...comparative study of uncertainty, optimism and anxiety in patients receiving their first implantable defibrillator for primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Is a research project where the problem being addressed is, "To determine if patients receiving their first Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention (pp) versus secondary prevention (sp) differed in uncertainty, anxiety, and optimism before, one week, and one month after implant”(Carroll & Arthur,2009). The research purpose of this study is "to determine if patients receiving their first ICD for primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death from ventricular arrhythmias differed in their level of uncertainty, anxiety, and optimism before ICD implant and further explore uncertainty and anxiety both one week and one month past ICD implant”(Carroll & Arthur, 2009). This is done using three different types of surveys to collect data from a two groups of 15 participants, before, at one week and at one month regarding their uncertainty, anxiety and optimism. The research does discover a higher incidence uncertainty score in SP patients versus PP patients after one month. This knowledge about a patient’s uncertainty, anxiety and optimism can direct nurses when implementing nursing interventions. Teaching plans can be developed around this information according to whether a patient is a PP, or a SP, and the difference in anxiety and uncertainty. Knowing how a Research...
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...abnormal is vital to look at especially cultural and historical relativism as well as the advantages and limitations at hand; one must first on the principle of multiple casualties as well as focusing on the connection of the body and mind. (Hansel, J, & Damour, L, (2008).) However while diagnosing a client one must be really careful due to the challenges of diagnosing someone with abnormal behaviors. What makes diagnosing so challenging is that it can be a bit complicated as well as diversely challenging mental disorders that usually involve both precipitating and predisposing causes. While it is vital while diagnosing to focus biological vulnerabilities as well as many theoretical perspectives such as psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and humanistic as well as biological , while each theoretical perspective has something important to contribute while the field of psychology is moving forward in explanations and...
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...live in a place where no hurt is present and forgiveness is unnecessary? Sounds like Heaven right? However, the act to forgive is one of the most challenging aspects of human life. It is difficult to display the act of forgiveness, especially when pain and pride is at the center of one’s heart. Often times, this act can be taken as weakness rather than strength. The Merriam- Webster definition for forgive is “to stop feeling angry or resentful toward an individual for an offense, flaw, or mistake”. This Journal Article Review will discuss intervention studies on forgiveness and obtain the following sections: summary, reflection, and application. It will also highlight forgiveness case studies and define forgiveness according to findings within the research analysis. The quote “Forgive, but never forget” is an oxymoron...
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...* A phobia is an overwhelming and unreasonable fear of an object or situation that poses little real danger but provokes anxiety and avoidance. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/phobias/basics/definition/con-20023478 The common phobia- * Fear of spiders (arachnophobia) * Fear of snakes * Fear of heights * Fear of closed spaces * Fear of storms * Fear of needles and injections * Fear of public speaking * Fear of flying * Fear of germs * Fear of illness or death * http://www.helpguide.org/mental/phobia_symptoms_types_treatment.htm the uncommon http://mentalfloss.com/article/57372/be-very-afraid-25-uncommon-phobias 1 session treatment --- One hundred and ninety-six youth, ages 7–16, who fulfilled Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria for various specific phobias were randomized to a one-session exposure treatment, education support treatment, or a wait list control group. After the waiting period, the wait list participants were offered treatment and, if interested, rerandomized to 1 of the 2 active treatments. The phobias were assessed with semistructured diagnostic interviews, clinician severity ratings, and behavioral avoidance tests, whereas fears, general anxiety, depression, and behavior problems were assessed with self- and parent report measures. Assessments were completed pretreatment, posttreatment, and at 6 months following treatment. Results showed that both treatment...
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...psychologists to want to learn about what is normal and abnormal behavior. People have tried for thousands of years to understand and define abnormal behavior. In the past 100 years it has undergone “tremendous change, progress, and controversy”(Hansell, J & Damour, L., 2009, p.3). Throughout the modifications certain principles have remained which are known as the core concepts. These core concepts are what define abnormal behavior. There is no clear precise definition for abnormal, which gives rise to challenges in classifying abnormal and normal behavior. Abnormal psychology is a scientific discipline, in which a person acquires information on a person’s behavior and then measures the behavior to hypothesize a cause and treatment. There is a core concept that says that there are multiple causes to abnormal behavior, understanding this can lead to learning about and treating abnormal behavior. These multiple causes can be comprehended by learning about the psychosocial, biological, and sociocultural theoretical models related to the development of abnormal behavior. Abnormal The study of abnormal behavior began early in time when people tried to explain deviant behaviors. Abnormal behavior may have been first attributed to evil spirits. It was common for abnormal behaviors to be associated with witches or sorcerers. With time different areas, such as the psychosocial, biological and sociocultural, saw that they could find an explanation for these odd behaviors. Throughout...
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...Major Principles of Sociological Theory According to the text, social structure “theories look at the formal and informal economic and social arrangements (or structure) of society as the root causes of crime and deviance” (Schmalleger, 2012, "Social Structures Theories/Definition of Social Structure Theories"). In addition, the social structure theories look at the negative aspects of society’s structure, such as disorganization, poverty, and disadvantages associated with lack of educational success as the cause of criminal behavior (Schmalleger, 2012, "Social Structures Theories/Definition of Social Structure Theories"). The major principles of the sociological theory that are addressed in the video are Tent City’s social group arrangements of society that provides focus for study, group dynamics and subgroup relationships from which crime develops, society’s structure and degree of organization/disorganization, and specific behaviors that can statistically estimate characteristics to engage in crime. The social groups formed in Tent City are racially motivated, meaning that each inmate is segregated to their own racial group to keep the different racial groups separated from each other. The group dynamics in a population of criminals that are divided into subgroups by race offers two examples the major principles. One example relates to the group being made up of all criminals, and the second example relates to the racially segregated subgroups...
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...Introduction to Personality Paper Debra L. Thompson PSYCH 405 May 21, 2012 DR. Barry Brooks PhD Introduction In the search for understanding behavior, the quest takes one to the subject of personality. This world is full of individual with different personality; some extrovert, some introvert, and some complex. This paper will define personality, examine theoretical approaches in studying personality, and analyze factors that may influence an individual’s personality development. Define personality In defining personality one must understand that many in psychology cannot agree on a solitary definition. These are many frames of reference and influences. The practitioner’s frame of reference and influences extend largely from their geographical areas in which each person has lived. The practitioner's experiences are as diverse as sands of a beach. However, the one definition extracted comes from Feist & Feist (2009), in which the author's state personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics. The authors go on to say within personality, there are two elements, traits, and characteristics. Traits provide for individual differences in conduct regularity of behavior over time and steadiness of behavior across circumstances. Traits are unique, or common to some group; however, each pattern is solitary to the person. Characteristics are singular aspects of a person who embodies such virtues as, temperament...
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...One of the most common psychological disorders in the US is Anxiety Disorder. By definition, anxiety disorder is a lifelong condition characterized by excessive and continual emotions of anxiety and fear (“Anxiety Disorder”). Anxiety disorders can have an absolutely frightening and weakening impact on lives and as well as an impact on physical and mental health. People who suffer from this disorder become overwhelmed and are unable to find balance in their lives, so their ability to find inner peace is difficult to accomplish. In the United States, eighteen percent of the population is affected by an anxiety disorder (“Anxiety and Depression Association of America”). The United States spends more than forty-two billion a year on this disorder...
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...Personality Paper Angela Hubbard PSY/405 April 24, 2013 PATRICIA STEM Personality Paper In the search for understanding behavior, the quest takes one to the subject of personality. This world is full of different personalities; some extrovert, some introvert, and some complex. Within this paper personality will not only be defined but will also be examined with theoretical approaches and will also analyze factors that might have an influence on an individual’s own personality development. In defining personality one must understand that many in psychology cannot agree on a solitary definition. This is because there are many frames of references and influences. The practitioner’s frame of reference and influences extend largely from their geographical areas in which each person has lived. The practitioner's experiences are as diverse as sands of a beach. However, the one definition extracted comes from Feist & Feist (2009), where the author states that personality is a pattern of permanent and unique traits and characteristics. The author states that within personality, there are two elements, traits, and characteristics that can truly define ones personality. This is important because traits that are provided show individual differences that conduct regularity of behavior over time and steadiness of behavior across circumstances. Traits are unique, or common to some group; however, each pattern is solitary to the person. Characteristics are singular aspects of a...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE This chapter presents the background of the study; the theoretical and conceptual frameworks; statements of the problem; the hypothesis; significance of the study; the scope and limitations of the study; and the conceptual definition of terms. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY College is a unique socialization experience. It’s the time when an individual is able to figure out who he or she is, as well as the type of friends he or she wants in his or her life. While intramurals, clubs, athletics, and dorm-life are common ways of socializing, joining Greek-life –Fraternity or Sorority– is also popular among college students. Fraternities and sororities provide many benefits to students such as leadership opportunities, participation in college activities, friendships and extended connections with other chapters around the nation. Although popular, induction into Greek organizations has become a problem because of the practice of hazing. As in many instances where new members are indoctrinated into an established organization there exists an imbalance of power. Various definitions exist to describe behaviors such as hazing and bullying but most emphasize “the continuity of harassment over time and the imbalance of power between the bullies and the victims.” (Adams, 1992; Leyman, 1990) This imbalance of power has the potential to create opportunities for abuse. Frequently this abuse manifests itself in the form of hazing. Hazing is defined as “…any...
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...lectures: CS model or Flow Chart. The old CS model pointed out a clear area when Challenge and Skill reached a balance spot which is known as “flow area”. Above the “flow” section where Challenge is high and the Skill of individual is low indicates the part that individual gets anxiety and below the “flow” section where Challenge is low and the Skill of individual is high shows the part that individual gets boredom. So here is when an idea came to my mind that there should be a third variable considering this model. Otherwise there should not be anyone who is really excited about doing the work he/she is familiar to, since the Challenge is low and Skill of individual is high. In my point of view, there are a few personalities should be considered. However, what matters more among those characteristics is Personal Interest. Therefore, I am adding the third axis to the original Flow Chart: Interest, which makes the model to become a three-dimensional model. Above is an example of the CSI Model after I put some theoretical data in the chart. The data should be acquired throughout some serious and meticulous research and investigation. But since this is a theoretical paper, I simply put some theoretical data that I acquired through my simulation in the chart. The new CSI Model is designed to demonstrate...
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...ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE WORK PLACE PART I – SECTION I - REFERENCE LIST Search Strategy To facilitate my search criteria, I sought the use of various search engines such as Google scholars, Bing, ProQuest and Academic OneFile. In order to identify what I was meant to research and comprehend, I used certain keywords and certain phrases which are relevant to the topic I picked. The following are the keywords that I picked for search purpose • Causes of anxiety in workplace • Workplace depression • Effect of Alcohol and drug dependence on workplace • Anxiety and work environment • Boredom in job • Stress in workplace • organizational commitment & employee discontent • Physical fitness and work related issues • Dealing with Anxiety and Depression • Coping with Anxiety and Depression • Impact of anxiety and depression on organization and economy I had analyzed the various key words which are related to the topic and compared sourced information from other related sites for the topic. To find how organizations deal with anxiety and depression and how this affects other employees I initiated discussions with the human resource dept and the different chiefs of the company that I work, namely Gulf Cement Co. The Preliminary research question that I will be addressing in the literature review What are the effects of anxiety and depression in the work place and how organizations deal with it? A list of 6 – 8 Keywords and their definitions...
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...Care Concept in Nursing Theoretical Foundations of Advanced Nursing Care Concept in Nursing Caring is a wide and assorted theory that can be defined in a number of ways. Caring is the practice by which nurses in a medical institution react to patients as exceptional people and make out their needs and feeling as they settle them. A large number of people consider caring as one of imperative aspects of nursing, to be precise, caring is a requisite component of nursing. Therefore, understanding the diverse concept is just like comprehending all that takes place in the nursing profession. Simply put, the concept of caring is a vital component of the nursing profession. Literature Review The concept of analysis is based on the empirical linguistics, but the most important issue is that, the nursing practice theories have their basis on the concept of analysis. Regardless of the wide variety of methodological strategies employed in the field of nursing, medical experts collectively concur that caring is not a retiring component that is correctly measured. Daly, Speedy, & Jackson (2009) states that Fealy argues that caring does not form the series of activities, but it forms the ways of taking actions that depend on the framework and is clear on the values. Leininger argues that caring is the most essential and critical ingredient to any curative process. Leininger, further dismisses the prospects of the responsibility to encourage nurses to get this concept of caring...
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...Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Paper David Brown, Charles Hodge PSY/300: General Psychology Susan Bonnell June 2, 2015 University of Phoenix Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Paper Abnormal psychology is the study of unusual behavior, thoughts, and emotion by members of a society (American Psychological Association, 2015). To meet the definition of abnormal, the behavior, actions, or thoughts must be atypical of the culture (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). Herein is where the challenge lies, due to the fact that our world encompasses many cultures and definitions of normal are significantly different from one region to the next. The paper will provide examples of abnormal psychology in the form of mental disorders and illnesses. Additionally, treatments for these disorders and illnesses will be discussed. Normal and Abnormal Psychology Normal and abnormal psychology can differ by culture. One’s normal behavior is that which allows for a society to maintain a productive and relationship driven life that does not differ drastically from the normalcy of said society (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). When an individual’s behavior is maladaptive to the culture he or she belongs, others will then classify said behavior as abnormal, and then will attempt to change that behavior. Wen-Sing Tseng, M.D. (2013), described a Latino man who hit his body and yelled very loudly, alone while in public, upon hearing of his wife’s death. The treating doctor was unsure if the man’s behavior...
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...paper is to discuss and analyze images, anxieties, and attitudes towards mathematics in order to foster meaningful teaching and learning of mathematics. Images of mathematics seem to be profoundly shaped by epistemological, philosophical, and pedagogical perspectives of one who views mathematics either as priori or a posteriori, absolute or relative, and concrete or nominal. These images, as perceived by an individual can play a significant role in the development of attitudes towards mathematics in the long run. Images of mathematics can have possible negative and positive impacts on teaching and learning of mathematics with the subsequent development of attitudes toward mathematics as positive or negative and also associated mathematics anxiety. A theoretical model with different combinations of images, anxieties, and attitudes toward mathematics can be a helpful tool to develop an understanding of the different relationships among them. Some pedagogical implications can be drawn from these relationships. Key Words: Image of mathematics, Mathematics anxiety, Attitude toward mathematics, Affect in mathematics education Introduction How do students perceive mathematics in schools? What are different images of mathematics that students perceive? How these images impact their learning? What is math anxiety? What are the causes of math anxiety? What is the relation of image of mathematics as perceived by students with math anxiety? What are different attitudes toward...
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