, the understanding of the economy is essential. Some elements of the economic environment (The divide between rich and poor purchasing power differences in social class, the market area, the stage of the economic cycle, the volatility of prices of some items such as gasoline, oil, gold) directly affect the purchasing power and consumer tastes, which determines the business results of the company. Changes and effects: * Opportunities: Living up to the world is big opportunity for LV. An increase in the wealthy class can lead to an increase in the ability to pay for items worth far as Louis Vuitton wholesale. For developing countries, previously, LV is a luxury item and overly almost can rarely afford. In Vietnam, the first store opened in 1997 is challenging and adventurous with LV. But back here in 2005, Vietnam had LV is developing very fast. Vietnam's economy is booming. Vietnam Consumers spend money more and more for the product on the essential. They enjoy life, travel overseas, go to theaters and fancy restaurants. The country has now opened the door, people know more about the fashion trends...
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...Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Objectives 2 3. Business Environment 2 3.1. Demographic environment 2 3.2. Economic environment 2 3.3. Geographical and ecological environment 3 3.4. Legal environment 3 3.5. Technological environment 3 3.6. Social environment 3 3.7. Educational and cultural environment 3 3.8. Political environment 3 4. About Mahindra & Mahindra 4 5. Task 1. 5 6. Task 2. 6 6.1. Market Penetration 6 6.2. Market Development 7 6.3. Product development 7 7. Conclusion 7 8. Recommendation 8 9. References 8 1. Introduction The term business is understood and explained in different ways by different people. For some, business is an activity, for some it is a method of transacting, for sonic others, it is a method of money making and some people argue that business is an organized activity to achieve certain predetermined goals and objectives. Based on all these meaning of justness, we may define business as gainful activity through which various elements of society conduct exchanges of the desirable things. 2. Objectives To understand what the business environment is and why this is important for a company Management student to understand its fundamental concept on business activity To develop a right perspective about business environment 3. Business Environment Business involves activities, which links an organization with outside world. Within an organization, a business is governed by the behavior of its employees, management...
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...International marketing Introduction to Global Marketing (polycopié 1) fidéliser les clients : to build customer loyalty un ensemble de : a set of Définition d'un marché : A market is a set of actual and potential customers. Actual customer is the customer that the company already have. One product is design for one market. One product is design for a set of customers. Market are customers. The marketing process : 1 – Analysis => SWOT analysis - company strenghs & weaknesses (internal analysis) - market opportunities & threats (external analysis) 2 – Planification => setting goals => designing strategies 3 – Implementation => implementing Marketing mix strategies 4 Ps : Product, price, place, promotion 4 – Control => making sure strategies have delivered expected results Global marketing Global marketing is the coordination of marketing activities across various countries that satisfy customers needs. To go global : selling products on a worldwide basis. A) Why do firms go global ? Brand image : a set of mental representations that customers have about the brand. Survival and growth - limited growth in domestic markets eg (équivalent de exemple : exempli gracia en latin) : Nestlé - High growth potential in emerging markets emerging markets : have a fast growth eg China's growth rate around 8 %, BRICS Gaining increased competitiveness - Achieving economies...
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...ERASMUS Manon LAGARDE (20061333) Antoine PETERS (20061286) Helene PIED (20061239) ERASMUS Manon LAGARDE (20061333) Antoine PETERS (20061286) Helene PIED (20061239) Helene FOLEY Helene FOLEY BUSINESS STRATEGY BUSINESS STRATEGY Industry of French Luxury perfumes Industry of French Luxury perfumes ------------------------------------------------- Table of contents Executive Summary 3 I. Industry Overview 4 II. PESTEL Analysis 9 1. Economical& Social 9 2. Legal 12 III. PORTER 14 1. Rivalry among existing competitors 14 2. Threat of new entrants 14 3. Threat of substitute products or services 15 4. Bargaining power of suppliers 15 5. Bargaining power of buyers 15 IV. Individual Part – DIOR 16 1. Company Background 17 2. SWOT Analysis 19 3. Company Analysis 20 4. Competencies and resources of the firm 22 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 24 V. Individual Part - CHANEL 27 1. Company Background 28 2. Financial aspect 31 1. SWOT of the company 32 3. Company Analysis 33 4. Competencies and ressources 34 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 35 VI. Individual Part – Yves-Saint-Laurent 37 1. Company Background 38 2. SWOT Analysis 41 3. External Environmental factor 42 4. Competences and resources of the firm 42 5. Recommendations 43 VII. Bibliography 45 IX. Appendices 47 1. PESTEL 48 2. Survey 51 3. Results 52 ------------------------------------------------- Executive Summary ...
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...compiled by the sales department in order to attract future customers, therefore specific and primary data. This data is readily available to the public and so does not breach any of the 8 considerations of the Data Protection Act. Data protection is covered in A.C. 1.3. Fig 2 Example of Primary data which becomes secondary data, sourced from http://www.midlandairmuseum.co.uk/jet.php Secondary data is not originally compiled by the intended user, it is acquired, collected or bought and maybe adapted to suit the requirements. The above image, fig.2, is an example of primary data. They show Sir Frank Whittle in his development of the . The intended use for the data shown was specific, however, the founder of my company will have used this original primary data as secondary data in the development of power generation company . A.C 1.2 Identify quantitative and qualitative sources of data. Fig 3. Example of Qualitative data, sourced from; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_flying_machines Qualitative data can be described as un measurable opinion related data which is compiled with individual feelings and perceptions and has little or no historic factual foundations on which to be based on. Leonardo da Vinci vision of the above helecopter design in the 15th century...
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...------------------------------------------------- TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Intellectual Property (IP) – An Overview 2 2. Intellectual Property Rights And Protection Benefits 3 3. Intellectual Property Categories 4 3.1. Industrial Property 4 3.2. Copyright 7 4. Brief History of IP Law in Malaysia 8 4.1. Intellectual Property Issues In Malaysia 9 5. Business Responsibility in Intellectual Property 11 5.1. IP Help to Keep Your Ideas 12 5.2. IP Protects Business Growth 12 5.3. It’s Easier Than You Think 12 5.4. IP associated with a business 13 6. Positive Impacts of IP on Business Development and Growth 13 7. Negative Impacts of IP on Business Development and Growth 14 8. Benefiting from Intellectual Property Rights 16 9. Conclusions 16 Reference Intellectual Property (IP) – An Overview In general terms, intellectual property is any product of the human intellect that the law protects from unauthorized use by others. The ownership of intellectual property inherently creates a limited monopoly in the protected property. The products of the human intellect that comprise the subject matter of intellectual property are typically characterized as non-rivalrous public goods. Essentially, this means that the same product may be used simultaneously by more than one person without diminishing the availability of that product for use by others. In the words of Thomas Jefferson: "If nature has made any one thing less susceptible than all others of exclusive...
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... |2010-2-10-300 | |Razuan Ahmed |2010-2-10-071 | |Almahmud |2010-2-10-048 | |Showrav hasin |2010-2-10-074 | |S M Mostafizur Rahman |2010-1-10-092 | Section : 1 Course No : BUS 361 Course Name: Legal Environment of Business Transmittal Letter April 4,2013 Fahmida Hasan Senior Lecturer Department of Business Administration, East West University Subject: Submission of an assignment on comparison of intellectual property between developed and developing country. Dear Madam You have assigned our group to prepare an assignment on comparison of intellectual property between developed and developing country. This report consists of the overview of comparison of intellectual property between developed and developing country....
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...After analyzing various costs, benefits, and firm factors, I recommend that we proceed with a wholly owned subsidiary in the UK, while continuing to research opportunities in other markets (Exhibit 1). A subsidiary would contribute additional profits of over $1.4 million in the first year, while allowing us to maintain our focus on a quality product, customer service and employee satisfaction (Exhibit 2). Additionally, our experience in the US taught us that a lack of involvement in marketing and selling activities could result in lower sales, despite strong market potential. We need to maintain control over techniques used in selling our product to achieve optimal sales results as well as to enforce our strict product specifications. It is also important that we act in a timely fashion, as while the UK is currently the only EEC country where seals are a legal requirement for corporations, it might not be a legal requirement in future. Its currency is also strong at the moment, with £1 = CAN $2.10, an indicator of economic stability and potential growth. While licensing was also considered an option, there is a legitimate concern based on past behavior that the primary contender, MBF McFarlane, would copy Sterling’s strategies and product. Upon termination of the licensing agreement, they (or another licensee) could become a competitor, as the EEC lacks legal protection against duplicating a product, so long as there are minor alterations to the design. While this may...
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...French Economy General Overview: The French economy is the fifth largest in the world and accounts for about a fifth of euro area GDP. France weathered the global crisis better than most advanced economies. This is explained by the economy being less open than e.g. Germany, a fairly solid financial sector, a large public sector and substantial fiscal stimulus. Exports amount to about 20% of GDP – about half of the euro area average – while government expenditures amount to about 55% of GDP. The government budget deficit as a share of GDP is higher than the euro area average and the debt-to-GDP ratio is only marginally below the euro area average. During the summer France announced austerity measures, aimed at ensuring fiscal sustainability. Significant reforms and privatizations have taken place in the past decades, but the government continues to own shares in corporations in a range of sectors. Key export markets are located in Europe, with Germany, Italy and Spain being the most important ones. About one third of all exports are going to economies outside Europe. The share of exports to Asia is small, but gradually increasing. Tourism is important (France is the most visited country in the world). France runs a current account deficit and has a large foreign debt. France is the leading agricultural producer and exporter in Europe. Nevertheless agriculture accounts for less than 4% of employment and 2% of GDP. The unemployment rate, which peaked in January 2010, is below the...
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...Chapter three Governmental and legal systems CHINA COMPLICATED RIS, BIG OPPORTUNITIES During its thirty years of communist rule, China prohibited foreign investment and restricted foreign trade. Then, China enacted the Law on Joint Ventures using Chinese and Foreign Investment in 1978. China’s subsequent transformation has been fueled by a landslide of foreign investments made in response to the country’s market potential, market performance, improved infrastructure, enormous resources, and strategic position. Frustrating this process, however, have been the politics of China’s elaborate bureaucracy, as well as its ill-defined legal system and pervasive corruption. Historically China has relied upon “the rule of man” and the belief that legal rights are derived from the power of the individual. Upon joining the WTO, China agreed to continue to reform its business environment and to move toward transparent, rules based, enforcement-oriented standards. But the business reality is far from the WTO obligations specifically in the continued controversy over the protection of intellectual property. Chinese enterprises are themselves becoming global investors, both by acquiring foreign firms and investing in foreign lands. INTRODUCTION For a multinational enterprise to succeed in countries with different political and legal environments, its management must carefully analyze the fit between its corporate policies and the political and legal conditions of each particular nation...
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...Twenty organizations that influence cable plant implementation are: 1) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) a) ANSI does not develop the American National Standards (ANS) documents, but it facilitates their development by establishing a consensus between the members interested in developing a particular standard. b) ANSI standards include, SCSI interface specifications, programming language specifications, and specifications for character sets. c) ANSI helped to coordinate the efforts of the Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) and the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) to develop ANSI/TIA/EIA-568, the cabling specification in the United States. 2) Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) d) The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) was originally known as the Radio Manufacturers Association. Since then, the EIA has evolved into an organization that represents a wide variety of electronics manufacturers. e) The EIA is organized along specific product and market lines that allow each EIA sector to be responsive to its specific needs. These sectors include components, consumer electronics, electronic information, industrial electronics, government, and telecommunications. f) The EIA (along with the TIA) was the driving force behind the original ANSI/TIA/EIA-568 Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard. 3) Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) g) The Telecommunications Industry Association...
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...[pic] Assignment on Intellectual Property Comparison Between Developed And Developing Country. Submitted to Fahmida Hasan Department of Business Administration Submitted by |Name |ID | |Rajib Kundu |2010-2-10-329 | |Rakib Hasan Rabbi |2010-2-10-300 | |Razuan Ahmed |2010-2-10-071 | |Almahmud |2010-2-10-048 | |Showrav hasin |2010-2-10-074 | |S M Mostafizur Rahman |2010-1-10-092 | Section : 1 Course No : BUS 361 Course Name: Transmittal Letter April 4,2013 Fahmida hasan Department of Business Administration, East West University Subject: Submission of an assignment on comparison...
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...On the morning of August 14, 1765 - to protest the Stamp Act, a law obligating Americans to purchase special stamped paper for newspapers and many legal forms - a Boston crowd hanged an effigy of the city's stamp collector, Andrew Oliver, from a tree. When the official failed to resign his position immediately, the mob demolished the stamp collector's warehouse at the city dock, tearing it apart board by board. The crowd then beheaded the effigy and "stamped" it to pieces. After giving the stamp collector time to flee, they ransacked Oliver's house, shattering the windows and smashing the furniture. Three days later, a second house was wrecked in Newport, Rhode Island, after the local stamp distributor failed to resign. The protests and disorder that broke out in the American colonies in 1765 marked the beginning not only of the American struggle for independence, but of over half a century of popular protest, revolution, and war across the western world. From the Ural Mountains in Russia to the Alleghenies and the Andes in the Americas, rioting, revolutions, and popular struggles against undemocratic rule took place in areas as diverse as France (in 1789), Geneva in Switzerland, Ireland, and Mexico. Revolution took on an entirely new meaning in 1791, when civil war erupted in San Domingue (Haiti) and slaves in the French colony's northern province rose in revolt. In 1770, a French philosophe, the Abbé Raynal, had called for a "Black Spartacus" to overthrow slavery. Spartacus...
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...SWUPLMUN 2013 – GA Position Paper Summary Committee: GA Topic: Development in the field of information and telecommunication in the context of information security Dear delegates, After reading your position papers, we made a summary as follows. Please read it and may it help you. Country Name Argentina Basic Position Argentina is focusing on cracking down the ill-using of ICTs. Past Actions Reached a ‘Tunisia commitment’ with many countries to make the commitment in advancing the development of information technology and accelerate the national exchange. Proposed Solutions (1) Introduce a law named" Information security law "to promote the protection of the domestic information security. (2) Call upon national institutions and social organizations to corporate to promote the maintenance of information security. (3) Call for regional organization to implement technology exchange. (1) Normalize laws and standards on cyber perpetration and ICT intelligence use and supply. (2) Promote a comprehensive collaboration framework based on critical regional cyber security organizations. (3) Elaborate common terms and definitions and exchange national views on the use of ICTs in conflict for the sake of confidence-building. Australia Australian government calls for international collaboration to cope with information perpetration and to establish constricting norms on the state use of ICT, relieving international instability and enhancing the freedom of information. Communication...
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