...essay will take the case of rice to explain the relevant factors that influence the price elasticity of supply and demand. The first thing to be discussed is demand elasticity. First factor is the number and closeness of substitute goods. The more substitutes they are for a good, the more alternatives for people to switch. In other words, there will be more competition. Greater competition will make the price elasticity of demand more elastic. (Grant and Vidler. 2000 Demand elasticities, Economics in context P36. Heinemann Educational) Returning to our examples of rice, there is less close substitute for rice and thus demand is relatively inelastic. Maybe bread and noodles can be the substitute of rice, but the person who likes eat rice would not change their habit so there will be less change in elastic. Second factor is the proportion of income spend on the good. “The higher the proportion of income we spend on a good, the more we will be forced to cut consumption when its price rises and the more elastic will be the demand.” (Sloman, J.2007. P56) An investigation shows that the average price of rice is 5 Yuan and the average income of people is 9000 Yuan every month. We spend a tiny fraction of our income on it, so rice is an inelastic good. Moreover, necessity is another factor. As we all know, food is really important in our life, people cannot live without food and rice is a kind of main food for human beings. So food must be inelastic. Suppose if rice is elastic, a small...
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...ECO 740 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION “FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND OF PINEAPPLE IN MALAYSIA” PREPARED FOR: Prof Madya Dr Rosita Suhaimi PREPARED BY: Azarudin Bin Berudin (2013803912) Cecilia Amid (2013859584) Daphne Gayle (2013278394) INTRODUCTION Global price hikes in food has created a global crisis that affects both developed and developing countries. Initial causes of the price spikes included unseasonable droughts in grain producing nations which can be attributed to climatic change and rising oil prices. The rise of oil prices exacerbated costs of fertilizers and transportation of food. The increased farming use in biofuels, growing consumer demand, global population growth and structural changes in trade and agricultural production has also lead to the price increase of food and made it unaffordable for many people. In Malaysia, the Agrofood Policy (2011-2020) was formulated to ensure food security, enhance global competition, increase farmers’ income, ensure agro-food sector’s sustainable growth and boost food production to meet growing population demand. The period is a critical time as Malaysia plans to achieve an advanced high-income economy (in line with the 10th Malaysia Plan, 2011-2015) with consumers’ need for quality, safety, nutrition, functionality and environmental sustainability. Demand for local fruits is expected to increase at a growth rate of 2.3% annually from 2.7 million metric tonnes in 2010 to 3.3 million metric tonnes by 2020...
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...distribution of weather patterns when that change remains for a long time (i.e., at least 20 years to millions of years).Climate change may refer to a change in average weather conditions, or in the time difference/different version of weather around longer-term average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, differences/different versions in solar radiation received by Earth, plate the study of Earth's surface plate movement, and volcano-related sudden explosive shooting up and out of matters. Certain human activities have also been identified as significant causes of recent climate change, often referred...
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...objectives and performance.” (Houghton Mifflin Company. Appendix C Sample Marketing Plan.) “Before developing any marketing strategy, one should immerse in what you know about the markets in which you are interested. One should read all about the markets. Look at what the competitors are doing in those markets. Talk to customers or potential customers in those markets. Consider any trends that affect those markets.” (Don Sexton. 2010. Trump University Marketing 101 – Maco Trends.) 2.2 Importance of Environmental Analysis A marketing environmental analysis is a vital step in identifying all internal and external environmental elements that that might affect the business performance and evaluating the level of threat or opportunity. These factors are largely not able to be controlled by the organisation but the business and marketing strategy is adaptable to take advantage of the opportunities they present while minimising the potential threats. PEST and SWOT are closely related approaches to environmental analysis. PEST analysis measures the market potential, external macro-environmental changes and is generally combined with SWOT analysis which usually measures the marketing proposition. 3. SWOT Analysis 3.1 Definition of SWOT Analysis “SWOT Analysis guides to identify the positives and negatives...
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...did the Indians survive on the Great Plains? There were many factors that contributed to the way in which the Native Indians were able to survive on the Great Plains. In the 1840’s to late 19th century the Great Plains were known as one of the hardest place for people to be able to survive on. One of the main problems on the Plains was the extreme weather conditions. In the summer it would be extremely hot and then in the winter it was extremely cold. However the Indian fought against this adapting their lifestyles to be able to build stronger and survive. Firstly the Indians homes were made to be well adapted to suit the extreme conditions of the Great Plains. For example all year round there were hazardous winds. In the winter there was blizzards and freezing temperatures and in the summer it was extremely hot causing both the land and rivers to dry up. Buy creating the tipi it helped the Indians to survive on the tipis because it was designed to be able to withstand the different temperatures and weather of the West. The tipis conical shape meant that it was strong enough to be able to resist the strong winds. Also due to the dramatic temperature the tipi was created with ears that could be moved to direct the wind in the summer the tipis bottom could be rolled up to let the air in to cool the tipi down and in the winter it could be banked with earth to keep the heat in. Secondly family life was very important to the Indians because every person had a role that they had...
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...Introduction: The organic foods industry is one that shows consistent growth. From year to year, they are undergoing an increase in demand. There are a number of factors that contribute to the industry’s growth. These factors include more consumers being educated, and conscious of health concerns of processed foods having a negative impact on their body and the environment (Dimitri & Oberholtzer, 2009). Trends in the retailing of organic foods would include the ups and downs in the farming industry, healthy lifestyles, the environment, and the fluctuating economy. Majority of consumers are now paying more attention to what they are ingesting. This is in large part to making sure what they are putting into their body is ensuring safety. This healthy lifestyle is not only being used for individuals, but also families. Obesity is increasing from year to year; even schools are taking a step into promoting a healthier lifestyle by changing the items they have for sale. For example, many schools are no longer sale sodas during school hours and have now selected baked chips or sun chips over your regular choice of bagged goodies. The ups and downs of the farming industry will always be a trend pertaining to the retailing of any foods. A bad season can lower the available supplies for businesses causing a shortage. Unexpected weather can cause a bad season. Hurricanes, tornadoes, or any heavy rainstorm can cause crops to be lost. Another belief of consumers is that...
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...MacDonald’s Corporation History: McDonald’s Corporation is an American based world’s leading company in the fast food industry. Headquartered in the United States, the company began in 1940 as a barbecue restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice. McDonald in 1948 they reorganized their business as a hamburger stand using production line principles. Ray Kroc joined the company in 1955 as a franchise. A McDonald's restaurant is operated by either a franchisee, an affiliate or the corporation itself. McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants. In 2012, McDonald's Corporation had annual revenues of $27.5 billion, and profits of $5.5 billion. Products: Macdonald’s primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken burgers, French fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes and deserts including ice-creams. Currently restaurant also expanded its menu to include salads, fish, wraps, smoothies and fruits in order to change the taste of the consumers. Company also serve soup in the Asian countries. The menu of the company differs according to the serving countries like prawn burger in Singapore. In Germany and western European countries MacDonald’s serve beer also. Operating countries: Macdonald’s corporation is one of the largest fast food selling company. It have 31,800 flagship restaurants serving nearly 68 million people in each day among the 119 countries worldwide...
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...motif for the event, arranging for speakers and alternate speakers, coordinating location support (such as electricity and other utilities), arranging decor, tables, chairs, tents, event support andsecurity, catering, police, fire, portable toilets, parking, signage, emergency plans, health care professionals, and cleanup. III. Concept There are numerous elements which need to be considered in developing an event concept. They include the purpose/objectives of the event, the event theme, the venue, the audience, available resources, the timing of the event and the skills of the team. The most important of these is purpose, although the purpose is strongly linked both the theme and the venue. The theme of the Event The theme of the event should be linked to the purpose. It should be completely compatible with guest needs and consistent in all respects. Most event adopt a colour scheme that is repeated on...
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...Explore 1 Teacher’s Guide John Pallister Contents Introduction to the series .................................................... 2 Introduction to Explore 1 ..................................................... 4 Chapter 1: What is geography? ........................................... 7 Chapter 2: Geographical Skills ........................................... 11 Chapter 3: Our Earth ......................................................... 15 Chapter 4: Atmosphere and weather ................................. 19 Chapter 5: Our World—the main features of the Earth’s surface ................................................. 25 Chapter 6: Asia—our region of the world .......................... 29 Chapter 7: Pakistan—our homeland.................................. 34 Chapter 8: Pakistan—economic activities ......................... 40 Introduction to the series Explore is a new, up-to-date geography series for secondary classes 6–8. The series covers all the geographical topics and learning competencies from the Pakistan National Curriculum for Geography. Guided by the structure of the Curriculum, from Book 1 to Book 3 the focus gradually switches from local (including the geography of Pakistan) to global (world issues such as forest clearances, population and big city growth, and globalization). However, this is done not by simply following the exact sequence of the written curriculum, but by identifying and developing particular topics and themes...
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...stable weather conditions of a given place which have been noted in such a place for a period extending over thirty years. It is notable and lasting change in the distribution of weather patterns in over thirty years. Climate affects agricultural production directly. The International Fund for Agricultural Development accepts climate change to be among the factors influencing rural poverty. Climate change affects the globe as a whole but its effects is felt much more by poor people in third world countries because they rely much on natural resources as a source of their livelihoods. Poor rural communities rely much on livestock keeping and agriculture which are climate-sensitive sectors of the economy. We have to adapt and employ mitigation strategies to respond to climate change. Adapting involves reducing the vulnerabilities of ecosystem to climate change whereas mitigation involves reducing the long term impact of climate change. Mitigating also involves reducing the emission of green house gases while adapting will also involves supporting local communities to deal with the impacts of climate. Agriculture of a given place depends on the climate of such a place; with climate change agriculture is affected negatively. Climate change accelerates the challenges facing the agricultural production and specifically in Sub-Saharan Africa. Innovations are the way to mitigating the effects of climate change on agricultural production. Climate change has lead to reversed weather patterns...
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...Dabbawalas Business India’s is one of the most population country in the world, and every working day its millions of people’ crowd onto trains buses taxi for an often lengthy commute to their Duty. Going back home for lunch is not easy; so many organization workers have prefer get their meal from home to their office. It is Mumbai’s 5,000-strong dabbawala collective that provides this service, usually for a monthly fee. The meal is prepare in the morning (by family or caterer), placed in regulation dabbers or tiffin (lunch) boxes and sent to each individual worker’s office on time at lunch time. After lunch the container are collected and returned so that they can be re-sent the next day. ‘Dabbawala’ means ‘one who carries a box’, or more...
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...developing countries, by domestic and transnational companies. The lands are mainly used for the production and export of food and biofuels. The reason why countries like Saudi Arabia, South Korea, China or India are acquiring lands is because they need to grow food to feed their own populations. Indeed, these countries already suffer consequently of water scarcity preventing them from being able to grow enough food for their growing populations. 2. How do land acquisition in Ethiopia and Sudan by South Korea and Saudi Arabia affect food security in Egypt? Egypt is a nation of bread eater requiring millions of tons of wheat per year and in addition Egypt is also the world’s leading wheat importer and subsidized bread. Or, in order to have enough bread for the population Egypt’s grain is either imported or produced with the water of the Nile River. The Nile flows through Ethiopia and Sudan before reaching Egypt. However, according to the Nile water agreement; Egypt is entitled to 75% of the Nile’s river flow. Yet, now those developing countries are acquiring a lot of land in Ethiopia and Sudan with the intention to grow food with nil’s river water regardless of the water agreement. It is fear that demand of water reaches a point where there will not be enough water reaching Egypt in order to sustain its agricultural production, leading then to food security issues in the future. 3. Explain the Nile water Agreement. The Nile water agreement is a legal piece signed...
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...DEVELOPMENT Directorate L. Economic analysis, perspectives and evaluations L.5. Agricultural trade policy analysis Brussels, July 2008 High prices on agricultural commodity markets: situation and prospects A review of causes of high prices and outlook for world agricultural markets This working document does not necessarily represent the official views of the European Commission High prices on agricultural commodity markets: situation and prospects Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION AND STOCKTAKING................................................................ 4 FACTORS BEHIND INCREASING PRICES ........................................................... 6 TEMPORAL DIMENSION OF FACTORS: TEMPORARY OR STRUCTURAL......................................................................................................... 11 4.1. Changes in agricultural production and trade due to physical characteristics of production ........................................................................... 11 4.2. Economic parameters ...................................................................................... 14 4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.2.3. 4.2.4. 4.3.1. 4.3.2. 4.3.3. 4.3.4. 4.3.5. Population and income growth.......................................................... 14 Price of crude oil and related costs.................................................... 16 Currency movements....
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...There is a dispute that has gone on for years. The dispute concerning whether or not the “Dark Ages” should really be considered the dark ages. The era in question has been considered dark, because it’s been said that it was a period of time where people were unable to make any decisive advancements, in technology, literature, economy, or order. A period of disuse, illiteracy, war, plague, chaos and panic. Estimated to be between the years 410 – the late 1300s. “Of all the factors that affected England, The Tudor Wars, the Hundred Year’s War, and the The Great Famine were the most severe.” The Hundred Years' War was a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne. It lasted from 1337 to 1453, so in reality it was a little longer than one hundred years, but one hundred sounds cooler. The war started off with several stunning victories on Britain's part,...
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...MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM IN AGRO-INDUSTRY | COURSE ID: MIS105SECTION: 2 | PREPARED FOR:ASHIK IMRAN KHAN | PREPARED BY-NAME: EMRAN SAYEEDID: 1130833030NAME: CHOWDHURY SAIMA TABASSUMID: 1210194020NAME: MONOLOVA SAMARUKHID: 1210368630NAME: SHOAIB AHMEDID: 1210009030NAME: NISHAT TASNEM EASHAID: 1211168020 | * ABSTRACT- 4 * CONCEPT OF MIS- 4 * FIELD OF MIS DEALS WITH- 4 * AGRICULTURE- 6 * AGRO-SOCIETY AROUD THE GLOBE- 7 * PERSPECTIVE FROM BANGLADESH- 8 * MIS IN AGRICULTURE- 10 * MANAGEMENT IFORMATION SYSTEM IN ACTION- 11 * AGRICULTURE, MIS AND BANGLADESH- 22 * AGRO-SOCIETY OFBANGLADESH BELONGS TO- 23 * CHALLENGES FACED BY AGRO-INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH- 24 * POSSIBILITIES FROM AGRO-INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH- 25 * THE GOALS THAT BANGLADESH GOVERNMENT SHOULD ACHIEVE TO DEVELOP ITS ECONOMY AND AGRO-INDUSTRY- 25 * AND WITH MIS- 25 * USING MIS IN AGRO-INDUSTRY MARKETING- 26 * LASTLY- 27 INDEX ACKNOWLEDGEMENT NAME: EMRAN SAYEED NAME: CHOWDHURY SAIMA TABASSUM NAME: MONOLOVA SAMARUKH NAME: SHOAIB AHMED NAME: NISHAT TASNEM EASHA ABSTRACT We are reporting on...
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