... As Yukl (2010) summarized in our assigned readings, most definitions of leadership in organizations refer to the process in which one person influences others in a group. In this paper I will be discussing the overview of the major research approaches and my selection of which I believe to be most effective. Research approaches Most leadership literature classify research approaches in to five major categories: the traits approach, the behavior approach, the power-influence approach, the situational approach and the integrative approach (Yukl, 2010). Following is a definition of each: • Trait approach- This approach tries to find physiological, demographic, personality, intellective, task related and social characteristics that identify leader emergence and effectiveness (Trait Theory of Leadership, 2011). • Power-influence approach- This approach attempts to measure effectiveness based on the different ways managers use power and influence to get things done (Leadership Styles , 2011). • Situational approach- This approach emphasizes on contextual factors that affect leadership behaviors (Yukl, 2010). • Integrative approach- Integration is the most commonly used today, which means to use more than one of the previously mentioned approaches (Yukl, 2010). Approach Selection After reviewing the major approaches to researching leadership I believe one style isn’t sufficient to properly measure effectiveness. For this...
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...Week 2 Liesl Kern CSU-Global Campus Operations Management – OPS400 Paul Gioia 01/22/13 The Three Strategic Approaches The three strategic approaches to competitive advantage are differentiation, cost leadership, and response. All of these make a company competitive. Each company is different and chooses how they stay competitive. The three approaches come across all differently but each is an excellent outlet to stay competitive. Differentiation “Boston Market Corporation, headquartered in Golden, Colorado, has been giving time back to busy people since 1985”(“Boston Market”, 2013, para.1). Boston Market uses the differentiation approach when competing with their large market of competitors. The fast food market is large and it takes a strong company to be successful. Boston market thrives because they want you get fast service but quality food. “For the price of a sub sandwich and chips at other restaurants, Boston Market puts quality, flavor and wholesomeness on the center of the plate” (“Boston Market”,2013, Para.3). The atmosphere Boston Market creates is made to feel like someone is eating a good home cooked meal. Boston Market is a big go-to for the thanksgiving meals. Thanksgiving is the most sought after home cooked meal and people flock to Boston Market for it. “From a full, catered dinner where orders must be placed in advance to Heat & Serve and A La Carte options, the company that does Thanksgiving all-year-long has easy options for guests who’d rather...
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...Four Models of Leadership Lisa S. Patrick University of Phoenix Four Leadership Models There are theories that suggest characteristics, behaviors and relationships that inspire and create effective leaders and followers within organizations. The Trait Leadership Model, Behavior Leadership Model, Situational Leadership Model, and Charismatic Leadership Model provide assumptions built on theories from approaches that incorporate characteristics, leader behaviors, outcomes affected by situations and how leader relationships inspire change in an organization. Differences and similarities exist among these approaches and may address some of the contemporary leadership and challenges in organizations. Trait Leadership Model The Trait Model examined specific traits researchers believed were associated with leadership and focused on the innate characteristics that make good leaders. This body of research included theories that “leaders were born and not made” (Clawson, 2006, p. 379) in the “Great Man” Theory of Leadership. Kouzes (2003) believes that to view a few men and woman as innate greatness is wrong and that heroes do exists in organizations. Other Theorists like Stogdill’s Leadership Traits, Maccobys Leader, and John Gardner’s Leaders noted characteristics believed to make great leaders. Stogdill believed leaders were strong, task-oriented, confident, handled stress, and accepted responsibility for actions were qualities of a good leader (Clawson, 2006; Clemers...
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...I. Introduction Leadership has gained more attention of researchers from the whole world. Leadership is needed to corporations because it could bring extra assets to organizations and increase the line of bottom ultimately. There is a wide variety of theoretical approaches to analysis the complexities process of leadership. The essay will introduce three main leadership approaches: Trait approach, Situational & Contingency approach and Transformational approach. These approaches have their similarities and distinction. Compare and contrast these three research strands and critically discuss what they contribute to our understanding of leadership effectiveness. Discuss with example to indentify how I understand about these approaches by using real organization and how they work and help the organizations more efficiency. II. Three Leadership Approaches 1. The Trait Approach As one of the earliest theories of leadership, Trait approach suggests that certain individuals have special inborn characteristics or qualities which support people to be leaders, and that it is these qualities that differentiate them from non-leaders. (Northouse P.G 2013) Personal attributes or characteristics of leaders, such as physical and personality trait, competencies and values are the key ideas of trait approach. (Gardner. J.W 1989) Self-confidence, intelligence, ambition, perseverance, assertiveness, emotional stability, creativity, and motivation such a list of characteristics is...
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...LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS OF LEADERSHIP THEORIES AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS WRITTEN BY: ANKITA PATIL BATCH: BABM-1 UNIVERSAL BUSINESS SCHOOL CONTENTS Serial No. | Title | Page No. | 1 | INTRODUCTION | 3 | 2 | LEADERSHIP | 3 | 2.1 | LEADERSHIP APPROACHES | 4 | 2.1.1 | TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP | 5 | 2.1.2 | TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP | 6 | 2.2 | REALATION BETWEEN TRANFORMATIONAL AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP | 7 | 2.3 | X AND Y THEORY | 8 | 3 | WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE? | 9 | 3.1 | MODLE OF THE CHANGE PROCESS | 9 | 3.1.1 | FORCE-FIELD ANALYSIS | 9 | 3.1.2 | THE THREE STEP MODEL | 10 | 3.2 | TYPES OF PLANNED CHANGE | 11 | 3.3 | IMPACTS OF CHANGE | 12 | 4 | CONCLUSION | 12 | 5 | REFERENCES | 13 | 1. INTRODUCTION: I choose to do the live project in ‘Max Elastic Technocraft’ which is an upcoming elastic manufacturing company. The company’s manufacturing unit is based in Varap gaon, Kalyan-Murbad Road, Murbad. The company is under the SME segment and has annual turnover of Rs. 10,00,00,000. The company manufactures all kinds of elastic bands which include woven elastics, jacquard elastics, mobilon tapes, furniture elastic, shoe elastic etc. There are total 150 employees which includes 2 HR Heads, 10 managers, 20 assistant managers, 5 technical heads, 7 technicians, 10 operation managers, 3 finance officers. The rest are the workers who handle machines according to their shifts. There are 41 machines in the company. The company follows two...
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...Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: a potential pathway for an increased understanding of interpersonal influence F. WILLIAM BROWN* AND DAN MOSHAVI College of Business, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, U.S.A. Summary Non-cognitive emotional intelligence could potentially contribute to a more holistic understanding of interpersonal influence and leadership; however, significant issues of definition, psychometric independence, and measurement must be conclusively resolved. Possible relationships between emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and individual/organizational outcomes are described and further investigation is encouraged. Copyright # 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Introduction Of all the issues integral to organizational behavior, few, if any, concepts have been the object of as much conjecture, study, and consideration as have leadership and social influence. An understanding of the capacity to influence others has captured the attention of practitioners, academics, and social commentators throughout history. During the 20th century, progress toward a more complete understanding of influence and leadership was characterized by alternating cycles of excitement and despair. As the mid-20th century approached, the notion that innate qualities shaped personality and behavior continued to be well accepted and supported. Despite this, there was a desire for more complete descriptions of the complexity of leadership, for a less deterministic...
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...political uncertainty (Garten, 2008). Hambrick and Mason (1984) have also stated that because leaders of corporations are empowered to make a decision, they have an important impact on team characters and outcomes. The importance of leadership is definitely obvious. However, different approaches to leadership can lead to totally converse results. Authoritarian and laissez faire are two typical styles. The former means individuals control over all decisions with little input from group members, it is dominant and self-reliant. Conversely, the latter depends on teamwork, and be more democratic. This essay will firstly compare these two approaches to leadership in successful multinational companies in various aspects and then illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of each one respectively. Finally, it will analyse and evaluate the appropriate applications in terms of creating sustainable success, which includes steady period management and crisis management. What should to be emphasized is that it is unfair to define one leader as an exact example of an authoritarian leader or a laissez faire leader, thus, in this essay, I only classify leaders by the some characters they showed. The differences of these two modes are primarily demonstrated in three aspects. First of all, the personal characters showed during the work are definitely distinct. Authoritarian leaders are always confident and decisive, and they have powerful mentality, which leads to making decisions with less input...
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...Leadership and Organisations Assessment Task One: Essay Focus on the question Remember that there are two elements to this question. You must therefore ensure you give sufficient attention to both elements of the question in order to pass. "Since the early 20th century, there have been many strands of research that explore what effective leadership is. Compare and contrast the following three leadership approaches/theories" * Trait approach (Remember there are many people who have researched leadership traits which you can draw on) * Situational leadership theory (Remember the essay is asking you to concentrate on situational leadership theory (Blanchard et al. 1985) specifically here and not other situational/contingency based models) * Transformational leadership theory (Bass and Avolio's (1990; 1994) transformational leadership theory is the main theory to explore although there are others you could also include in the discussion e.g. Burns (1978)) Key terms - Compare and Contrast Compare - Identify the similarities and differences between two or more phenomena. Say if any of the shared similarities or differences are more important than others. ‘Compare’ and ‘contrast’ will often feature together in an essay question. Contrast - Similar to compare but concentrate on the dissimilarities between two or more phenomena, or what sets them apart. Point out any differences which are particularly significant. Key terms - Compare and Contrast ...
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...Completion of HCX XXX California State University XXXX XXXX Dr. XXXXX 1. The Situation/Challenge: Organizational leadership challenges occur at various levels within health care settings. The model and behavior of a leader is detrimental to the overall team effort and that of one’s ability as a manager to effectively motivate, inspire, and empower staff. Employee motivation and empowerment is a critical asset to one’s dedication and commitment to an organization and it is necessary that leaders act upon critical factors of contemporary leadership theories and approaches to enhance the working experience in conjunction to management of health care personnel. a. Who, What, Where, When Why: Within UCLA health system’s ambulatory specialties, there are various leaders and appointed managers who work with different teams of diverse personnel who are under a lot of stress as a result of high work load and departmental demand. Working in health care is a stressor in its own. There are various responsibilities and duties placed upon staff and the possibility of job dissatisfaction and burnout are very high. Unfortunately, not always is the best leadership approach enforced when addressing departmental concerns or issues with staff. It is important that health care managers consider and enforce the most effective leadership approach based on situational occurrences and factors such as one’s emotional intelligence. “Emotional intelligence involves the ability to...
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...Leadership = The ability to influence, lead, or guide others so as to accomplish a mission in the manner desired by providing purpose, direction, and motivation. Three major approaches to studying leadership are as follows: Traits approach: Leaders are born Behavior approach: How you act determines what kind of leader you will be, and what your leadership style is. Contingency approach: There is no one best way to lead. The study of leadership has produced a multitude of perspectives and theories. It is a daunting but rewarding challenge for professors to synthesize the literature and present it to aspiring leaders in a meaningful way. Introduction The study of leadership has been a popular topic for debate since scholars first recognized the impact leadership has on the success of an organization. In higher education, investigative efforts into what epitomizes leadership have played an integral part in the development of educational leadership programs. What is leadership? What are the theoretical constructs taught to aspiring leaders? The purpose of this paper is to synthesize the literature on the major approaches to the study of leadership. Major Approaches to the Study of Leadership According to Wolverton, Gmelch, Montez, and Nies (2001), leadership is the essential element that holds an organization together while moving it forward. Definitions and assumptions about leadership are numerous and varied. As early as 5000 years ago, Egyptian hieroglyphics...
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...article: Sexual harassment Sexual harassment is behavior that denigrates or mistreats an individual due to his or her gender, creates an offensive workplace, and interferes with an individual being able to do the job.[17] Teams[edit] Main article: Team Job-related attitudes and emotions[edit] Organizational behavior deals with employee attitudes and feelings. Job satisfaction is the feelings one has about the job or facets of the job, such as pay or supervision[18] Organizational commitment is the extent to which employees feel attachment to their organization.[19] Emotional labor concerns the requirement that employees display certain emotions, like smiling at customers.[20] Leadership[edit] Main article: Leadership There have been a number of approaches and theories that concern leadership. Early theories focused on characteristics of leaders, while later theories focused on leader behavior, and conditions under which...
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...| Organizations and Behavior | A Theoretical Perspective | Muhammad Ariful Islam 01-Aug-12 | Contents Introduction 3 1. Understanding of Different Approaches to Management and Leadership 3 1.1 Comparison of Effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations 3 1.1.1 Autocratic Leadership Style 3 1.1.2 Democratic or Participative Leadership Style 4 1.1.3 Free Rein Leadership Style 4 Table: 1 5 1. 2 The Best Suited Leadership Style in this Scenario 5 1. 3. How Organisational Theory Supports the Practice of Management 5 1.3.1 Classical Theory 5 1.3.2 Neoclassical Theory 6 1.3.3 Contemporary Theory 6 1.4. An Evaluation of Different Approaches to Management Used by Different Organizations 6 1.5. Organisations that Adopt Different Approaches of Management 8 2. Understanding of the Ways of Using Motivational Theories in Organisations 8 2.1 The Impact of Different Leadership Style on Motivation in the Periods of Organizational Change 8 2.2 An Effective Leadership Style Can Help to Achieve Organisational Objectives 8 2.3 Comparison of the Application of Different Motivational Theories within the Workplace 9 2.4 ‘Motivation can Increase Employee’s Performance’- A Justification with Argument 9 2.5 The Usefulness of a Motivation Theory for Managers 9 3. Understanding of the Mechanisms for Developing Effective Teamwork in Organisations 10 3.1 The Nature of Groups and Group Behaviour Within Organisations 10 ...
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...Essay Introduction: Leadership is a process by which individuals influence employees toward the achievement of organizational objectives (Dubrin, 2009). Leadership is probably the most frequent researched subject in the organization sciences. Many studies of leadership have been published and many leadership articles have been written in business-oriented publications and academic journals and books. Leadership has been researched in various different ways, depending on the methodological preferences of the researcher leadership definition (Achua, 2009). Most scholars deal only with leadership’s one narrow aspect, and as a result, most of the studies fall into distinct lines of research which include leader traits, behaviour, power and influence, and situational approaches. Literature Analysis: Are leaders born or made? This question has always dominated and still continues to dominate the leadership study (Dubrin, 2009). Although many research papers have been written, little to no conclusive evidence can be researched; the leadership topic remains elusive (Achua, 2009). However, with fifty years or more of study, some of the contributing factors or origins of leadership have become clearer. While no predictive model exists, scholars know what leads to leadership. One difficulty in discussing the leadership is its definition. Burt Nanus and Warren Bennis (Torrington and Hall, 2008) report ore that three hundred definitions of leadership that leadership researchers have generated...
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...Overview of the Book The author of the book “John P Kotter” is one of the business leadership experts worldwide. In this book, he shares his experiences of the change process within organizations. He has been observing the change process for about 30 years. He studies a paradigm shift of old management models that are not compatible with today’s fast paced changing business environment and shifting global economy. The book has a lot of helpful advice about dealing with this change process. The book is a guide for today’s organizations to deal with the new technology innovation, economic uncertainty, and ever changing. It’s divided into three sections. The first two chapters discuss the reasons behind the failure of more than 100 companies of making themselves better competitors. The author discusses the reasons behind the failure of most organizations even though they throw money and effort to win, and how executives and leaders can turn the thinking processes and behavior of large groups around. Many organizations are failing because they follow the philosophy “if it’s not broke, don’t fix it”. The author calls companies to embrace transformations from the old strategy of micro-managing, constant strategizing, downsizing, and new cost-cutting approaches to the twenty-first century strategy of leading change. The author talks about how managers and leaders are quite different, and explains that manager is trained to think in a risk-limiting manner. The next section discusses...
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...ASSIGNMENT #1: ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP Introduction This paper analyzes and describes the founding leaders, their leadership styles, and major business principles. It also describes founding leaders with profit orientated and social responsibility orientated approaches. Finally, it gives resources or tools available through Small Business Administration (SBA) and Service Corps of Retired Executive (SCORE) that would be most useful to the type of entrepreneurial approach identified with. Founding Leaders, Leadership Styles and Major Business Principles In the profit oriented leadership style, in which the primary goal is to provide a product or service to consumers and to make a profit, the founding leader is Adam Smith. Adam Smith is identified as the father of capitalism. His leadership style is based on the capitalist model of Laissez Faire. Laissez-Faire leadership style is a non-authoritarian leadership style. Laissez faire leaders try to give the least possible guidance to subordinates, and try to achieve control through less obvious means. Capitalism is an economic system in which the primary motive is to make a profit with little or no regards for the welfare of the population. For example Adam Smith said, “Nobody but a beggar chooses to depend chiefly upon the benevolence of his fellow-citizens. Even a beggar does not depend upon it entirely” (Smith, 2005, p.18). Adam Smith described the concept of capitalism in his book, The Wealth of Nations, published...
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