...walked out of the water” …“nobody saw her emerge or came accidentally by” (53). In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, Beloved appears out of nowhere like a lost soul stumbling and stammering until she made her way to her predisposed destination the property of I24. The moment that Sethe see’s Beloved her bladder fills to capacity, “She never made the outhouse. Right in front of the door she had to lift her skirts, and the water she voided was endless” (54). This to me symbolized a woman’s water breaking before she gives birth; it is evident to me that Beloved is a manifestation and representation of Sethe’s inner most thoughts, feelings, secrets, and past traumatic experiences and Beloved has returned to shed light on Sethe’s past, present, and future self through painful memories. In a conversation about Beloved Morrison states, “she is a spirit on one hand, literally she is what sethe thinks she is, her child returned to her from the dead” (Darling 247). Sethe feels immediately drawn to Beloved after she states her name; “Sethe was deeply touched by her sweet name; the remembrance of glittering headstone made her feel especially kindly toward her” (56). There are many instances where Beloved without knowing causes Sethe to remember things from her past that she doesn’t want to and even thought she had forgotten. In an essay by Pamela E. Barnett she states that significantly Sethe is flooded with these...
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...A fascinating and powerful narrative, “Recitatif” by Toni Morrison, tells the story of two girls, Twyla and Roberta, who share quite a complicated relationship. From the time they meet at St. Bonaventure, an orphanage, at the tender age of eight to when they become adults and start leading lives of their own, they are plagued by their racial, social, and economical differences. One of the most interesting aspects of the short story is the symbolism of Maggie, a disabled woman who works at the orphanage, and the tremendous impact she has on Twyla and Roberta. Numerous critics have analyzed the portrayal of Maggie in the story, and have come to some varied conclusions. In my opinion, as Twyla and Roberta are reunited with one another through the course of their lives, they slowly begin to see and accept that Maggie is a reflection of their mothers, and – to a larger extent – also themselves. The issues explored in “Recitatif” resonate with many readers on many different levels and, in effect, much has been written and discussed about it. This is largely due to the fact that Morrison has left a lot open to the reader for interpretation. “Revised Memories and Colliding Identities: Absence and Presence in Morrison’s ‘Recitatif’ and Viramontes’s ‘Tears on My Pillow’” by Helane Adams Androne is a very focused critical piece that argues that both central characters have suffer from strained relationships. "Transfiguring Aesthetics: Conflation, Identity Denial, and Transference in “Passing...
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...For example, he he recalls Theodore Roethke's lines about his own father in "My Papa's Waltz". (Sanders, 103) This source describes how distraught the author was with his father when he came home from work. When Sanders explains how he could smell the alcohol under his father's breath it made him sick, but he knew he would have to take care of his father no matter the circumstances. These lines from Roethke enriches Sanders' essay because it relates the situation to death, which describes how hard it was for Sanders to deal with this and how it had affected his life, Sanders used an example from the Bible which explained a story about a lunatic and a swine. The basis of the story told was that the lunatic was possessed by demons and needed to be cleansed by Jesus. Sanders relates his father’s alcoholism as being possessed as well. Sanders wished his father could be somehow saved by Jesus and would help rid him of the awful “demon drink” just like the redeemed lunatic. This adds Sanders' essay because it gives give him hope that his father will be cured. The final three paragraphs help further explain the trauma that was imprinted on Sanders from his father's alcoholism. In some ways Sanders ended up like his father when he talks about being a “workaholic.” He felt responsible for his father's disease, so he always worked hard...
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...Born on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison is a Nobel Prize- and Pulitzer Prize-winning American novelist, editor and professor. Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue and richly detailed black characters. Among her best known novels are The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon and Beloved. Morrison has won nearly every book prize possible. She has also been awarded honorary degrees. Early Career Born Chloe Anthony Wofford on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison was the second oldest of four children. Her father, George Wofford, worked primarily as a welder, but held several jobs at once to support the family. Her mother, Ramah, was a domestic worker. Morrison later credited her parents with instilling in her a love of reading, music, and folklore. Living in an integrated neighborhood, Morrison did not become fully aware of racial divisions until she was in her teens. "When I was in first grade, nobody thought I was inferior. I was the only black in the class and the only child who could read," she later told a reporter from The New York Times. Dedicated to her studies, Morrison took Latin in school, and read many great works of European literature. She graduated from Lorain High School with honors in 1949. At Howard University, Morrison continued to pursue her interest in literature. She majored in English, and chose the classics for her minor. After graduating from Howard in 1953, Morrison continued her education at Cornell University...
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...Great Narrative Literature Dr. Kelso 2/10/2014 The Role of the Myth of the Flying Africans in Song of Solomon The central myth in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon is that of flight. This myth ties directly into the Exodus story of the Bible, where flight is understood as escape from the oppression of slavery. The main purpose of this myth of flight in the novel is to give hope to African Americans during a time where racial tensions are very much a part of their everyday lives. In this essay, I will argue that the myth of flight plays both a positive and negative role throughout this novel. It plays a positive role in that it seems to give Milkman a sort of pride in his ancestors that he did not have before he learned of the myth of Solomon’s Leap. Milkman, after learning about his parents’ marriage from both his mother and father, seems to shun his family and lose interest in his people that came before him, but after hearing about his great grandfather, he becomes proud of his lineage and gains a sense of liberation from the life he has led up to this point. However, while this myth of flight enables Morrison’s male protagonist to thrive, there are also negative consequences that Morrison asks us to consider, namely the effects of this myth on the ones left behind, the women and children. The Exodus story tells of the Israelites, who were being held as slaves in Egypt until they were liberated from their oppression by Moses, who was sent by God. The story tells of their...
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...Narration The person telling the story is the narrator the narrator helps t shape the story for the reader. Point of view The point of view is the perspective from which the narrator tells the story. The point of view can be indentified in five ways. 1 First person It will use the Pronoun “I” and will place the narrator in the story. 2 Third person this will use the pronouns “he” or “she but will typically limit it to one characters Point of view Third Person Omniscient Will use the pronouns “he” “she” and “they however, the narrator will move in and out of the mind of several characters. Third person objective point of view will limit the intervention of the narrator. The setting and action will be described and we will listen in audience. The narrarator will not interpret for the reader. Shifting point of view The shifting point of view will shift the focus from a narrow to a broader perspective of the omniscient narrator Setting the location and the atmosphere of the story Conflict this is the struggle of opposing external or internal forces Plot This is the structure of the story. It’s the twists & turns. It you the story un folds. Plot structure Crisis / Climax The moment of truth rising action conflict builds, exposition, We learn about the various characters, the falling action crisis is over resolution the story ends. what happens at the end. Allteration This is the use of similar consant sounds. Using woods that begin with the same on similar...
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...Post colonialism highlights the issues that hold various Western countries together in a grasp in order to define their weaker counterparts. Post colonialism is the study of exclusion, denigration ‘othering’ and resistance which takes place under systems of colonial control where countries struggle to deal with colonial legacy. When one looks at the text Waiting for the Barbarians by J.M Coetzee, the ideology of Orientalism and Mimicry unfolds and speaks of the unspeakable encounters of the Empire as opposed to the Barbarians thus, creating the distinctions between the empire and the colony. Therefore, it is the purpose of this essay to justify how the foretold philosophers theory, excavate understanding of Morrison and Coetzee’s text. Orientalism as according to Edward Said “Orientalism is the product of circumstances that are fundamentally, indeed, radically fractious.” To simply state, orientalism is the result of circumstances that revolves around misunderstanding of another inferior race that however results in anger and prejudices. This is evident when we look closely at Coetzee’s novel where there is an unnamed Magistrate who serves as the radical self and the other. As the novel progresses, the natives do not fit into the label ‘Barbarians’ despite the fact they live on the boundary, uncivilized in the face of the Empire, barbaric and inferior. These barbarians are then blamed for things that they do not even commit and are tortured on the terms of the command of the...
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...Anna Munoz Dr. Jones DISC 1313 December 4, 2015 Music and The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s All forms of Black music, from jazz to rock and roll, played an important part in the Civil Rights Movement. The songs were sung for multiple purposes and played a critical role in inspiring, activating, and giving voice to the people involved. The evolution of music during the early 1950’s and 1960’s in the Black freedom struggle reflects the evolution of the Civil Rights Movement itself. The progressive thought of the 1950s nurtured new ideas and cultures including the Civil Rights Movement and the fast spread of rock and roll. One such cultural revival occurred after the end of World War II during a time of change, prosperity and restoration. The “Puritan dicta” outlined by Baldwin represents the American ideology before the Second World War. As the first settlers of this nation, the Puritans set the mold for many common American ideologies. In the Puritan view white represented good and black represented evil, including Africans and their culture. After the war, Baldwin states that the former puritanical views of whites will be challenged. Musicians such as Elvis Presley were the first to issue this challenge to white society. Early rockers like Elvis would pave the way for social commentary in music that would add much fire to the Civil Rights Movement. To fully understand the explosion of popularity of Black music in the years following World War II, one must understand...
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...Whiteness, especially the stereotypically Aryan features: blonde hair and blue eyes are held in the highest esteem by society in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. Set in the town of Lorain, Ohio during the 1960s, the various characters presented strive to live up to society’s perspective of beauty. It is this struggle to find beauty in the White-dominated world that drives many characters. To many, to be beautiful is to simply not be Black. Universally deemed ugly by almost everyone she encounters, central protagonist Pecola Breedlove yearns to live up to the standard of beauty, to be White, by attain blue eyes. Through the use of racism, the standard of innate Beauty of the White and innate Ugly of the Black is reinforced, questioned, affirmed and dispelled. Although no Whites appear in the book, each character presented heavily feels within their presence. While impossible to change the color of their skin, many characters seek to emulate the White way. The blue-eyed Shirley Temple is idolized and revered as beautiful by many characters, especially Frieda MacTeer and Pecola. White baby dolls are precious treasures, given to little Black girls, with their mothers passing on the idea that these Blonde-blued dolls are the closest to beauty their daughters can get. Property, while rare for the Blacks to own, was the adults mean of attaining society’s standards, with the Black women keeping their owns as tidy and neat and white as possible. In their pursuit of beauty, racism...
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... Life''. URL: http://home.att.net/~rjnorton/Lincoln77.htm. Retrieved: 15 Sep. 2004. • Backman,Melvin."The Bear and Go Down, Moses".In William Faulkner.Ed. Dean Morgan Schmitter .New York: McGrow-Hill Book Company,1973.Pp.136-146. • Berland,Alwayn.Light in August:A Study in Black and White.New Yourk:Twayne Publishers 1992. • Blair, Walter. etal. American Literature: A Brief History.Glocose:Scott,Foresman And Company,1964. • Blanks,June."The Women of Absalom,Absalom!". URL: http://athena.english.vt.edu/~exlibris/essays02/Blanks2.htm. Retrieved: 22 Nov. 2004. • Bleikasten,Andre. "Light in August:The Closed Society and Its Subjects".In New Essays on Light in August.Ed.Michael Millgate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1987.Pp.81-102. • Brooks, Cleanth. William Faulkner:First Encounter.New Haven and London:Yale University Press,1983. • ____________.William Faulkner :Toward Yoknapatawpha And Beyond. New Haven and London: Yale University Press,1978. • Brown,Sterling ."A Century of Negro Portraiture in American Literature".In Black and White In American Culture.Eds.Jules Chametzky and Sidney Kaplan. Massachusetts: The University of Massachusetts Press,1969.Pp,333-359. • _____________. The Negro In American Fiction.Washington,New York: Kennikat Press,1968....
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...because they couldn’t [had] known it before, it is because they didn’t want to know it.” Baldwin’s remembrance is an illustration of the larger premise that is the color divide that existed in the United States. But more than that, he illuminates a precarious nature of the black individual in that they have, by the societal pressures which they deal with outside their home, brought back to their houses and families and had watched about on the television and have felt endlessly, internalized the color line, and so splintered themselves. Much in the fashion of DuBois’ double consciousness and the veil which he ascertains divides the black and white world. This phenomenon we see as early as in the time depicted in the slave narrative Beloved by Toni Morrison where the protagonist Sethe recalls that: She just flew. Collected every bit of life she had made, all the parts of her that were precious and fine and beautiful, and carried, pushed, dragged them through the veil, out, away, over there where no one could hurt them. Over there. Outside this place, where they would be safe. (163) A moment where in which Morrison imagines, quite possibly the same veil which troubled Dubois, and writes a character who triumphs it to make it to the other side, perhaps a Black side, where her children would be safe. All this to say, that Baldwin seemed to understand something that was very honest about the black person, which was that they did not quite live in the same world that white Americans...
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...* 1. The passage above is notable chiefly for c. a literary conceit 2. In The Federalist, No, X, James Madison proposed that the dangers of factions be controlled by a a. republican form of government * 3. Sky Woman, Wolverine, and Turtle are all important figures in which of the following types of literature ? * d. Native American oral tales * 4. In line 1, “offspring” most probably refers to the author’s * b. book of poem * * 5. “My rambling brat” (line 11) is an example of * d. personification * * * 6. Place the name of teach of the Colonial era figures beside the British colony with which he is most closely associated. A. John Smith- The Virginia Colony B. John Winthrop- The Massachusetts Bay Colony * C. Roger Williams- The Colony Of Rhode Island * * * 7. The passage above is an example of a. Puritanism * * 8. Thomas Pain’s Common Sense had a direct influence on which of the following Revolutionary era works? * c. Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence * 9. The passage above is from * a. William Bradford’s The History of Plimouth Plantation 10. All of the following are writers of the Colonial era EXCEPT b. Margaret Fuller 11. The passage would best be described as an example of d. Sentimentalism 12. The first paragraph of the passage provides an example of which of the following figures of speech ? c. Apostrophe 13...
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...American Pop: Popular Culture Decade by Decade. Ed. Bob Bacthelor. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press 2009. 978-0-313- 34410-7. 4 vol. 1,604p. $375.00. Gr. 9-12. This four volume set gives students a broad and interdisciplinary overview of the many and varied aspects of pop culture across America from 1900 to the present. The volumes cover the following chronological periods: V 1. 1900-1929, V 2. 1930-1959, V 3. 1960-1989 and Vol. 4. 1990-Present. There is an Introduction for each volume focusing on the major issues during that period. There is a Timeline of events for the decade which gives extra oversight and content to the study of the period and an Overview of each dcade. Chapters focus on specific areas of pop culture (Advertising, Books, Entertainment, Fashion, Food Music and much more) supplemented with sidebars containing stories, photos, illustrations and Notable information. There are endnotes for each decade and a Resource Guide and Index. Volume 4 also contains a Cost of Products from 1900-2000, and an Appendix with Classroom Resources for teachers and students and a Cumulative Index. Students, teachers and the general reader will love sifting through the experiences of Americans as they easily follow the crazes, technological breakthroughs and the experiences of art, entertainment, sports and other cultural forces and events that influenced each generation. Reference– Popular Culture ...
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...Instructor’s Manual to Accompany The Longman Writer Rhetoric, Reader, Handbook Fifth Edition and The Longman Writer Rhetoric and Reader Fifth Edition Brief Edition Judith Nadell Linda McMeniman Rowan University John Langan Atlantic Cape Community College Prepared by: Eliza A. Comodromos Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New York San Francisco Boston London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Madrid Mexico City Munich Paris Cape Town Hong Kong Montreal NOTE REGARDING WEBSITES AND PASSWORDS: If you need a password to access instructor supplements on a Longman book-specific website, please use the following information: Username: Password: awlbook adopt Senior Acquisitions Editor: Joseph Opiela Senior Supplements Editor: Donna Campion Electronic Page Makeup: Big Color Systems, Inc. Instructor’s Manual to accompany The Longman Writer: Rhetoric, Reader, Handbook, 5e and The Longman Writer: Rhetoric and Reader, Brief Edition, 5e, by Nadell/McMeniman/Langan and Comodromos Copyright ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Instructors may reproduce portions of this book for classroom use only. All other reproductions are strictly prohibited without prior permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Please visit our website at: http://www.ablongman.com ISBN: 0-321-13157-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - D O H - 05 04 03 02 CONTENTS ...
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...Bibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction In the essay “On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History” the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared “Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.”1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Evelyn Brooks Higgingbotham, ed., Harvard Guide to African American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); Arvarh E. Strickland and Robert E. Weems, Jr., eds., The African American Experience: An Historiographical and Bibliographical Guide (Westport: Greenwood Press, 2001); and Randall M. Miller and John David Smith, eds., Dictionary of Afro- American Slavery (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988), provide informative narratives along with expansive bibliographies. General texts covering major historical events with attention to chronology include John Hope Franklin and Alfred A. Moss, Jr., From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans (Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000), considered a classic; along with Joe William Trotter, Jr., The African American 1  Experience (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001); and, Darlene Clark Hine, William C. Hine, and Stanley Harrold, The...
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