...Parallel Corpus Hammouda Salhi University of Carthage, Tunisia hammouda_s@hotmail.com Abstract: This article investigates a topic at the interface between translation studies, lexical semantics and corpus linguistics. Its general aim is to show how translation studies could profit from the work done in both lexical semantics and corpus linguistics in an attempt to help ‘endear’ linguists to translators (Malmkjær, 1998). The specific objective is to capture the semantic and pragmatic behavior of the noun ‘destruction’ from its different translations into Arabic. The data are taken from an English-Arabic parallel corpus collected from UN texts and their translations (hereafter EAPCOUNT). While it seems that ‘destruction’ is monosemous, it turns out, after exploring its occurrences, to be highly polysemous and shows a case of complementary polysemy, where a number of alternations can be captured. These findings are broadly in line with the results reached in recent developments in lexical semantics, and more particularly the Generative Lexicon (GL) theory developed by James Pustejovsky. Some concrete suggestions are made at the end on how to enhance the relation between linguists and translators and their mutual cooperation. Key words: Lexical semantics, corpus linguistics, translation studies, complementary polysemy, coercion, parallel corpora, lexical ambiguities Résumé: Le présent article aborde un sujet à la croisée des études de traduction...
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...Victoria Plata Spring 2012 Equivalence in Translation Formal correspondence, or dynamic equivalence, that is the question. Whenever translation is discussed, the concept of equivalence is most likely to come forth. However, more than one definition has been given for this central concept. Two of the most relevant theories about equivalence would be Eugene Nida’s and J. C. Catford’s. I will comment on those and on the possibility of finding a point of balance between the two seemingly antagonistic alternatives for translation. First of all, a rudimentary notion of translation begins with a text in a source language (SL) which aims to be transferred into a target language (TL). Such text might be seen as the carrier of a message conformed by two kinds of factors: linguistic factors, pertaining to the concrete form and the abstract meaning of a text; and cultural factors, which are not evident at the level of form or meaning, but pertain to the mental background of the speakers and writers of the SL. Both factors considered, different approaches are possible. One the one hand, the translating process could be either source oriented or target oriented. On the other hand, the focus might be either linguistic or functional. According to Nida (1964), translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly I terms of style. He proposed two different types of...
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...A Translator’s Coming of Age by Omaya Ibrahim Khalifa Through studying the three translations of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet done by Mohammed Enani in 1965, 1986 and 1993 respectively, this study adopts a diachronic approach. In addition to examining the historical dimension, this study attempts to address itself to crucial questions related to the process of translating a literary text. A few of these are: how a translator can approach a given text in three different ways and how each translation changes according to the approach and the methods chosen by the translator. More importantly, the study proposes to discuss the pragmatic conditions governing the act of translation and how far these result in prominent modifications in the relationship between the source and target texts. The first part of this study discusses the problem or problems which confront a translator attempting to transpose Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet into Arabic, and the second analyses the three translations and how each deals with the problems discussed. Mohammed Enani, in his introduction to his third translation of Romeo and Juliet, singles out tone as the main difficulty that faces any translator attempting a rendering of the play. In the Elizabethan era romance was regarded as a subject for comedy and as such allowed playful treatment. Harry Levin explains that Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet was an innovation at the time. He reveals the effect of the play on contemporary audiences...
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...Cohesion in the Translated Novels of Naguib Mahfouz: the Evidence from The Thief and the Dogs. By Ahmed-Sokarno Abdel-Hafiz South Valley University Abstract The paper aims at examining how lexical cohesion is achieved in Naguib Mahfouz’s novel The Thief and The Dogs and how the translators have dealt with this device in the translated version. The paper compares lexical cohesive devices in this novel and in its English version. It is also an attempt to test two hypotheses that account for the degree of explicitness in the translated text as compared to the source text: the Explicitation Hypothesis and the Stylistic Preference Hypothesis. Both Aziz (1998) and Obeidat (1998) adopt the Stylistic Preference Hypothesis which attributes explicitness or implicitness to Stylistic preference of the target language. The Explicitation Hypothesis is shown to offer a more appropriate explanation for the way lexical cohesion is rendered in the target language. 0. Introduction Cohesion is defined “as the set of possibilities that exist in the language for making text hang together: the potential that the speaker...
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...TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT Translation quality assessment has become one of the key issues in translation studies. This comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of translation evaluation makes explicit the grounds of judging the worth of a translation and emphasizes that translation is, at its core, a linguistic operation. Written by the author of the world’s best known model of translation quality assessment, Juliane House, this book provides an overview of relevant contemporary interdisciplinary research on translation, intercultural communication and globalization, and corpus and psycho- and neuro-linguistic studies. House acknowledges the importance of the socio-cultural and situational contexts in which texts are embedded, and which need to be analysed when they are transferred through space and time in acts of translation, at the same time highlighting the linguistic nature of translation. The text includes a newly revised and presented model of translation quality assessment which, like its predecessors, relies on detailed textual and culturally informed contextual analysis and comparison. The test cases also show that there are two steps in translation evaluation: firstly, analysis, description and explanation; secondly, judgements of value, socio-cultural relevance and appropriateness. The second is futile without the first: to judge is easy, to understand less so. Translation Quality Assessment is an invaluable resource for students and researchers...
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...Professional Study Program “Technical Translation” Text Types and Decision Making in Translation TERM PAPER Riga 2011 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Theoretical Part 4 Practical Part 10 Conclusion 41 Bibliography 42 Appendixes I Glossary of Terms II Source Text Introduction The author of the present term paper is a student of Riga Technical University, Institute of Languages, Georgijs Mitikovs. The term paper titled “Text Types and Decision Making in Translation” consists of two parts: the theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part the author of this term paper reviews different types of texts and specific characteristics of each of them as well as a set of methods of translation with examples taken from the translation of a text provided in the second, practical part of this term paper. The practical part consists of translation of a text from the book “The Ascend of Money, A Financial History of the World” (New York, 2008) written by Niall Ferguson. The title of the chosen chapter this book is “Blowing Bubbles”. The author of the term paper has also included all the figures and tables from the source text in the target text. The aim of the author in this term paper is to define different types of text types and to find out the factors which impact the process of decision making in translation. In the practical part of given term paper the aim was to apply the most appropriate translation strategies, methods, approaches...
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...Florentine Codex Translation The Florentine Codex has four version available to read. The original Nahuatl version, Spanish, English from spanish translation, and the new English from Nahuatl translation. Among these four versions, they both discuss the same story line without much variation. But it's the small differences in the Old vs New English that create interesting difference that change certain details and emotions. The new direct Nahuatl translation is of course the more true and preferred version for accurate information. But between these two versions you can see the errors that are constantly being made and the pieces of information that are essentially lost in translation. This can as well compel other historians to revise translations of other important historical documents seeing what type of mistakes and miscommunications can be possible. One of the small details that was found different was about the status of the nobility versus Montezuma, specifically the event where they all meet the new coming Spaniards. In the older English version, is just mentions the nobility alongside Montezuma. This can be misinterpreted as the nobility and Montezuma are of equal ranking with no one being on top of each other on the hierarchy scale. Thanks to the new English version, there is a clarification made that when they all meet the Spaniards, it's Montezuma and Montezuma's rulers and nobles. This adds a new possessive detail in which Montezuma essentially controls these...
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...language varieties (Hudson, as cited in Wardhaugh, 1992: 21). People not only need to communicate with other people in one nation or ethnic who use the same language, but they also need to communicate with other people in other nations or ethnics who use different languages. Understanding people’s languages in the language varieties is the way to make a good communication. Therefore, a good understanding is required by people whose languages are different, in order to make a successful communication. 1 There are many ways that can be used to understand different languages and one of them is translation. Translation is the process of rendering the meaning of a text of one language into a text of another language, in which the message that the author of the source language (SL) intends can be understood by the readers in the target language (TL) (Newmark, 1988: 5). Therefore, the translation process can be used by people whose languages are different, in order to make a successful communication. The degree of equality should be taken into a...
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...certify this report of the Study Project entitled: “The difficulties and some solutions to Vietnamese-English translation” to total fulfillment of the requirement for the report of graduation practice. Son La, April 2011 Nguyễn Thị Thiện ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisors, Mrs. Nguyen Thi Ngoc Thuy and Mrs. Nguyen Mai Huong, lecturers of the Foreign Languages Department of Son La College. This report could have probably not completed without their patient, enthusiastic and instructive supervision and encouragement. I also would like to show my profound gratitude to all the lecturers in the Foreign Languages Department in Son La College for tirelessly devoting time and efforts to enrich, broaden and deepen my knowledge over the past three years. My special thanks go as well as to the Foreign Languages Department of Son La College for giving me the opportunity and permission to implement this report. I also would like to delicate my special thanks to my classmates in English course 45, who have supported, cooperated and provided me with valuable suggestions. Especially, I am obliged to my friends who looked closely at the final providing me their translation exercises and assignments to use as version of the report for English style and grammar, correcting both and...
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...Literature Translation Elena Xeni Teaching Staff – Language Pedagogy Department of Education, University of Cyprus Summary The present paper focuses on issues of concern in the study of Children‟s Literature Translation (ChLT). Attempting an overview from the years when ChLT was much ignored in the academic and non-academic world to the years that attention is paid to ChLT as a scientific field in its own right, the present paper illustrates issues that have generated intense and ongoing discussions. Issues such as the missionary role of ChLT, the theoretical framework of ChLT, the translator‟s invisibility, low status, profile and royalties, translatability vs. untranslatability, ideology, censorship, manipulation, and ambivalence are visited in this paper. These issues have had a deep impact on key ChLT actors, processes, and products: the child-reader, the translator, the translated text, the translation process, the author, the publisher, etc. The present text is a modest attempt to join efforts with the international community of scholars, translators, authors, children readers, publishers and other parties with an interest in ChLT, so as for the field to be given its merit in Translation, Comparative, Literary and Interdisciplinary Studies and for the translator –who had for long been much invisible and undervalued –to gain the place s/he deserves in history and society. 1. Introductory note It is widely accepted that Children‟s Literature Translation (ChLT) is an...
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...an entire issue of a journal, or download multiple copies of articles. Please contact the publisher for any further use of this work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph. http://www.philippinestudies.net A N N A M E L I N D A T E S TA - D E o C A M P o The Afterlives of the Noli me tángere Filipinos rarely read the Noli me tángere in the original Spanish, but it lives on in translation, a second life or afterlife, as Walter Benjamin puts it. During the American period, the first English translation, An Eagle Flight, based on the first French translation in 1899, was published in 1900. The second English translation, entitled Friars and Filipinos, appeared in 1902, and it was made by Frank Ernest Gannett, then secretary to Jacob Schurman, chair of the First Philippine Commission. Politics intruded in the translations; the omissions and additions recreated a novel suited to the American reader who wanted to gain information about the new colony. only after the institution of the public school system were Filipinos expected to read the novel in its English translation. Keywords: José rizal • translation • afterlife • paratext • rizal law PHILIPPINE STUDIES 59, No. 4 (2011) 495–527 © Ateneo de Manila University J osé Rizal’s novel,...
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...some of the decisions that translators have to make. It draws on insights from current research in such areas as lexical studies, text linguistics and pragmatics to maintain a constant link between language, translation, and the social and cultural environment in which both language and translation operate. In Other Words examines various areas of language, ranging from the meaning of single words and expressions to grammatical categories and cultural contexts. Firmly grounded in modern linguistic theory, the book starts at a simple level and grows in complexity by widening its focus gradually. The author explains with clarity and precision the concepts and theoretical positions explored within each chapter and relates these to authentic examples of translated texts in a variety of languages, although a knowledge of English is all that is required to understand the examples presented. Each chapter ends with a series of practical exercises which provide the translator with an opportunity to test the relevance of the issues discussed. This combination of theoretical discussion and practical application provides a sound basis for the study of translation as a professional activity. Mona Baker is Chairman of the Education and Training Committee of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. She has more than seventeen years’ experience as a translator and has taught at a number of academic institutions such as the University of Birmingham and the University of...
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...1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Figurative language has been widely examined by linguist in the study of literature in recent years. It is because figurative language has the essence of style and beauty. Figurative language often provides a more effective means of saying what we mean than direct statement. In the specific sense, figurative language may take the form of figures of speech. Figurative language is used in any form of communication, such as in daily conversation, articles in newspaper, advertisements, novels, poems, etc. The effectiveness of figurative language in four main reasons, Perrine (1982) First, figurative language affords readers imaginative pleasure of literary works. Second, it is a way of bringing additional imagery into verse, making the abstract concrete, making literary works more sensuous. The third, figurative is a way of adding emotional intensity to otherwise merely informative statements and conveying attitudes along with information. And the last, it is a way of saying much in brief compass. She divides figurative language into seven types, namely metaphor, simile, personification, metonymy, paradox, overstatement, understatement, irony and illusion. 2 Keraf (1998: 129) divided majas (figures of speech) into two classifications, namely majas retoris (rhetoric) and majas kiasan (analogy). The first classification covers illiteracy, assonances, anastrophe, apophasis, apostrophe, asyndeton, polycyndenton, chiasmus, ellipsis...
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...profession with a short history. At present, it has established its own status in the international community. By using their intelligence and effort, the interpreters have made great contribution to smooth the communication between people who speak different languages. With their talents and techniques, the interpreters help people to overcome language barriers and serve as a bridge in intercultural communication. It is not until 1980s that the research on interpreting has been carried out in China. Ever since the reform and opening-up policy, research work on translation and interpreting has gained more and more attention from scholars. The number of the publication of articles concerning translation and interpreting has been increasing quickly. However, the study of translation in China still falls behind that in the western countries, and the research on interpreting theories and teaching is still a weak area in translation studies in China. Many of...
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...Making Use of English Subtitled K-Pop MV in Exploring Students’ Extensive Reading Comprehension YUNINGSIH Telkom University, Indonesia yuningsihlegiman@gmail.com ABSTRACT Studies on captions and subtitles in EFL learning gave positive effects on comprehension and vocabulary acquisition (Chung, 1996, Neurnan & Koskinen, 1992; Price, 1983; Vanderplank, 1988, 1993). Using song in ELT was highly impressive and motivating (Murphey, 1992; Lied, 2000). This study was designed to investigate the use of English-subtitled K-Pop MV in exploring students’ extensive reading ability. In this case study, five students, four girls and one boy, were selected. To collect the data, document analysis and an in-depth interview were conducted. The findings showed in comprehending the song, the students’ interpretations were still shallow and relying heavily on summary of narrative with very low-level inference. Meanwhile in vocabulary acquisition, it helped their better understanding wider range vocabulary, either in English or Korean. In addition, using K-Pop for learning English was more interesting and enjoyable, it is also motivating. Overall, using English-subtitle on K-Pop can be used as an alternative way to enliven extensive reading. Keywords: Subtitle, comprehension, extensive reading, interpretation, inference. INTRODUCTION The Korean wave—”hallyu” in Korean—refers to a surge in the international visibility of Korean culture, beginning in East Asia in the 1990s and continuing...
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