... We live our lives by a code of ethics and moral values sometimes these can be thrown out the window when fallacies and rhetoric absolutes are brought into play. Something I have always thought to be wrong not matter what I been told, and it just has the feeling of being wrong. For the essay I will talk about murder or death by another human. This has been a topic for ethics for a long time as our government has deemed it ethical to punish this crime by committing the unethical act themselves. Now, let’s talk about how this plays out on our minds. The way most people see it as eye for an eye if someone commits the unthinkable act of murder it is okay to kill the one that commits the act. To me this is humans try to play GOD and is never ethical. Who gave us the right end lives? Why is it that it’s okay to kill bugs, animals, and punish our own by death? It’s not and will never be I think it sick to think that we can make a difference by murdering people. It simple we are not GOD and never will understand that we cannot control the ethics of people is instilling fear into ethical standards by making murder a tool that we think show ethical value. When really just shows how much we don’t understand and how society ethics are broken. We believe things are right only because that is all we have been taught, sometimes we really need to check inside ourselves to find the truth. Unethical View We live our lives by a code of ethics and moral values sometimes these can...
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...someone cheated off of my exam I would be down-right livid. I don’t work my butt off just so someone else could skirt by. I would never cheat off of someone else because chances are that that person would have the same reaction as I would. In a more extreme case, murder, theft, and abuse are just a few other things that I would never do. I wouldn’t like any of those things to happen to me or anyone I knew. Therefore I would certainly never wish that upon anyone else. Not only does society tell us that those crimes are wrong, but my own emotions tell me that it is wrong. The second tool I use for ethical situations relates to my aforementioned emotions. Most of the time, my ethical decisions come from gut-instinct. In lecture, ethics were described as “so...
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...This essay is based on adult case study two a 70 year old male patient called Mr James. All names have been change in this essay in order to comply with the NMC (2008). Code professional conduct on confidential. The case study highlights a number of principle, legal issues and professional value. These will be identified and some will be discuss in details. Ethics is concerned with the study of social morality and philosophical reflection of norms and practice (Burckhardt and Nathaniel 2003). These ethical issues are those based on basic and essential to social values that include respect for life, liberty and to be cared for. There will be a demonstration of understanding the theory of deontology while recognizing the importance of ethical principles in relation on the delivery of individual patient care. Informed consent will be highlighted in detail to provide validity and factors involved. A reflection will be provided to detail the understanding of how ethical theories contribute to the ethical decision making process in clinical area. Also a brief discussion will be given to show what has been gained from producing this essay. Consent can be defined as an agreement to allow something to happen based on full disclosure of facts needed to make an intelligent decision (Hazel 2002). This includes the knowledge of risks involved, benefits and consequence of refusal. Informed consent not only requires that a person be given all relevant information required...
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...What is Susan's dilemma? Susan is faced with the dilemma of say something now and get fired (ie: accomplish little but do what's right) or put up with what is happening in an effort to change it when you are in a position of power. Susan's risk evaluation based on priorities - provides justification for her actions Risk of being ostracized and/or losing her job Risk of allowing people to continue stealing and becoming part of the problem She has to stand by while no one does anything to correct the problem that she knows is wrong. As a result, of poor management she is left with a decision to make. While her intentions are good she is not sure what is the most effective route to take to accomplishing her goals while still keeping the position. There is an element of self interest in this case, as with many ethical dilemmas. Susan could approach the co-workers and demand that they stop, this would turn the group against her and eventually be forced from her position. Alternatively, she could wait until she becomes a manager to change the actions but that would require her to "allow" the activity to continue. This creates a significant dilemma because she must sacrifice personal gain for her employer. She attempts to rationalize "allowing" the action as the best route to changing it. This also provides her with a stable job and the justification sheds light on how she weights her priorities. What influences her perceptions and behaviour? She is influenced...
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...difficult situation to be in. Should you choose to betray your company or government to do the questionably right thing, or should you aid and abet the scandals by helping keep the secrets? Everyone has different opinions of the subject, especially as far as ethicists are concerned. Another word for ethics is the Greek word, “ethos”. In the United States Army, we are to live by the Warrior Ethos. The Warrior Ethos is made up of: Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, and Personal Courage. Each etho, or ethic, relies on the others. Integrity being the main one, and the base for all the others in my opinion. If you do not have integrity, then you cannot personally have any of the others. Although whistleblowers seem to be doing the right thing according to deontologists, utilitarian soften feel the opposite. With an example of Adrian Schoolcraft (NYPD 81st Precinct Whistleblower police officer), the officers exploited obviously did not have loyalty to themselves, their job, or the citizens he was supposed to protect. Not only did they violate their duty, but they also disrespected many people, namely victims of rape whose assailants were only charged with trespassing. If the officers had selfless service, they would not have downgraded crimes to make their jurisdiction seem less violent than what it truly is. Everything continues to be denied, even though there are recordings of those officers making illegal orders. There was no integrity to do what was right,...
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...Contents Assignment of monetary value 3 Whistle-blowing 9 Competitor Intelligence 13 Business Ethics 16 Is business ethics important, if so why? 16 Assignment of monetary value Utilitarianism and cost-benefit analysis are indispensable tools, in the situations where people have to make decisions. In a free society, individuals, or voluntary associations of individuals (whether corporations, nonprofits, households, or informal gatherings) often need to make decisions. Looking at the costs and benefits of individual decisions is important. The important thing to note here is, though, that different decision-makers may assign different costs and benefits to the same things, and thus come up with different courses of action. This is because different people have different preferences, different bases of experience, and different goals. Thus, there is no one-size-fits-all cost-benefit analysis, but the tools and principles of cost-benefit an analysis are useful to all. Some people are uncomfortable with the idea of applying cost-benefit analyses to things that are not usually measured in tangible monetary terms. There are two kinds of objections. One is the objection to any “apples to oranges” comparison. Second is the fact that some things get debased when valued in monetary or utilitarian terms. Both of these are valid criticisms, but in situations where we do need to make decisions, we really have no choice but to weigh different forms of cost and...
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...marketing, regulation of product safety, and intellectual property. Marketing and advertising, relating to any industry in the market, may have different forms of ethical issues. For example, advertising may be unethical when the content in the advertisement has unethical issues such as the use of harsh language or pictures that may not be pleasant to all age groups (Ashcroft, 2007). It is important for advertising agencies to consider all ethical factors while posting any advertisement to the public. In addition, marketing may lead to unethical issues such as pollution to the environment and trespassing. Some marketing activities involve showing consumers how products work. The waste used in these marketing activities may at times not be well disposed off, which may lead to environmental pollution. Further, some marketing and business activities may lead to trespassing onto private property, which is unethical to the society....
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...advertising and marketing, regulation of product safety, and intellectual property. Marketing and advertising, relating to any industry in the market, may have different forms of ethical issues. For example, advertising may be unethical when the content in the advertisement has unethical issues such as the use of harsh language or pictures that may not be pleasant to all age groups (Ashcroft, 2007). It is important for advertising agencies to consider all ethical factors while posting any advertisement to the public. In addition, marketing may lead to unethical issues such as pollution to the environment and trespassing. Some marketing activities involve showing consumers how products work. The waste used in these marketing activities may at times not be well disposed off, which may lead to environmental pollution. Further, some marketing and business activities may lead to trespassing onto private...
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...industry…$18.2 billion • Software…$53.0 billion Losses from peer-to-peer downloading is perceived to be unethical by the majority of the US public, but only by one third of college students. Societal Values and Attitudes: • Are relative • Affect ethical and legal relationships It is not uncommon for a person to adapt their behavior and ethics to the group where they spend their time, and to change it from group to group. Ethics of Exchange The exchange process is central to the marketing concept. Ethical exchanges between sellers and buyers should result in both parties being better off after a transaction. Societal culture provides a foundation for understanding moral behavior in business activities. Business cultures “comprise the effective rules of the game, the boundaries between competitive and unethical behavior, [and] the codes of conduct in business dealings.” Before the 1960s, the legal concept of caveat emptor, let the buyer beware—was pervasive in the American business culture. In 1962, President John F. Kennedy outlined a Consumer Bill of Rights that codified the ethics of exchange between buyers and sellers. These were the right: (1) to safety: The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission routinely monitors the safety of 15,000 consumer products. However, even the most vigilant efforts to ensure safe products cannot foresee every possibility. (2) to be informed: The right to be informed means that marketers have an obligation...
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...Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice Robert A. Buerki, Ph.D. Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration The Ohio State University Louis D. Vottero, M.S. Professor of Pharmacy Emeritus Ohio Northern University American Institute of the History of Pharmacy Madison, Wisconsin 2002 Acknowledgments: Pages 208-10: "Principles of Medical Ethics" and "Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship," reprinted with permission from the Code of Medical Ethics, American Medical Association, © 1994 and © 2000. AMA logo reprinted with the permission of the American Medical Association. © 2002 American Medical Association. Usage of the AMA logo does not imply an endorsement of the non-AMA material found in this book. Page 211: "Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements," reprinted with permission from the American Nurses Association, © 2001 American Nurses Publishing, American Nurses Foundation/American Nurses Association, Washington, D.C. Pages 212-15: "A Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the American Hospital Association, © 1992. Pages 216-17: "Pharmacy Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. On the cover: The "triad of medical care" has been the basis for the ethical relationship between the pharmacist, the physician, and the patient for centuries. In the background, an early depiction of the triad from Book 7 of the encyclopedia...
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...CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER OUTLINE What Is Managerial Ethics? Criteria for Ethical Decision Making Utilitarian Approach Individualism Approach Moral Rights Approach Justice Approach Factors Affecting Ethical Choices The Manager The Organization What Is Social Responsibility? Organizational Stakeholders The Ethic of Sustainability and the Natural Environment Evaluating Corporate Social Performance Economic Responsibilities Legal Responsibilities Ethical Responsibilities Discretionary Responsibilities Managing Company Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethical Individuals Ethical Leadership Organizational Structures and Systems Ethical Challenges in Turbulent Times Economic Performance Social Entrepreneurship Managerial Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Define ethics and explain how ethical behavior relates to behavior governed by law and free choice. Explain the utilitarian, individualism, moral rights, and justice approaches for evaluating ethical behavior. Describe how individual and organizational factors shape ethical decision making. Define corporate social responsibility and how to evaluate it along economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary criteria. Describe four organizational approaches to environmental responsibility, and explain the philosophy of sustainability. Discuss how ethical organizations are created through ethical leadership and organizational...
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...Case Report On Dilemma at Devil’s Den Submitted to Dr. S Khan Submitted by : Group - 5 Aayush Shrivastava (2011005) Adarsh Kamath (2011012) Aditya Vikram (2011019) Akshay Shukla (2011026) Anchal Jain (2011033) Anshul Garg (2011040) Ashish Singh (2011047) INTRODUCTION Susan a business student at Mt Eagle College is working part time inside her campus snack bar ‘THE DEVIL’S DEN’ which is managed by contract with an external company COLLEGE FOOD SERVICE (CFS) Student employees involved are those who worked at night shifts and on the weekends. They are students at the college and are under supervision of another student, who held the position of manager. There was approx 30 student employees and 6 student mangers employed by CFS to supervise the DEN. During the day time CFS employed full time managers (non students). Student managers are previous employees chosen by other student managers and they received no formal training or written rules beyond what they had already learned working there. After working for a semester Susan became upset with some of happenings i.e. many employees were allowing their friends to take free food, employees themselves were also taking food in large quantities when leaving their shifts (against the policies). Employees and customers were taking advantage of situation whereby they could steal food almost whenever they wanted. Reasons behind these problems were employee’s wages were low...
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...ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Third Edition This page intentionally left blank ETHICS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Third Edition George W. Reynolds Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Ethics in Information Technology, Third Edition by George W. Reynolds VP/Editorial Director: Jack Calhoun Publisher: Joe Sabatino Senior Acquisitions Editor: Charles McCormick Jr. Senior Product Manager: Kate Hennessy Mason Development Editor: Mary Pat Shaffer Editorial Assistant: Nora Heink Marketing Manager: Bryant Chrzan Marketing Coordinator: Suellen Ruttkay Content Product Manager: Jennifer Feltri Senior Art Director: Stacy Jenkins Shirley Cover Designer: Itzhack Shelomi Cover Image: iStock Images Technology Project Manager: Chris Valentine Manufacturing Coordinator: Julio Esperas Copyeditor: Green Pen Quality Assurance Proofreader: Suzanne Huizenga Indexer: Alexandra Nickerson Composition: Pre-Press PMG © 2010 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission...
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...internet-has changed the way we relate to one another. It has also revolutionized economics and business”. The authors state that while e-commerce, the sale of goods over the internet, has boosted online sales, especially products like books, CDs and computer products; it has also raised important new ethical challenges. These challenges revolve around four main issues: security, privacy, identity and transaction non-refutability. There is no doubt that a new ethical dilemma has arisen and these authors propose two universal principles that must be upheld by internet commerce. The first ethical challenge of internet commerce is security, commonly referred to as “hacking”, ‘cracking”, or “page jacking”. Internet security breaches involve trespassing or breaking into computer networks, websites, and mailboxes. Hackers will steal information from confidential files, steal services or damage a system by swamping a PC, a server or a network. The second ethical challenge relates to privacy, which involves protecting the collection, storage, processing, disseminating and destruction of personal information. They continue that no one is anonymous on-line and what is nirvana for direct marketers is a nightmare for any consumer who wants to protect his or her privacy. On-line advertising can be targeted with great precision today, thanks to “cookies”, a mall text files that companies install on the hard drives of people who visit their sites in order to tract their profiles and browsing habits...
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...Ethical Dilemma – Samouel’s Greek Cuisine Joshua has spent several hours researching his portion of his team project. His job is to collect secondary data. The conflicting information that Joshua has found is still considered secondary data even though it is not from a reputable firm. Secondary business data can be very helpful in determining the correct business path for a company to go in. The data, though conflicting should still be incorporated and explained in his research findings to his group. The data is from a government -sponsored website and may be very valuable. Joshua should stay late and examine the quality of the data he has found on the conflicting website. He needs to look at the reliability and the validity of the data that is presented. Who is the information being provided through and how was it collected, and is it free from bias? What was the data in the study originally collected for and does that influence the outcome. The information is from a government sponsored website so there is some credibility in the source. I do not feel that Joshua should ignore this research in his findings. If Joshua feels that he does not want to include this data he should talk to his group and explain why he feels it is not relevant. It should not be hidden from the findings if it has a role to play in the research and can help the restaurant’s performance in the future. There is a value in secondary research and when it is used appropriately...
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