...Pakistan in Pakistan? In 1947 Boundary of this country was defined by the British. Millions of people Migrated to new born Pakistan after partition. They lost hundreds and thousands of precious lives while they were traveling to their new country towards west. In eastern Pakistan stories were not very different from those of the migrants of the west. The death toll on both sides was huge. From the very first day the people started building their country. A nation that was born in its embryonic stage had to fight all kind of threats, economical as well as the geographical. Since the day we are in a process to build this country and trying to strengthen our nation. A number of cultures and traditions, customs and values, colors and races are still in a process of bonding together. Nation is still to be built and threats are still there since we were born. It is still in discussion if it had to be an Islamic country or a secular. No matter what foundation its founders wanted it to lie on; we lack a lot in every field. Religious institution is weaker than ever and financial crisis is following us since we were born, haunting our future. Political institution and defense are not able to define their boundaries resulting 3 marshal laws in last 60 years. 30 years were governed by the Army dictators and 30 years by the politicians. All of them tried to make amendments in the constitution for their personal benefits totally forgetting the masses of this country. The people are still...
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...RLG204H5 S – Exam Review Week 3B: Denny CHAPTER 8 - Muslim creeds and theologies: Their purposes and varieties * Islamic Theology * Creed in Islam = Shahāda: simply proclaims the essential nature of God and the relation to him of his prophet, and thus implicitly all humans (if it is a creed, it is very laconic) * Kalām = theology in Islam = words, discussion, discourse * Ilm al-kalām = “science of discourse” or il al-tawhīd = “the science of (the divine) unity” * Theology only legitimate when subservient to the religious law, sharī’a * Fiqh = science of Muslim jurisprudence (‘Understanding’) is the chief Islamic science, in light of which all others are judged * Kalām is subordinate to fiqh * Majority of Muslims have given their allegiance in analysis and interpretation of doctrinal matters to the ‘ulamā’ = ‘the scholar jurists’ * THEOLOGICAL ISSUES * Khārijites = faction that seceded from Alī’s Shī’a * Had very high ideal of what Muslim community should be * Called themselves “the people of paradise” * Abandoned their leader Alī after his arbitration with Umayyad challenger, Mu’āwiya * Later also rejected the Umayyads * Now Khārijites = outlaw Muslims who zealously persisted trying to force their vision of Islam on their brothers * Strictest faction = Azraqites – Moderate faction = Najdite * Murji’ite = position that no human can discern whether sinners were...
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...countries, and the most populous democracy in the world. The Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 kilometres .It is bordered by Pakistan to the west, People's Republic of China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north, and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. India in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Indonesia in the Indian Ocean. Home to the Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade area and vast empires, Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial & cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four major religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism originated country, while the Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam arrived in the first millennium of CE and shaped the region's diverse culture. The British East India Company from the early eighteenth century and colonised by the United Kingdom from the mid-19 century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by widespread non-violent resistance. India is a republic consisting of 28 states and 7 union territories with a parliamentary system of democracy. It has the world's 12th largest economy at market exchange rates and the fourth largest in purchasing power. Economic reforms since 1991 have transformed it into one of the fastest growing economies; however it still suffers from high levels of poverty, illiteracy, disease, & malnutrition. A pluralistic...
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...Suman Roll No. RS1904A10 Reg. No. – 10905868 Acknowledgment My sincere thanks and gratitude to my faculty who inspired me by his able guidance and was a constant guiding light during the course. The support and knowledge provided by him has been a great value addition for me and will go a long way in building a promising career. Last but not least, I am also thankful to all the respondents of my survey without whom the Term Paper would not have been completed successfully. (Ashish Suman) Contents Page No. 1. Abstract : 4 2. Methodology : 5 4. About India : 6 4. Introduction : 9 5. PESTLE Analysis 7 Political : 10 Economical : 13 Social : 16 Technological : 17 Legal : 18 Environmental : 19 6. Conclusion : 20 8. References : 21 Abstract In this term paper Pestle analysis of India. How Organization take the analysis for setup the offices or industry in India. In this analysis tell the environment of India. Factors of India. Government policy, literacy, privatisation, legal problem, technology use India, any many factors given below. Methodology For This term Paper I search articles on Websites, Journals, Newspaper, and Magazines. I study books for these topics. I also take help of faculty for preparing Term paper. I go thoroughly websites data. I also take help my friends and colgues. I study...
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...What Is Globalization? Globalization can be explained as a process of integration and interaction among the companies, people, and governments of different nations. It is a process explained by international trade and investment and updates by information technology. There is an amazing irony in globalization and it is that, as the world gets smaller, opportunities for growth and development become wider and better. Nowhere is this more clearly manifest than in the sphere of international trade and business relations where foreign market economies, domestic politics and diverse legal systems are linked to each other to create more advantages for the contracting states. Origin of Globalization The origin of the Globalization is not new one. It has been gone thousands of years, first people, and, then later on the corporations and industries have been selling to and buying from each other in different lands and nation’s at large distances. This origin of globalization can be elaborated by taking an example of Silk Road. The Silk Road is an entity that is connecting the Europe and China during the middle ages. The same, for centuries, industries and people have been investing in enterprises and venture in other countries. If truth be told, there are number of characteristics of the contemporary wave of globalization are parallel to those existing before the occurrence of the First World War in 1914. Brecher et al. try to conceptualize the roots of...
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...47(2), 181-207. doi:10.1080/03050068.2011.553935 Miller-Idriss examines the extreme increase in the number of cross-border higher education institutions, specifically in the Middle East. She states that of the 100 such institutions at the time of her research, over one-third are located in this region. Her paper presents the reasons behind the expansion, including a look at cultural, political, and economical components that impact education, definitions of the types of institutions, statistical information about the locations of institutions and the cooperating foreign affiliate institutions, and suggestions for further...
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...Biasness in Scientific Knowledge | Social Sciences | Jalil Ahmed Siddiqui | Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Some Major Terms: 3 Methodology: 3 Why am I doing this? 4 What is Biasness? 4 Types of Biasness: 5 Why is there Biasness? 6 Am I Biased? and My Justification 7 Why is Scientific Research Done? 7 Effects of Science on Our Society 8 Can Science be Biased? 8 How can Science Effect Us by being biased? 9 Biasness In Scientific Knowledge-Due to Religion 9 1 : Islam and Science Religious orthodoxy battle rationality By Pervaiz Hoodbhoy 10 Conclusion 13 References 14 Biasness In Scientific Knowledge Introduction: Biasness in scientific knowledge is the topic of hot discussion. if we can find out the extent up to which scientific knowledge is biased then we can find out the reliability of scientific knowledge. The biasness in it tells us the authenticity of scientific knowledge and clears out the fact that whether a scientific theory or law or any other scientific paper is actually the facts which science claims itself to consist of or they are just some scientists opinion aimed , not to clear and find out facts, but to publish and transfer his own thoughts in to the society. Some Major Terms: 1-What is Science - * Origin from Old French, from Latin scientia, from scire 'know'. [1] * According to Oxford Dictionary word science means "The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure...
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...Church statistics as evidence. Crockett found that in 1851 40% Church attendance and in 2007 2% attended. In 2002 2/3 attended a religious service such as weddings no more than once a year. However there are problems concerning the use of Church statistics, regarding their reliability and validity. Statistics tell us very little about the social meaning of religion as Davie suggests many people can believe without belonging. Bellah also notes that religion is now private and individualised, such qualitative beliefs may be invisible to the sociological eye and consequently difficult to measure using quantitative methods. Opinion polls are also problematic as it tells us very little about these social meanings. What people say in opinion polls may be very different to what they actually do. Also priests may not tell the truth about the numbers at...
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... Child Labor In Dhaka City Prof. Ahmed, Dr. A. N. Neaz Course: Economical Geography Department: Economics Faculty: Faculty of Arts & Social Science (FASS) American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Kamal Ataturk Avenue, Banani Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh Dear Prof. Neaz Here is the report on the topic “Child Labor in Dhaka City & Their Social & Economical situation in the society.” To aid you to understand the present social & economical situation of the child labors in the capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka we gathered what we believe to be the most complete information available at present. Most of the information is collected from our own research and analysis about the research subject. And also like to inform you that a big portion of information is taken from various government and non-government sources. The research and analysis is totally done objectively and we try our level best to avoid any kind of error and biasness. We sincerely hope that our research and analysis will aid you to make a clear understanding about the child labors and their true financial and economical situation in Bangladesh and what life they are been through. We truly appreciate this assignment. Sincerely, On behalf of, Group: Illuminati ______________________________ Aiman Jan Chowdhury A Report by Illuminati Page 2 Child Labor In Dhaka City Child Labor in Dhaka City Prepared for, Prof. Ahmed, Dr. A. N. Neaz Course: Economical Geography Department: Economics Faculty: Faculty of Arts...
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...1. Introduction Tourism is a very familiar affair in human life. It has been an industry of vast dimensions and ultimately supports economic growth and social development. In order to promote tourism in Nepal, the ninth five year plan has made a 20 year long strategic programme. The main objective of this programme is to develop Nepalese tourism up to the desirable standard. As far as the 20 years long-term tourism policy is concerned, our government has decided to increase the arrival of tourists in average 12, 47,830 every year. And expected income of foreign currency to be 1663.6 million dollar every year. And the average staying of the tourists extended up to 15 days (Nepal Tourism Board, 2000). The Ninth five-year plan says the government is serious about the uplifting of Nepalese tourism, which needs great care and protection. "For the constant development of the Nepalese tourism, it has been commonly decided to give equal priority to some other factors, which do also affect the tourism sector directly. Such as development and expansion of tourism sites, necessary infrastructure for tourism, promotion of tourism market, improvement in civil aviation, protection of environment and involvement of private sector in the promotion of Nepalese tourism, etc" (The People’s Review 2001). Hence long term vision is to promote village tourism for poverty alleviation including ecotourism and domestic tourism. Recent development on tourism is highly concentrated on development of trained...
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...Socio-economic Impacts of Tourism in Lumbini, Nepal: A Case Study Pradeep Acharya∗ 1. Introduction Tourism is a very familiar affair in human life. It has been an industry of vast dimensions and ultimately supports economic growth and social development. In order to promote tourism in Nepal, the ninth five year plan has made a 20 year long strategic programme. The main objective of this programme is to develop Nepalese tourism up to the desirable standard. As far as the 20 years long-term tourism policy is concerned, our government has decided to increase the arrival of tourists in average 12, 47,830 every year. And expected income of foreign currency to be 1663.6 million dollar every year. And the average staying of the tourists extended up to 15 days (Nepal Tourism Board, 2000). The Ninth five-year plan says the government is serious about the uplifting of Nepalese tourism, which needs great care and protection. "For the constant development of the Nepalese tourism, it has been commonly decided to give equal priority to some other factors, which do also affect the tourism sector directly. Such as development and expansion of tourism sites, necessary infrastructure for tourism, promotion of tourism market, improvement in civil aviation, protection of environment and involvement of private sector in the promotion of Nepalese tourism, etc" (The People’s Review 2001). Hence long term vision is to promote village tourism for poverty alleviation including ecotourism and domestic...
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...Introduction Throughout the years, Asia has been flooded all sorts of ideologies, which has manifested within every Asian souls thus influencing their everyday behaviour in life. The Western people have been studying the ideologies of Asia, which they refer to as “oriental ideology”. Oriental is connotation of or the characteristic of the bio-geographic region including southern Asia and the Malay Archipelago as far as the Philippines, Borneo and Java (http://lookwayup.com). It is the same as “Asian” and “Eastern”. For people of South and East Asian ancestry the term ‘Asian’ is preferred to ‘Oriental’. According to http://education.yahoo.com, Asian is now strongly preferred in place of Oriental for persons native to Asia or descended from an Asian people. The real problem with Oriental is more likely its connotations stemming from an earlier era when Europeans viewed the regions east of the Mediterranean as exotic lands full of romance and intrigue, the home of despotic empires and inscrutable customs. Orientalism is the study of Near and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages and peoples by Western scholars. It can also refer to the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West by writers, designers and artists. The hubs of strong traditions that are easily visible lie in East Asia. The following countries are commonly seen as located in geographically East Asia: People's Republic of China (China), Hong Kong and Macau (a special administrative region...
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...feelings, and rules for living through which they organize their lives. Culture is a way of life that is passed from one generation to the next, and societies within the culture are guided by their learned system of beliefs, feelings, and rules for living. Within the customs of their culture, people within society are taught that they share some common understandings with one another. Being taught the customs, members of society are expected to follow the traditional customs of the group. Cultural relativism recognizes that different cultures have distinct social trajectories, or chosen paths (Carpo, 2013). In understanding a specific custom within a culture, it is important to view the culture from an outside perspective (etic). This is exactly what I will demonstrate within the first section of this paper while expanding and discovering another culture from an inside perspective (emic) which shows how even though customs are different within various cultures a different viewpoint can illuminate the entire picture and bridge the gap between both cultures – the Aboriginals and African Americans. Part I – Religion and the African American Culture among Other Things Religion and the Black Church in African American society, in regards to the socio-cultural, economic and political issues of the 20th century, has branched the African American experience of mere individual survival into one of prosperity and a sense of community. According to Editors of the Norton Anthology of African...
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...major elements and dimensions of culture, aspects and dimensions integrated by locals conducting business, contrast to that of US culture and businesses and implications for US businesses that wish to conduct business in Russia. References will be provided through discussion of interviews from actual residents from within different districts throughout Russia, as well as work attire, women in the workforce, examine Russian self-employed, women’s experiences, communication, interpretations, expectations of gender employment and various social schemes. This should prove to broaden a basic understanding of foreign and cross border relationships and assist with an understanding of business practices in Russia. What are the major elements and dimensions of culture in this region? Ethics When discussing Russia and their corporate ethics contrast to that of the United States there are quite Russian ethics are quite different and separate in terms of being an individual. Self grooming is a must. Corporate leaders are expected to maintain all standard pertaining to grooming. An individual’s appearance such as haircuts and certain lengths, cleansed nails and dress. Russians believe in first impressions so much that will make a deal based upon their first meeting with you. This is developed and mentored in leaders upon a young age; thus it being so critical and important after their first meeting. One such ethical value is avoiding flashy colors in men...
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...The Hong Kong Polytechnic University MGT682 Independent Studies Corruption in China: Effects on Economic Development and Remedial Policies Thomas Wu 02715615G August 6, 2003 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University MGT 682 Independent Studies Corruption and Bribery in China Thomas Wu 02715615G August 6, 2003 Table of Content RESEARCH PROPOSAL TOPIC.........................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................3 OBJECTIVES AND HYPOT HESIS.......................................................................................................4 NATURE OF RESEARCH.....................................................................................................................5 RIVAL THEORIES.................................................................................................................................5 “GREASE-THE-WHEELS” THEORY .........................................................................................................5 MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIUMS ......................................................................................................................7 LOGIC MODEL......................................................................................................................................8 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY..............................
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