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Theme 3: History

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Submitted By Saraii15
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1. What is meant by the term Encomienda?
The word encomienda is the system introduced in 1503, under which a Spanish soldier or colonist was granted a tract of land or a village together with its Indian inhabitants.

2. Explain why Spain decided to finance Columbus voyage of discovery. Although Spain did not have much faith in Columbus, they decided to finance Columbus’ voyage for a number of reasons. Firstly, it gave Spain a chance to beat Portugal in the race to the East. Secondly, they all expected to make huge profits if he was successful. They agreed that all the lands discovered would be the restricted property of the House if Castile and only the Castilians could live there. Thirdly, the queen promised to make him a nobleman and an admiral of the Spanish navy. In addition, his three caravels would receive the title ‘Viceroy’ with all the lands he discovered. This was a win win situation for them if Columbus was successful.

3. “European voyages of discovery would not have been possible without the Renaissance.” Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer fully. I agree. This Revolution made people search not only land but also tools for sea voyages. The ability to produce instruments was one big reason for the success of exploration. Sea travel was not an easy task for anyone during this time. However, the invention of instruments made travelling the sea easier. The many instruments produced during the Renaissance included the compass, the astrolabe, the hourglass, the log, the throwing lead, and the map. The astrolabe, also known as the quadrant, checked the position of the ship in relation to the Equator; the log measured the distance covered by the ship; the hourglass measure time; the throwing lead measured depth. In addition, map-making had become more accurate while the invention of the compass made it possible to determine the direction in which the ships were sailing. The threats from the natives were also made safe with the use of gun powder which was available by this time. Jointly, these items made sea voyages safer and fruitful for those taking the risk as well as for those who were spending. The availability of printing also made the skill of sea travel much more interesting. The stories and adventures of the successful sea voyages were spreading rapidly. At the same time, map routes were readily available for anyone to follow. As a result, more people travelled on the sea and it was more desirable.
Therefore, it is evident that, the renaissance that took place in Europe made way for exploration although the effects of these explorations, both good and the bad, are still being felt by everyone in the world.

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