...Commission on Sustainable Development Seventh Session 19-30 April 1999, New York TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THE GLOBAL IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM Background Paper #1 Prepared by the World Travel and Tourism Organization and International Hotel and Restaurant Association The Global Importance of Tourism prepared by the World Travel & Tourism Council and International Hotel & Restaurant Association A. Introduction Creating jobs and wealth 1. Travel & Tourism is the world’s largest industry and creator of jobs across national and regional economies. WTTC/WEFA research show that in 2000, Travel & Tourism will generate, directly and indirectly, 11.7% of GDP and nearly 200 million jobs in the world-wide economy. These figures are forecasted to total 11.7% and 255 million respectively in 2010. 2. Jobs generated by Travel & Tourism are spread across the economy - in retail, construction, manufacturing and telecommunications, as well as directly in Travel & Tourism companies. These jobs employ a large proportion of women, minorities and young people; are predominantly in small and medium sized companies; and offer good training and transferability. Tourism can also be one of the most effective drivers for the development of regional economies. These patterns apply to both developed and emerging economies. Contributing to sustainable development 3. The 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the Rio Earth Summit, identified Travel & Tourism as one...
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...Organizational Behaviors of Sustainable Tourism A Partial fulfillment for Bilingual MBA Programme 2013 Subject: Organizational Behavior (Code: BP6903) Lecturer: Dr. Yu Wang Presented by: Yinsi Tu (ID: 5539073 ) Shilong Chen (ID: 5569005) Xingjun Liu (ID: 5561065) Jialing Xing (ID: 55569009) Yunmei Wang (ID: 5569006） Content 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Organizational Culture of Sustainable Tourism 3.0 Government's Policies in Sustainable Tourism Management 4.0 Characteristics and Diversities in Sustainable Tourism 5.0 Tourist Behaviors in Sustainable Tourism 6.0 The Relationship between Sustainable Tourism and Environment Protection 7.0 Conclusion 8.0 Bibliography 1.0 Introduction Today, as the world economy，science and technology and cultural developing aggressively , the increase of personal income and free time, Labor and Leisure has become two important aspects of an integral human social life. Today, leisure sports and tourism is the world's most widely used recreational activities. Leisure sports, people enjoy the beauty and movement created by a pleasant activity in order to express themselves to the outside world. Homer and Swatchbrooke (1996) defined tourism as tourism refers to people temporarily leave permanent residence elsewhere in recreational activities. Tourism is part of the tertiary industry. Tourism enterprise is the core...
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...Topic: Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis...
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...abundance of studies that show how tourism greatly impacts environmental sustainability in various ways. The purpose of this report is to explore and analyze the activities that occur in the tourism industry as a whole, which cause a negative impact on the environment. Tourism and the environment are interrelated in a complex way, with many variables. This report will address three main issues. This first issue is how the tourism industry faces a conflict of interest between investors wanting short-term return on investment and environmentally sustainable management. Second, environmental issues are often times limited to only natural environment, with a major focus on pollution, global climate change, resources consumption, and habitat/ecosystems. These issues remain very important, however, in order for effective environmentally sustainable management to take place, a broader topic of sustainability must be covered which includes dimensions of economics, equity and environment. This report will explain how ecotourism aims to address these issues. The third issue is “greenwashing.” A lack of standardization in ecotourism allows for some companies to deceive customers into thinking they have implement environmentally sustainable practices, when in reality they are simply taking advantage of the rising popularity of ecotourism to boost revenues. This paper will explore what has been done so far to address sustainability issues and what practices tourism operators need to adopt to become...
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...UNIT 38: SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Get assignment help for this unit at assignmenthelpuk@yahoo.com LO1 Understand the rationale for planning in the travel and tourism industry Rationale: to achieve the determined objectives eg improved employment opportunities, protection and conservation of wildlife, landscape, co-ordination between public/private partners, to maximise benefits, provide infrastructure, co-ordinate development, consumer protection; involvement of stakeholders eg developers, tourism industry, tourists and host community; public/private partnerships and advantages/disadvantages of; effective use of resources eg infrastructure; natural, cultural, heritage, human resources https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5649485182751853952#editor/target=post;postID=3748877749371906313 LO2 Understand different approaches to tourism planning and development Planning: environmental; economic; social; international; national; regional; local; strategic; short term; qualitative; quantitative; methods of measuring tourism impact eg Cambridge Economic Impact Model (STEAM), Environmental Impact Studies, Pro Poor Tourism; Responsible Tourism, interactive planning systems and processes Development: preservation, conservation, new build LO3 Understand the need for planning for sustainable tourism Sustainable tourism: definitions eg Brundtland Report (1987), Triple Bottom Line, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) Principles for Sustainable Development (1995) Principles:...
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...Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure By Ahmad Maez Al Zuned Student ID: 119148785 BSc (Hon’s) International Tourism and Hospitality Management Final Stage University of Sunderland London Campus August 2012 Contents Abbreviations List 4 Introduction 5 Theoretical Framework 5- 6 Tourism in a Destination 6-10 The Need for Tourism Planning 12-17 Approaches of Tourism Planning 18 Five Approaches of Tourism Planning 19-23 The Practice of Tourism Planning: A Case Study of Kenya 24- 29 Recommendations ...
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...Topic: Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis...
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...Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis management requires...
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...Sustainable Tourism in Canada Content 1. Canadian Tourism Industry……………………………………………………..1 1.1 Canadian tourism industry introduction…………………………………...1 1.2 Canadian tourism industry structure……………………………………….1 2. Sustainable Tourism Strategy…………………………………………………...2 2.1 What is sustainable tourism policy? ..............................................................2 2.2 Reasons of the establishment of sustainable tourism policy……………….2 3. Stakeholders……………………………………………………………………...3 3.1 Federal, provincial and territorial tourism organizations………………...3 3.1.1 Non-market behaviors deployed by tourism organizations…………4 3.1.2 Market behaviors deployed by tourism organizations………………6 3.2 National Parks and Provincial Parks……………………………………….7 3.2.1 Non-market behaviors deployed by National and Provincial Parks..7 3.2.2 Market behaviors deployed by National and Provincial Parks……..8 3.3 Transportation sector (Air, Rail way, Automobile, Cruise, etc.)…………..9 3.3.1 Non-market behaviors deployed by the transportation sector…….10 3.3.2 Market behaviors deployed by the transportation sector………….11 3.4 Accommodation, food and beverage sectors………………………………12 3.4.1 Non-market behaviors deployed by accommodation, food and beverage sectors……………………………………………………..12 3.4.2 Market behaviors deployed by accommodation, food and beverage sectors………………………………………………………………...14 3.5 Travel agencies……………………………………………………………...
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...Sustainable tourism is an industry committed to making a low impact on the environment and local culture, while helping to generate future employment for local people. The aim of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development brings a positive experience for the local people, tourism companies and the tourists themselves. But sustainable tourism is not the same as ecotourism. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Commission on Sustainable Development Seventh Session 19-30 April 1999, New York TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: A LOCAL AUTHORITY PERSPECTIVE Background Paper # 3 Prepared by the International Council on Local Environmental Initiatives 2 Sustainable Tourism: A Local Authority Perspective prepared by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) A. Introduction 1. A primary challenge of local governance, both today and in decades ahead, is to steer increasingly external, global forces on local development so that development achieves the shared vision of the local population. In cities, towns and villages throughout the world, the primary responsibility for this steering process rests with the institution of local government and its diverse local authorities. 2. As providers of social services, builders of economic infrastructure, regulators of economic activity, and managers of the natural environment, local authorities have many direct instruments at their disposal to influence development...
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...Sustainable tourism is a way for Canadian government to meet efficiently its economic and social needs of people. Introduction. "Sustainability - meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" BRUNTLAND REPORT (1987) Tourism is a major component of economic growth all over the world. Especially in coastal areas where it is also a for sustainable development. Tourism is expected to exert an increasing influence on coastal landscape, ecosystem and cultural heritage management. Coastal tourism, as well as tourism in general, is to a large extent dependant on an environment that is attractive to visitors. Consequently, protection of natural and cultural heritage is a precondition for sustainable coastal tourism. Protecting areas and sites constitutes an efficient and necessary way of safeguarding natural and cultural heritage. Therefore, such areas contribute strongly to sustainable coastal tourism, even though a sound balance between protection and development has to be strived for in each individual case. This is why the nations of the world have committed themselves to the sustainable development of their natural and cultural heritage by signing international agreements. Some of them specifically address coastal zones but the majority is more general and wide ranging. Natural heritage includes biodiversity, natural scenery, value for outdoor recreation, etc. and is best managed in line with the requirements...
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...Initial tourism experiences can be very low key in their impacts but sometimes grow to mass tourism. Discuss this change and outline the direction being taken by the tourism industry to manage this growth as Sustainable Tourism. Use current examples, with reference article, to develop and support your argument. Introduction Travelling is the leading leisure activity choice among other activities in today world. Tourism have changed and evolved over time. According to Jafari’s advocacy platform, during the post war years of 1950s to 1960s, tourism started to bloom due to emergence of strong middle class and hence increasing the wealth and interest and outgoing attitudes of individuals. The improvements of technology in transportation allowed people to travel in masses, resulting in mass production and mass consumption in that period, simply put, the movement caused the birth of mass tourism. Overtime the impacts of mass tourism, both positive and negative, to the destination start to surface; sustainable tourism is introduced to manage the impacts of mass tourism. Development of Mass Tourism Mass tourism is said to consist of various elements but the principle lies with the participation of large numbers of people (Fink, 1970). It is a distinct form of tourism that can be separated from the others base on it linkage to mass production, mass consumption and mass tourist destination (Vainikka, 2013) and these mass consumption took place with the lack of consideration...
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...This article was downloaded by: [84.73.77.235] On: 21 September 2013, At: 09:20 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Sustainable Tourism Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rsus20 Toward sustainable educational travel Joshua Long , Alison Vogelaar & Brack W. Hale a a b c Southwestern University, Environmental Studies , 1001 E. University Blvd., Georgetown , TX , 78626 , United States b Franklin College Switzerland , Communication and Media Studies , Lugano , Switzerland c Franklin College Switzerland , Environmental Science , Lugano , Switzerland Published online: 30 Jul 2013. To cite this article: Joshua Long , Alison Vogelaar & Brack W. Hale , Journal of Sustainable Tourism (2013): Toward sustainable educational travel, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2013.819877 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.819877 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views...
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...www.palgrave-journals.com/thr Using decision trees to identify tourism stakeholders: The case of two Eastern North Carolina counties Erick T. Byrd* and Larry Gustke Received (in revised form): 1st May, 2006 *Department of Recreation, Tourism, and Hospitality Management, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA Tel: + 1 336-334-3041; Fax: + 1 336-334-3238; E-mail: etbyrd@uncg.edu Erick T. Byrd is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Recreation, Tourism, and Hospitality Management at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro. His current research interests focus on community participation in tourism development. Larry Gustke is an Associate Professor in the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management at North Carolina State University. His current research interests focus on community tourism planning. ABSTRACT KEYWORDS: decision tree analysis, stakeholder inclusion, sustainable tourism, tourism planning their support for sustainable tourism development in their community. Tourism and Hospitality Research (2007) 7, 176–193. doi:10.1057/palgrave.thr.6050049 This paper explores stakeholder involvement in tourism planning, development, and management. For tourism planners to include stakeholders in the tourism planning process those stakeholders and their interests need to be identified. The research reported in this paper describes and applies an analytical technique that is not traditionally used...
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...twentieth century, tourism industries become an integral part of the country economy growth. One of the earliest tourism was mass tourism; this kind of tourism did not take fully ‘sustainability’ into account. After several years, most of the countries realised that they are facing problems and issues associated with tourism industry (by the tourist and tourism entrepreneurs) either on the country’s economics, social and environment i.e. impacts that can be positive and negative. Due to this, new form of tourism emerged – sustainable tourism, as an alternative to the classic mass tourism. Concepts of Sustainability Tourism: Ecotourism After 1960, sustainability has become a commonly used term, however, the definition of term or concepts of ‘sustainable’ is ambiguous. This is due to the lack of guidelines, and some countries and researchers’ theories have different perspectives and interpretations. The notion that tourism could be “sustainable” is part of the dialogue on sustainable development. The WT0-OMT defines sustainable tourism as “sustainable tourism development meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protection and enhancing opportunities for the future. It is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems”. The concept of sustainable tourism has moved beyond...
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