...Efficient use and installation of Thermal Mass to utilize solar thermal energy Submitted to: Dr. M.S. Soni Submitted by: Prateek Jain(2011B1A4696P) Chintan Singhvi(2011B2A4811P) Contents ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................... 3 KEY WORDS ................................................................................................................................................... 3 BASIC OPERATING PRINCIPLE ....................................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 4 THEORY ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Data Collected: ............................................................................................................................................ 11 Analysis of material thermal properties and performance: ................................................................... 11 Measurements of the hostel rooms: ...........................
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...COGON GRASS AS THERMAL INSULATING MATERIAL KRISELLE ANNE A. GERPACIO A Thesis Outline Submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING DECEMBER 2014 INTRODUCTION Significance of the Study Cogon grass known as Imperata cylindrical is considered as the one of the worst weed because it destroys the land where it grows. It deteriorates the nutrients of the soil thus creating problems to farmers. Hence, the researcher would like to study if this grass can be a substitute as thermal insulating material. If it can be an alternative, this research would really give great help to many farmers. Objectives of the Study The main objective of this study is determine whether Cogon grass can be a substitute as thermal insulator as compared to other traditional thermal insulating materials. Specifically, this study aims to: 1. determine the thermal resistance (R) of Cogon grass as thermal insulating material; 2. determine the thermal conductivity (k) of Cogon grass as thermal insulating material; 3. determine how much heat (Q) trasmit to the layer of the Cogon grass per second; and, 4. determine how much is the temperature gradient or temperature difference per unit thickness of piled Cogon grass. Scope and Limitation of the Study The study will be...
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...(HVAC) system of the laboratories must be designed for providing good indoor air quality (IAQ) to the workers in the laboratory and keeping the expensive equipment in good condition. For the investigations, a number of measurement equipments were used to obtain the IAQ data of the laboratories (i.e. dry bulb temperature, air humidity, air flow velocity, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, etc.). Some random subjective assessments on the workers in the laboratories were made to acquire information on the workers such as their thermal comfort rating, activity level and their clothing con-ditions. In this study, air temperature for Laboratories 1, 3 and 4, are 22.38, 20.53 and 19.50 LC, respectively, slightly below the ASH-RAE recommended air temperature. Besides, the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) for Laboratories 2 and 3 shows high TVOC concentration in the wash room and chemical room, which are 22.8 and 6.5 ppm, respectively. The study in terms of thermal satisfaction indicates an average performance of the air-conditioning system exists in the Pharmaceutical Laboratories. 2012 The Gulf Organisation for Research and Development. Production and hosting by...
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...removing air pollutants in the house. 2. Sizing up RTO and RCO heat transfer media Momtaz, Sameh W.; Truppi, Thomas J.; Seiwert, Jr., Joseph J. // Pollution Engineering; Dec97, Vol. 29 Issue 13, p34 Discusses various aspects on regenerative heat recovery systems for air emissions abatement. Heat transfer materials for packed bed regenerators; Criteria for ceramic media designs; Catalyst systems for regenerative oxidizers. 3. Breathe Easier Outside Momtaz, Sameh W.; Truppi, Thomas J.; Seiwert, Jr., Joseph J. // Body Bulletin; Sep99, p3 Presents tips on protecting against air pollution when exercising outdoors. Effects of inhaling bad air; Protection of lungs by antioxidants; Avoidance of vigorous exercise when the air is thick and still; Peak of ozone levels at noon; Avoidance of traffic jams. 4. Improve RTO Performance Meuier, Dennis; Guerra, Paul; Eldridge, James; Russell, James // Pollution Engineering; Jun2003, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p38 Focuses on the improvement of the process of regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) for air pollution control in the U.S. Benefits of incineration; Design of RTO; Presence of heat recovery media in canisters 5. Clean Coal Conferees Tell of Fights Against Air Pollution Goselin, Steven // Electric Light & Power; Jan1993, Vol. 71 Issue 1, p16 Addresses the questions on the capability of Clean Coal Technology (CCT) to help utilities keep down the costs of Clean Air Act compliance for both industries and consumers Addresses...
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...Centre for Pre-University Studies FRA/FRB FRA/FRB April Intake Semester 1 2015/2016 Lecture Notes Workbook FPIT1023 Information and Communication Technology Prepared By: chai li kuen, chang pei fah, chik soon leong Name of Student: ________________________________________ Class: ________________________________________ Name of Lecturer/Tutor: ________________________________________ *The contents are not for sale and strictly meant for internal circulation only. Main references supporting the course 1. Gary, B &Shelly 2012, Discovering Computers - Complete: Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World, Course Technology. 2. O’Leary, TJ & O’Leary, L I 2011, Computing Essentials, McGraw-Hill. Additional references supporting the course 1. Morley, D & Parker, CS 2013, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 14th edn, Course Technology, Thomson Learning, United States. 2. Williams, BK, Sawyer, SC 2013, Using Information Technology,10th edn, McGraw-Hill. Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers Objectives Overview: * Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information * Describe the five components of a computer * Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers * Distinguish between system software and application software * Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category *...
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...been used extensively in industries such as marine and transportation for more than 50 years. Yet in some industries composites are just now becoming a primary material of choice. The use of composites in the building industry is growing rapidly. Traditional benefits offered by composites are being recognized and utilized to address design limitations and can be used to reduce life cycle environmental and cost impacts. Learning Objectives • Define ‘Composite Materials’ and learn the history of composites in multiple industries and the factors that led the growth of composites in these industries. • Identify the design and performance attributes of composites used in other industries that are applicable to the building / construction market. • Review case studies that demonstrate how the inherent attributes of composites such as low weight, durability and low thermal conductivity, result in environmental and cost effective material options. • Explore web based education tools that offer case studies on the use of composites in construction and allow users to connect with composite fabricators that specialize in design, fabrication and installation of composite building materials. What is a Composite? Composite An engineered combination of materials that result in a finished material with better overall properties than the starting constituents. At a microscopic level, the constituent materials remain distinct within the finished structure. ...
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...Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 2 The Fire Problem 2 Methodology 5 Results and discussion 6 Processes of flame spread 7 Diffusion flame spread 8 Thermal Model 8 Transition to Turbulence 10 References 13 Abstract The fires problem is one of the hazard pose a threat to life and property. Flames behave differently under various conditions which include: the oxygen available, combustible material, orientation of surfaces, etc. this a complex phenomena which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. The research was performed by studying various sources in the library and in the internet and also performing experiments to simulate a real life situation. Introduction The Fire Problem The flammability of a material is a complex event which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. In order to better protect the people and property from risk posed by the unwanted fires, it become necessary to understands all these factors under different conditions. Babrauskas and Vytenis 1992 suggested that heat release rate is the main variable in fire hazard; but Kashiwagi and Ito argued effectively that, the flame spread over the surface...
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...Vik Shingadia CIS 210 4/19/15 Week 2: Assignment 1 Mark Stone Contents Introduction: 4 The Required Equipments : 4 Maintenance : 6 The Total Cost involved In The Creation The System : 8 Workflow Diagram : 9 Conclusion : 10 References : 11 Introduction: During dinner my sister talked about how she was frustrated with having to manually tack and reorder high demand items. She asked me if I could help her with an automated system, but has a very small budget. These days particularly in the past 10 years, even many smaller businesses have understood that computerized inventory management systems are very useful, accurate and make their jobs much easier than doing the same things manually. Inventory control is important to assure control in businesses that handle transactions revolving around consumer goods. The inventory control system must be able to warn the vendor when one of the items in the store is going to be out of stock soon and make the person who handles this kind of thing reorder (if it is a good system of course), otherwise maybe one day some important items can be out of stock, affecting the business negatively. Simply saying “we don't have that stuff right now”, is somewhat less than fully professional. The Required Equipments : Inventory management technology is a mix of hardware and software designed to add reliability to inventory accounting, reduce incidents of theft and facilitate inventory audits. Individual...
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...Heat Transfer Course Paper Name Institution Date Introduction To explore and work in space, the astronauts must carry their environment because there is no oxygen and atmospheric pressure to sustain life. The spacesuit is more than clothes an astronaut puts on in space. It’s really a small spacecraft. Its main work is to protect the astronaut when in space. Astronauts needs to put on spacesuits at any time they leave a spacecraft and are exposed to the surrounding space. In space, air to breath and air pressure is not available. Space has dangerous radiation and is extremely cold so without protection, an astronaut would rapidly die in space. The design of spacesuits is such that it protect astronauts from the radiation, cold and low pressure in space and furthermore provide air to breathe. Wearing a spacesuit permits an astronaut to be able survive and work in space. They also keep the astronaut from getting hurt by the space dust. The space dust always travel at a very high speed and may cause hurt to the astronaut. Moreover the suits holds drinking water for the astronaut. The spacesuit is made up of many parts that perform different roles. One of the parts protect the chest, another part covers the arms and connects to gloves and the helmet protects the head. The last part of this suit covers the astronaut’s feet and legs. Other parts of this suits are made up of many layers of material. The layers each performs different roles; some protect the astronaut from space...
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...becomes increasingly interesting both from a waste management perspective - to deal with increasing waste amounts while reducing the amount of waste deposited at landfills and from an energy system perspective to improve the flexibility of the energy system in order to increase the share of renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The object of analysis is waste which is not reused or recycled, but can be used for energy production. Different Waste-to-Energy technologies are analyzed through energy system analysis of the current Danish energy system with 13-14% renewable energy, as well as possible future Danish energy systems with 43% (2025) and 100% renewable energy (2050), respectively. The technologies include combustion, thermal gasification, anaerobic digestion, fermentation, and transesterification technologies producing electricity, heat, or transport fuel. In the USA, according to the US energy recovery council, there are 87 WTE plants producing 2,700 megawatts that results into 17 million of kwh per year which is enough to meet the needs for power for 2 million households. In the EU incineration is more popular. According to the confederation of European Waste to energy plants (CEWEP) the plants in Europe can supply annually about 13 million inhabitants with electricity and 12 million inhabitants with heat. Waste to energy is produced mainly by biological material and thus the energy produced is mainly biomass energy along with all its pros and cons. In addition...
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...Accounting Equipment An electronic calculator is a small, portable, often inexpensive electronic device used to perform both basic and complex operations of arithmetic. Modern calculators are more portable than most computers, though most PDAs or mobile phones are comparable in size to handheld calculators and may soon replace them. The first solid state electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus, developed arou nd 2000 BC; and the mechanical calculator, developed in the 17th century. It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day. Pocket sized devices became available in the 1970s, especially after the invention of the microprocessor developed by Intel for the Japanese calculator company Busicom. An adding machine was a class of mechanical calculator, usually specialized for bookkeeping calculations. In the United States, the earliest adding machines were usually built to read in dollars and cents. Adding machines were ubiquitous office equipment until they were phased out in favor of calculators in the 1980s and by personal computers beginning in about 1995. The older adding machines were rarely seen in American office settings by the year 2010. A spreadsheet is an interactive computer application program for organization and analysis of information in tabular form. Spreadsheets developed as computerized simulations of paper accounting worksheets. The program operates on...
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...the process parameters in EDM Describe the characteristics of EDM Identify the purpose of dielectric fluid in EDM List two common dielectric fluid Analyse the required properties of EDM tool List four common tool material for EDM Develop models for material removal rate in EDM Identify the machining characteristics in EDM Analyse the effect of process variables on surface roughness Analyse taper cut and over cut in EDM Identify different modules of EDM system Draw schematic representation of different electrical generators used in EDM Analyse working principle of RC type EDM generator 1. Introduction Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is an electro-thermal non-traditional machining process, where electrical energy is used to generate electrical spark and material removal mainly occurs due to thermal energy of the spark. EDM is mainly used to machine difficult-to-machine materials and high strength temperature resistant alloys. EDM can be used to machine difficult geometries in small batches or even on job-shop basis. Work material to be machined by EDM has to be electrically conductive. 2. Process Fig. 1 shows schematically the basic working principle of EDM process. V (-ve) I Fig. 1 Schematic representation of the basic...
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...(1) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 16.2) It is desired to transport liquid metal through a pipe embedded in a wall at a point where the temperature is 650K. A 1.2-m thick wall constructed of a material having thermal conductivity varying with temperature according to , where T is in K and k is in W/m.K, has its inside surface maintained at 925 K. The outside surface is exposed to air at 300 K with a convective heat transfer coefficient of 23 W/m2.K. How far from the hot surface should the pipe be located. What is the heat flux for the wall? (2) WWWR 17.13 A 2.5-cm-thick sheet of plastic (k = 2.42 W/m.K) is to be bonded to a 5-cm-thick aluminium plate. The glue that will accomplish the bonding is to be held at a temperature of 325K to achieve the best adherence, and the heat to accomplish this temperature is to be provided by a radiant source. The convective heat transfer coefficient on the surfaces of both the plastic and aluminium is 12 W/m2.K, and the surrounding air is at 295 K. What is the required heat flux if it is applied to the surface of (a) plastic? (b) aluminium? (3) (Modified from Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 16.1) The steady state expression for heat conduction through a plane wall is . For steady state heat conduction through a hollow cylinder, an expression similar to the equation is Where is the log-mean are defined as a. Show that as defined above satisfies the equations for...
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...Applied Thermal Engineering 29 (2009) 75–90 www.elsevier.com/locate/apthermeng An axiomatic design approach in development of nanofluid coolants In Cheol Bang a,*, Gyunyoung Heo b b a Energy Sciences, Global Edge Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S6-13 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyunggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea Received 4 September 2007; accepted 4 February 2008 Available online 12 February 2008 Abstract The experimental data for nanofluids in thermal-fluid systems have shown that the new fluids promise to become advanced heat transfer fluids in terms of thermal performance. While enhancing thermal characteristics, the solid–liquid mixtures present an unavoidable disadvantage in terms of pumping cost for economic operation of thermal-fluid systems. In addition, there is a lack of agreement between experimental data provided in the literature. The present work found that there would be no comprehensible design strategy in developing nanofluids. In this work, the Axiomatic Design (AD) theory is applied to systemize the design of nanofluids in order to bring its practical use forward. According to the Independence Axiom of the AD theory, the excessive couplings between the functional requirements and the parameters of a nanofluid system prevent from meeting the functional goals of the entire system. At a parametric level, the design of a...
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...Summaries: Printers were the main topic of this video clip. There were three separate printers that were mentioned throughout the video: the Dot Matrix Printer, the Inkjet Printer, and the Laser Printer. After learning how to identify the printers, the video progressed into how to identify the four different connectors: centronics, parallel, USB, and SCSI. The main purpose of this video was to demonstrate how to properly connect a printer in order to enhance its performance. Topics: A Printer_Hardware 1. Dot Matrix 2. Inkjet Printer 3. Laser Printer 4. Six steps in Laser printing 5. Problems with Laser Printers 6. Printer Interfaces 7. Installing a Printer 8. Improving performance 9. Spooling 10. Queue Definitions: 1. Dot Matrix – a grid of dots that are filled selectively to produce an image on a screen or paper. 2. Inkjet Printer - a printer in which the characters are formed by minute jets of ink. 3. Laser Printer – a printer, linked to a computer, producing good-quality printed material by using a laser to form a pattern of electrostatically charged dots on a light-sensitive drum, which attract toner (or dry ink powder). The toner is transferred to a piece of paper and fixed by a heating process. 4. Spooling – Software that manages sending jobs to the printer. When an application prints a document, the formatted output is stored on disk, and the print spooler feeds the print images to the printer in the background...
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