...Macro Systems Holly Regan BSHS/325 February 16, 2015 Mary Carlisle Macro Systems What are systems in the social environment? Systems are a set of elements that are interrelated to make a functioning whole. Systems larger than a small group denotes a macro system which involves focusing on the social, political, and economic policies and conditions that affect people’s overall access to resources and quality of life. Macro practice in social work, then, consists of striving to improve the social and economic circumstance in which people live (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2010). Empowerment is a process used to assist individuals, families, groups and communities to use their strengths to overcome the challenges they presently face by implementing resources and tools around them. Personal empowerment is in reference to an individual’s competence and strength and ability to create change and focuses on ways to develop personal power and self-efficacy. It also points toward a biased state of mind, a feeling of competence within oneself, and experiencing a sense of control. Interpersonal empowerment refers to one’s ability to influence others and is derived from two sources. The first source is based on social status such as class, sex, and gender and the second source is power which comes from learning new skills and securing new positions in addition to successful interactions with others and the respect others have for us. Political empowerment is in reference...
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...ST GREGORY THE GREAT PROVINCIAL MAJOR SEMINARY NAME: SETH FRIMPONG COURSE: DIVERSITY OF PEOPLE AND CULTURES TOPIC: SOCIALIZATION 1.0 Definition / Scope Sociologists, Social Psychologists, anthropologists, as well as Educationalists and Politicians use the word “Socialization” in reference to the process through which an individual inherits the norms, customs and ideologies of the social order they live in. Socialization is necessary for making an individual capable of interacting within the society and a society itself shares the common values, customs, norms, traditions languages etc. Socialization is the process whereby the helpless infant gradually becomes a self-aware, knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which she or he is born. Socialization is not a kind of ‘cultural programming’, in which the child absorbs passively the influences with which he or she comes into contact. Socialization is a lifelong process by which one keep learning and developing oneself as a human being. Socialization process is very important as it teaches one to behave in a society. Without socialization, one would not be able to learn the accepted customs, norms, symbols, languages and behaviours. Socialization helps one develop and shape one’s place by learning social skills. Socialization in a layman’s sense is the process of learning from others. This learning process starts right after birth or after the emergence from the womb. It is Socialization...
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...injury and it can create new problems causing a domino effect making it impossible for one to recover fully. However, the loss of a job is not why families continue to live on the street. According to the National Coalition for the Homeless, 44 percent of the homeless have a job. “More than four decades ago in 1967, a year round worker earning the minimum wage was paid enough to raise a family of three above the poverty line” (Employment and Homelessness). However, since then minimum wage has not increased enough to cover inflation. “In today’s current market, a full-time minimum wage worker working 40 hours a week and 52 weeks per year would earn $13,624, nearly 25 percent below poverty level” (Employment and...
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...Childhood Obesity: That Turns Out To Be Major Adult Health Issues Thesis Statement: Childhood obesity in America can be controlled if a healthy lifestyle of exercise and healthy eating can be incorporated into each child's day. I. Childhood obesity in America A. Growing Epidemic B. Statistics II. Problems That Contribute to Obesity A. Advertisements B. Fast Food C. Game Systems III. Health Concerns A. Diabetes B. Heart Diseases C. High Blood Pressure D. Asthma IV. School System A. Healthy Foods B. Physical Education C. Healthy Lifestyle Education V. Activities and Diet A. Exercise B. Healthy Foods CHILDHOOD Childhood Obesity: That Turns Out To Be Major Adult Health Issues There is an update on one of the biggest epidemics in the world and that is childhood obesity that eventually becomes major health issues for adults. Over recent years and our economy in trouble, there have been budget cuts that affected our school systems. A several years ago the elementary schools had physical education five days a week, then it was changed to three times a week and now some of our schools only offer P.E. twice a week. Our children are not given the chance to run and play so that they can burn calories that they so much need. We need to get Physical education back into our schools and our children outside playing more often and as parents we need to take away the computers and game systems to get our children back outside running and playing...
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...Magnitude and perceived impact of child fosterage on HIV/AIDS orphaned children: A case study of Mathare a suburb of Nairobi BY JAMES NYANJWA SW/02/10 A research proposal submitted to the department of sociology and psychology for the requirements of the Bachelor of Arts degree in Social Work MOI UNIVERSITY 4TH NOVEMBER, 2013 DECLARATION AND RECOMMENDATION Declaration by candidate I hereby declare that the work presented in this research proposal is my own work Citation from other information sources is given where applicable. No part of this document is to be reproduced in any other form, be it print or electronic without permission from the copyright holder Name……………………….Sig……………….date…………………. Recommendation by Supervisor This proposal has been submitted with my approval as the Departmental supervisor Name………………….Sig……………….Date…………… DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my beloved brothers Victor Onyuka and Philip Ogola without whose caring and financial support it would not have been possible and I would also like to dedicate this work to the memory of my parents, my loving dad Joseph Onyuka and caring moms Pamela Anyango and BeldineAoko who passed on the love of reading and respect for education. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Masinde for impacting us with knowledge on research proposal. I want to thank most profoundly Mrs. Adeli for her guidance on the relevance materials needed in writing research proposal...
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...the Top Against the Special Needs Nagita Sykes DeVry University NCLB/Race to the Top Against the Special Needs Nadia is a bright, outgoing and caring child that was born with some issues that started to effect her at a young age. At the age of 2 I noticed that she was not speaking like other children her age and I also noticed she was not catching on to basic social skills that other kids were doing. Kids her age in her day care class we asking for things in three word sentances and beign able to pull down their pants when they went potty. Nadia had extreme difficulty in all these areas. I started out by taking her to the doctor and expressed my concerns and then he suggest we see a speech therapist and from there we went to see a pediatric neuropsychologist who diagnosted Nadia with pervasive development delay and said we should see help from the department of education as they have intervention for kids her age. At the time I was a single parent and also active duty in the US Army and did not know how this child was about to change my life and how I viewed kids with any disabilities. She was finally at the age of 7 diagnosed with Expressive Language Delay and ADD with some developmental delays. All this was new to me and I did not know how this would affect my child in the public education system. From each grade Nadia had a hard time concentrating, being at grade level with English and Math. She also had short term memory issues and being able to express herself...
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...economy. To be successful in another country, it is essential to understand and appreciate the cultural differences that exist. Business practices and ideas that work well here in the United States may not necessarily be expected to do so in other cultural environments. If you were considering an expansion of your current business into an Asian country, what cross cultural challenges might you encounter? Task: Write an essay (suggested length 3–5 pages) in which you do the following: A. Discuss three major cross-cultural differences that would need to be taken into consideration if your company were to expand into this market based on your selected country. I have chosen to take my business into the Asian country of the Philippines. There will be many cross-cultural differences that will need to be considered prior to the expansion from the United States. Three of these major cross-cultural differences I would like to emphasize on are first, the language barrier; second, I will be covering legal barriers; and third, I will discuss the labor barriers. Language Barrier I chose this as a major barrier in a cross-culteral transition of my business, because, although the Philippines’ national language is Tagalog, and English is understood and spoken throughout, this does not...
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...effectiveness.” The goal setting has for motivational steps. (1) Goals direct attention. That is the focus an employee's attention on what is relevant and important. (2) Goals regulate effort. Not only do goals direct our attention, they motivate us to act. (3) Goals increase persistence. Persistence represents the effort expended on a task over an extended period of time. (4) Goal foster strategies and action programs. Goals encourage people to develop strategies and action programs that enable them to achieve their goals In evaluating Allstate company goal setting process Allstate has taking four specific steps on how to accomplish different task. The first step is Succession Programming. A diverse slate of candidates is identified and developed for each key position. Allstate's management information system enables it to track and measure key drivers of career development and career opportunities for all of its employee's, ensuring that the company's future workforce will be diverse at all levels. Step two: Development. The company's development process, all employees receive an assessment of their current job skills and a road map for developing the critical skills necessary for advancement. Step three: Measurement. Twice a year the company takes a snapshot of all employees through a survey called the Diversity Index. Finally step four: Accountability and Reward. To help employees maintain a balance between work and person life, Allstate has a number...
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...Teenage Pregnancy in the U.S. Brandon Lisak Principals of Sociology 4/31/2014 “Each year in the U.S. almost one million teenagers become pregnant at enormous costs to themselves, their children, and society”. (Pregnant Teen Help, Teen Pregnancy Statistics) Some would argue that teen pregnancy is all glorified. Other individuals would protest that it is too influential. Teen pregnancy is a rising social problem in the United States and among other countries. Teen pregnancy is now being publicized as multimedia corporations, with shows such as “16 & Pregnant”, “Teen Mom”, “Maury”, “Secret Life of the American Teenager”, and “Juno”. All of which concentrate on teen pregnancy. These shows or movies could be informational for young people. However, the shows display an altered reality that teen pregnancy is easy, laughs and joy. Despite what the shows might portray teen pregnancy is an uprising national and global epidemic. In the past teen pregnancy has been an underline issue that is vastly taking center stage. Media, education, and economy are all components to this phenomenon, nevertheless, how are they all connected? All of which will all be addressed in the contents of this paper. Which leaves the burning question, is teen pregnancy accepted into our society as a norm, or is it still a deviant act? First and for most, there are many different definitions of teenage pregnancy depending on the source of the information. However, as a broad definition defines teenage...
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...|03. |Mahmudur Rahman Polash |141 64 015 | |04. |Md. Mohsin Alam |132 64 001 | |Section: 01 | Date of Submission: 28-03-2015 Letter of Transmittal March 28, 2015 Dr. Salehuddin Ahmed Course Instructor BRAC Business School BRAC University Subject: Submission of report on “Human Development of Bangladesh” Dear Sir, With due respect & humble submission, we the students of M.B.A. Spring 2015, are submitting the report on “Human Development of Bangladesh”. It gives us immense pleasure to inform you that we have completed the report under your kind hearted direct supervision. Now, we have placed this report before you for your approval. We hope that our report will satisfy you. Sincerely yours, ………………………… RubaiyaBinte Mustafa ID: 14164005 ………………………… Sigma Sharmeen KhanPrema ID: 14164010 …………………………. Mahmudur Rahman Polash …………………………... Md. Mohsin Alam ID: 13264001 Acknowledgement At first we would like to thank Almighty...
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...reform efforts. Private health coverage is a mechanism for people to protect themselves from the potentially extreme financial costs of medical care if they become severely ill, and ensure that they have access to health care when they need it. Private health coverage products pool the risk of high health care costs across a large number of people, permitting them (or employers on their behalf) to pay a premium based on the average cost of medical care for the group of people. This risk-spreading function helps make the cost of health care reasonably affordable for most people. Medicare and Medicaid were previously known as Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA). In 1965, the Social Security Act establishing both Medicare and Medicaid. The Social Security Administration (SSA) became responsible for the administration of Medicare and Social and Rehabilitation Service become responsible for the administration of Medicaid. In 1970, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) are one of three types of major health care insurance systems. The other two systems are Preferred Provider Organization and Point-of-Services Plans. HMOs were made popular in the 1970s. They have come to be used by many employers and health care providers. President Nixon signed off on the HMO Act in 1973. After the Act was signed into law, the health care insurance organization plans faced opposition from professional...
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...The impact of early education as a strategy in countering socio-economic disadvantage Research paper for Ofsted’s ‘Access and achievement in education 2013 review’ Professor Chris Pascal and Professor Tony Bertram UK Research Team: Sean Delaney, Selma Manjee, Marjory Perkins and Manja Plehn International Research Team: Alice Bennett, Carol Nelson, Sarina Razzak and Maureen Saunders Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) © Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) 2013 The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of Ofsted. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to Elizabeth Boulton at publishing@ofsted.gov.uk or Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London WC2 6SE This publication is available at www.ofsted.gov.uk/accessandachievement. No. 130155-RR-005 In June 2012, Sir Michael Wilshaw, HMCI, stated his determination to address the issue of narrowing the gap of educational achievement between disadvantaged pupils and others. To support this intention, The Centre for Research in Early Childhood has been commissioned by OfSTED to conduct a review looking at the impact of Early Childhood Education (ECE) initiatives to combat social and economic disadvantage, both in the UK and internationally. This paper: Examines the impact of nati...
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...functions. The federal, local, and non-governmental agencies websites provide similar and different information. These different agencies have different structures. The review will discuss these structures. The different agencies provide different and similar structures concerning pertussis. The government and non-government agencies work together in different capacities. These agencies have public and community health purposes and work together in different capacities to provide public health. Information derived from each of the various websites overlap including the definition of pertussis. A fact sheet provides the number of cases reported in a pertussis summary report and questions and answers. Pertussis vaccination information is a major overlap between the various websites. However, the immunity from vaccines wears off over time, but pertussis vaccination rates in adolescence and adults continue to be low reason for the continued circulation locally and federally across the country. Prevention is a very important solution to decrease the outbreaks. However, there is a small population of parents who are insisting vaccinations have an adverse effect and opt out of vaccinations to their children. These actions are not only...
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...Models of Health and Healing- The candidate provides a logical discussion, with substantial detail, of the differences between 2 models of health and healing as they relate to what it means to be human. Since the mid-19th century, there have been three distinct models of health and healing. The first era began in the mid-1960s and dealt primarily with the physical body. It is known as the mechanical model and focused solely on the anatomy and physiology of the body. It was physical in nature, and gave no consideration to the mind or spiritual side of the human being. In this section we will compare the differences between Era II, the Body/Mind model, which emerged around the 1950s, and Era III, the Body/Mind/Spirit or Bio/Psycho/Social model which emerged in the 1990s. During the mid-20th century, Health care providers began to understand that human consciousness played an important role in overall wellness. They recognized that patients with a positive mental attitude about their condition and care generally healed faster than those who did not. Doctors and nurses started to value and encourage input from the patients in their care. Health care professionals began to notice that emotional well-being, personal belief system and attitude all had a definite impact on health and for the first time became important in treating disease. This new phenomenon was considered to be unique to the individual. The condition of the patient improved or worsened based on their own consciousness...
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...have the opportunity to access a variety of resources to allow for rehabilitation and being let back into the community as a law abiding citizens.Up until the mid-point of the 20th century, the sentences imposed on juveniles in the court system were similar to those just like adults convicted of crimes. Sentences given to juveniles emphasized punishment over rehabilitation during this time period. Ultimately, juvenile sentencing changed from punishment to rehabilitation, something that continues to this day. This is an introduction to Juvenile Justice in America. Since the 1990s, youth crime rates have gone up . These falling crime rates have led many jurisdictions to rethink the juvenile justice practices that happen in the 1980s and 1990s. Today, states are using major reforms designed to reduce institutional confinement, closed old 19th century era reform schools, and expand community-based interventions.In the late 18th and early 19th century, courts punished and confined youth in jails and penitentiaries. Since few other options existed, youth of all ages and genders where often confined with hardened adult criminals and the mentally ill in large overcrowded institutions. At the same time, American cities were dealing with high rates of child poverty and neglect putting pressure on city leaders to find a solution to this growing social issue. In response, reformers Thomas Eddy and John Griscom, organized the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism, in stead of housing youth...
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