...However, their portrayal of what is beautiful has become distorted over the years, to the point where achieving this “thin-ideal”, which will be defined later, is nearly impossible for women if done through healthy means. Because of this, many women develop body dissatisfaction, which can lead to serious and dangerous consequences, such as the development of eating disorders, in order to be “beautiful”. While there are many factors that can be linked to eating disorders, research has found that the media’s influence on society’s portrayal of extremely thin females as the ideal body is directly correlated to the increase in body dissatisfaction, eating disorders and other harmful conditions found in women. By analyzing this from a feminist perspective, it can be argued that not only does the media’s influence on the idealization of thinness effect females physical and mental health negatively, but it also acts as reinforcement for the patriarchal culture prevalent in today’s society. There is a wide range of eating disorders, ranging from minor to severe. Body dissatisfaction, which is “a psychiatric condition in which the affected person suffers from a flawed perception that views some part of the body or physical feature to be defective or...
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... University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology. Boston, MA: Pearson. Associate Level Writing Style Handbook, available online at https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CWE/pdfs/Associate_level_writing_style_handbook.pdf All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Biopsychology | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1.1 Describe biopsychology and its theoretical framework. 1.2 Explain the affects of behavior on evolution. 1.3 Explain the concepts behind the nature versus nurture issue. | | | Course Preparation | Read the...
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...1. Introductory paragraph: Behavior therapy, is the application of experimentally developed principles of learning to the treatment of psychological disorders. The concept comes from work of Ivan Pavlov, who published on the use of conditioning techniques, and theories of abnormal behavior. Behavior-therapy techniques differ from psychiatric methods, particularly psychoanalysis, in that they are the symptom-oriented and show little or no concern for unconscious processes, attaining new insight, or effecting personality change. Name of Theory: Behavior Therapy/Behavioral therapy Theory’s developer: B.F. Skinner/ Albert Bandura/ Arnold Lazarus Basic Philosophy of the Theory: In behavior therapy, the view is that the person is the producer and the product of their environment. Behavior therapy aims to increase people’s skills so that they have more options for responding. By overcoming debilitating behaviors that restrict choices, people are freer to select from possibilities that were not available earlier. Thus, as behavior therapy is typically applied, it will increase individual freedom. 2. Key concepts of the theory and what is your analysis of the application of these fundamental concepts in the practice of counseling? Behavior therapy not only emphasizes current behavior but offers precise treatment goals, as well as varied therapeutic approaches. Objective evaluation of therapeutic outcomes and procedures are stated explicitly, tested, and revised on an as-needed basis...
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...On Emily’s first day, her physical health deteriorated rapidly. She needed to use walls to support herself whilst standing up and experienced multiple blackouts along with visual hallucinations. Emily’s physical presentation was alarming enough for my team to consider hospitalizing her and requesting she be detained under Section 2 of the Mental Health Act (2007) for being a danger to herself. The last time Emily was in hospital she tried to take her own life after being fed against her will. I felt as though Emily could restore a ‘steady state’ (also known as homeostasis) with regards to her physical and mental health without inpatient treatment via emphasising her already existing strengths. A strengths perspective is concomitant with the PCA because it is both empowering and values-led; both of which encourage service users to recognise their full potentials (Saleebey, 2006). The approach also works well within mental health services due to the strong focus on recovery and positive psychology (Petersen & Seligman, 2004). My existing rapport with Emily, along with my extensive understanding of her past, allowed for me to recognise many of her strengths e.g. promise, resilience, and capacity to change. By emphasising these traits, I hoped for Emily to achieve a positive self-fulfilling prophecy (also known as the ‘Pygmalion Effect’) (Rosenthal & Jacobson, 1968) as opposed to feeling as...
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...eating disorders, as well as affect other spheres of life. In examining the role of the Media and the negative effects it has on an individual one can clearly see that the issue have gotten to the point where young women live a life where they are mentally tormented and pressured to achieve one body type. Media attacks the subconscious mind and imprint false images of beauty which in turn leads to downward social comparison and allows young women to feel insecure in their own skin which leads them to a web of negative thoughts and feelings about their own bodies. The result of this mental and physical torment is evident in the mortality rate. According to the National Death Index, crude mortality rates in the United States were “4.0% for Anorexia Nervosa, 3.9% for Bulimia Nervosa and 5.2% for eating disorders not otherwise specified” (Bilgrad, 1990). This is an...
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...Theory in Practice This is a case of a 34-year old woman called June who is suffering from severe anorexia. She agrees to be placed on a feeding tube in order to save her life. On the evening before the tube is placed, June becomes disoriented and physical and totally refuses to have the feeding tube placed. The ethical dilemma sets in when the parents insist that the tube must be inserted despite her refusal, while the ex-husband wishes to uphold June’s final decision which most certainly will lead to her demise. The hospital administrators seek legal counsel in order to save the situation. This case though a sad one, presents with it several repercussions. This paper will explain the various implications that June’s case presents in the contemporary world and the various paths used to derive the elusive “right” decisions on the way forward. The patients’ bill of rights is a document that was developed by the American Hospital Association in order to improve the relationship between the patient, the medical staff and employees in the provision of health care. It enumerates several rights that a patient is entitled to before, during and after getting treatment. While this document is not law; it is very important in ensuring that all activities towards a patient’s health are carried out with consideration for their values and dignity (Maryland Hospital, 2011). The patient’s bill of right gives June several privileges as a patient concerning her treatment. First, she...
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...2/17/2016 HLSC12O: SOCIETY, CULTURE AND HEALTH Lecture One: Introduction Introductions Teaching staff: Please check your campus unit outline Unit Outline: Learning outcomes Assessment Content Group introduction and activity Assessment tasks Assessment Task Word length Weight (or equiv) Teamwork: Student Seminar 20‐25 mins 20% Written Exam 2,000 words 40% Reflective Writing Assignment 1,750 words 40% 1 2/17/2016 Topics for Today • A sociological approach and the sociological imagination • Biomedical model • Globalisation and health After this session you will be able to..... Explain basic features of a sociological approach to health and illness Describe the key characteristics of the biomedical model Define some of the key concepts that inform a sociological approach to health and illness Consider the value of a sociological approach to health and illness for health workers. Let’s start with some questions … o Why do people stop taking antibiotics before they have finished the packet? o Why do people smoke even when they know its unhealthy? o Why are women more likely to be diagnosed with depression than men? o Why are poor people sicker than rich people? o Why do people seek complementary and alternative remedies rather than going to the doctor? o Why do migrants to Australia have more accidents at work? o Why is there a 15‐20 year life expectancy gap between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australians...
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...Syllabus Course Description This course provides an overview of basic psychological principles that underlie human behavior and reactions to everyday life. Students are provided an opportunity to apply critical-thinking skills to psychological problems and issues. The basic tenets of psychology are presented from a historical perspective, with attention to research-based behavioral science. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: · University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. · Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Carpenter, S., & Huffman, K. (2010). Visualizing psychology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Psychology Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Describe the development of the discipline of psychology. 1.2 Compare and contrast research methods used to examine psychological phenomena. 1.3 Explain biological influences on the human brain. Readings...
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...Application of motivation and emotion principles in weight loss programs to lose weight effectively. Abstract Application of principles of motivation and emotion has significant influence on the effectiveness of weight loss in weight loss programs. I agree with this view and will justify it by introducing principles and backing them up with official academic research as evidence. Adverse emotions can facilitate weight gain and disruptions in dieting. I believe principles such as Drive Theory, Self-Determination, Self-Confrontation and Self-Efficacy can counter weight gain and promote weight loss in weight loss programs. The concept of exercise opposes this view as it states that it the level and moderation of physical activity directly affects motivation and emotion and hence, the regulation of motivation and emotion cannot do without exercise. However, further analysis will explain why this opposing argument is not concrete. The essay will demonstrate tighter links with how principles of motivation and emotion affect the measures of effectiveness in weight loss programs. Application of motivation and emotion principles in weight loss programs to lose weight effectively. Effects of motivation and emotion are the underlying core factors behind weight loss success. Research has shown that motivation is a strong determinant in self-regulation during weight loss (Teixeira et al., 2006). Also, it is reported that there is positive relationships between emotion-oriented...
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...Structural Family Therapy Janea Taylor St. Edward’s University July 22, 2014 CNCO 6364.01 Professor Michael S. Bishop, Ph.D., LMFT, LPC, PA Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to examine the theory upon which Structural Family Therapy is based. The history and construct of the theory, as well as a description of the techniques used while practicing this particular theory in application are discussed. An evaluation and critique are also provided, in addition to an overall summary of what was learned in the process of researching Structural Family Therapy. Keywords: structural family therapy, structural family theory, family systems Structural Family Therapy Historical Overview Structural Family Therapy (SFT) was created based on a theory developed by Salvador Minuchin which focuses on functioning within a family system (Nichols, 2014). Minuchin was born and raised Jewish in Argentina prior to moving to Israel where he became a physician. During the early 1960’s, he worked with at-risk youth within underprivileged sectors of society and poor families. As a result of his work with minority groups, Structural Family Therapy is one of the only theories with a sense of multi-culturalism. In 1967, Minuchin wrote a book entitled Families of the Slums which described his experiences with these families. While he was trained in psychodynamic techniques, he opted to take a different approach in working with this population by focusing on sociological...
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...iNTEGRATIVE Perpetual evolution: A dynamic integrative approach to developing praxis in counselling psychology Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology 2 The Impulse Toward Eclecticism 4 My Bohartian History 6 Adlerian Psychotherapy as Structured Eclecticism 10 My Adlerian Roots 11 Beyond Adler: Robertsonian Meme Therapy 13 The Nature of Self 13 The Potential for Using Memes in Counselling 15 A Use of Meme Theory in Counselling a Suicidal Youth 17 Holistic, Dynamic and Integrative: Looking Forward in Our Profession 21 Summarizing the Foundational Principles of My Practice 21 Revisiting Holism 23 Future directions 25 Footnotes 27 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology An early text lamented, “A good theory is clear, comprehensive, explicit, parsimonious, and useful. We appear to have a paucity of good theories in psychology” (Stefflre & Matheny, 1968). Lent attempted to reduce this paucity by formulating his own theory: Wellness is intended to capture the notion of health as a dynamic state or process rather than a static endpoint; psychosocial wellness acknowledges the importance of both intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The multiple aspects of wellness would include a) self-perceived (domain and/or global) satisfaction (hedonic well-being), b) domain/role satisfactoriness, c) presence of prosocial versus antisocial behavior, and d) low levels of psychologistical...
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...Athlete's foot (see Dermatophyte) is a common contagious fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas. Symptoms are caused by fungi such as Epidermophyton floccosum or fungi of the Trichophyton genus such asTrichophyton rubrum[1] or Trichophyton mentagrophytes.[2] This condition is also known as ringworm of the foot,[3] tinea pedis,[3] tinea pedum,[4] and moccasin foot[5]). The disease is typically transmitted in moist communal areas where people walk barefoot, such as showers or bathhouses, and requires a warm moist environment, (e.g., the inside of a shoe) to incubate. The condition typically affects the feet, but may infect or spread to other areas of the body such as the groin and tends to spread to areas of skin that are kept hot and moist, such as with insulation, body heat, and sweat. The fungal agents responsible for infection may be picked up by walking barefoot in an infected area or using an infected towel. Infection can be prevented by limiting the use of occlusive footwear and remaining barefoot.[6] Globally, it affects about 15% of the population Bacteria (i/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a fewmicrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most habitats on the planet. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs,radioactive...
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...PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE This course aims at preparing students for a professional journey in the growing field of psychology by creating interest and developing an understanding of basic concepts of the discipline. Its major concerns include fostering capability to meet the challenges of self-discovery and effective participation in responding to the needs of society. With a vision to create a balance between society and the individual, the course intends to enable students in developing abilities needed for meeting the challenges and needs of the real world effectively. Along with it, students would also be encouraged to build a relationship with oneself, requisite for self discovery. To this end, the course emphasizes on building the conceptual foundations and acquiring psychological skills through classroom teaching/learning consisting of reflective as well as creative engagement in exercises, projects and hands on experiences. The teaching-learning of the programme would be organized through lectures, group discussions, experiential exercises, group projects, presentations, workshops and seminars. Students would be encouraged to connect to real life issues and participate in the programs and practices in the different social context. To this end practicum is incorporated as an important component in most of the papers with hands on training in the use of various research methods such as: laboratory experiments, field experiments, observation, testing, survey, interview, case...
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...CHAPTER 12 Feminist Therapy Co-authored by Barbara Herlihy and Gerald Corey INTRODUCTION History and Development KEY CONCEPTS View of Human Nature Feminist Perspective on Personality Development Challenging Traditional Roles for Women Principles of Feminist Psychology THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS Therapeutic Goals Therapist’s Function and Role Client’s Experience in Therapy Relationship Between Therapist and Client APPLICATION: Therapeutic Techniques and Procedures The Role of Assessment and Diagnosis Techniques and Strategies The Role of Men in Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THERAPY APPLIED TO THE CASE OF STAN SUMMARY AND EVALUATION Summary Contributions of Feminist Therapy Limitations and Criticisms of Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THEORY FROM A MULTICULTURAL PERSPECTIVE Contributions to Multicultural Counseling Limitations for Multicultural Counseling WHERE TO GO FROM HERE RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS 340 SOME C O N TE M P O R ARY FEMINIST T H E R AP I STS Feminist therapy does not have a single founder. Rather, it has been a collective effort by many. We have selected a few individuals who have made significant contributions to feminist therapy for inclusion here, recognizing full well that many others equally influential could have appeared in this space, Feminist therapy is truly founded on a theory of inclusion. member of the board of trustees of the last two. In recent decades...
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...Running Head: Analysis of 1960s gendered media norms from the perspective of the 1960s and 2000s Analysis of 1960s gendered media norms from the perspective of the 1960s and 2000s Univers Communications 30 Gendered film norms from the 1960s and 2000s: An Introduction From its most primitive years, popular films have discussed the part of gendered norms both on screen and as viewers. Actually, emphasizing its significance to different account and standard patterns, violence against women has been conceptualized as immanent in typical Hollywood and all over more recent popular cinema. Various feminist film theorists have judged conventional filmmaking as comprised of creation and display practices imbricate in a certain set of social and political power relationships. In the procedure, these writers have proposed complicated expression of the relationships between filmic representations and cinema's place in society. The mainstream feminist film theory that grew in the 1970s depended on the idea of cinematic equipment by the help of which film technologies interrelated with the ideological determinants of the cinematic associations. In her work, most remarkably the essay, "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema," (1975) Laura Mulvey stressed the problem of the female aspects in classical Hollywood and, particularly, in films of Josef von Sternberg and Alfred Hitchcock. Female spectators are presented with a choice to make out with either a male character or secondary...
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