...topic. Try to make it as creative as possible; if you're given the opportunity to choose your own, take advantage of this. Choose something you're particularly interested in because this will make it easier to write; in particular, try to select the topic as a result of pressing questions you already know you want to search for answers to. Once you've decided on a topic, be sure to hone down it to a do-able topic; often a topic is initially too broad in its coverage, which will make it impossible to complete within the time and space constraints given. Narrow down your topic to something that can really be worked within the boundaries of the paper. If the topic is already chosen for you, start exploring unique angles that can set your content and information apart from the more obvious approaches many others will probably take. Finally, whatever angle your topic takes, it should be both original in approach and insightful, something the reader will be drawn into and fascinated by. Ads by Google Postgraduate Forum Tearing your hair out writing up? Talk to students in the same boat www.postgraduateforum.com * Take great care not to choose a topic and be so set on how you see the outcome of your paper that you're closed to new ideas and avenues of thinking as you work through the paper. This is known in academia as "premature cognitive commitment". It can mar an otherwise good paper because an outcome that is pre-determined in your head, regardless of the research findings...
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...share some of the many ideas that have surfaced over the past few years that definitely make the task of finishing a graduate degree so much easier. (This Guide is a companion to the Guide for Writing a Funding Proposal.) Usually a guide of this nature focuses on the actual implementation of the research. This is not the focus of this guide. Instead of examining such aspects as identifying appropriate sample size, field testing the instrument and selecting appropriate statistical tests, this guide looks at many of the quasi-political aspects of the process. Such topics as how to select a supportive committee, making a compelling presentation of your research outcomes and strategies for actually getting the paper written are discussed. Of course, many of the ideas that are presented can be used successfully by other graduate students studying under the guidance of other advisers and from many different disciplines. However, the use of this guide carries no guarantee - implied or otherwise. When in doubt check with your adviser. Probably the best advice to start with is the idea of not trying to do your research entirely by yourself. Do it in conjunction with your adviser. Seek out his/her input and assistance. Stay in touch with your adviser so that both of you know what's happening. There's a much better chance of getting to the end of your project and with a smile on your face. With this in mind, enjoy the guide. I hope it will help you finish your graduate degree in good...
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...1. Choose your topic. Try to make it as creative as possible; if you're given the opportunity to choose your own, take advantage of this. Choose something you're particularly interested in because this will make it easier to write; in particular, try to select the topic as a result of pressing questions you already know you want to search for answers to. Once you've decided on a topic, be sure to hone down it to a do-able topic; often a topic is initially too broad in its coverage, which will make it impossible to complete within the time and space constraints given. Narrow down your topic to something that can really be worked within the boundaries of the paper. If the topic is already chosen for you, start exploring unique angles that can set your content and information apart from the more obvious approaches many others will probably take. Finally, whatever angle your topic takes, it should be both original in approach and insightful, something the reader will be drawn into and fascinated by. * Take great care not to choose a topic and be so set on how you see the outcome of your paper that you're closed to new ideas and avenues of thinking as you work through the paper. This is known in academia as "premature cognitive commitment". It can mar an otherwise good paper because an outcome that is pre-determined in your head, regardless of the research findings along the way, will be molded to fit the outcome, rather than the outcome reflecting a genuine analysis of the discoveries...
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...reference properly (3) 59.6% Presentation skills (4) 55.3% How to revise your written work effectively (5) 51.1% Learning / Research skills (6) 48.9% Essay writing skills (7) 44.7% Basic writing skills (8) 12.8% Unfortunately, you need to get to grips with (8) before you can truly master (1)…. Writing Skills for Psychologists Factors which contribute to your written work’s grade include (1) Your general writing skills. (How to write) (2) Your understanding of what is required of an undergraduate essay / lab report / presentation. (Why to write) (3) Your understanding of the topic. (What to write) This lecture will focus on 1 and 2. HOWEVER improving 1&2 will inevitably lead to improvements in 3! The following factors are equally important, and are down to you. 1. How interested you are in the topic. 2. The importance you attach to receiving a high grade for a particular piece of work. 3. The amount of effort you are prepared to make given other academic commitments. Writing Skills for Psychologists Why writing skills are important: - For faculty too….. We are trying to teach you how to “do science”. Science progresses by researchers testing hypotheses experimentally, and then publishing a written account of their rationale, procedures, findings, and interpretations. All faculty in EP are “research active” - we write papers which are published in academic journals. This involves a...
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...ABOUT MY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PROSPECT OF MY SCIENTIFIC CAREER Firstly I want to introduce myself. I’m E. Suvd. I graduated from Mongolian University of Science and Technology in 2006 and got my bachelor degree in an engineer of gas supply and transmission but after I acquired to specialize in engineering teacher. Now I’m the first year postgraduate student of Novosibirsk State Technical University. I study at the faculty of Humanities, at the department of Psychology and Pedagogy. In the course of my postgraduate studies I’m to take candidate examinations in Philosophy, English and the special subject. That is why I attend courses of English and Philosophy. I’m sure the knowledge of English and Philosophy will help me in my research. I think what science can answer any question we have about the universe, while scientific research allows us to follow our interests, to learn something new, to give our problem solving skill. Therefore, learning to do scientific research is very important but hard. Every field of study has its own research problems and methods. After I got my master degree, I started to be interested scientific research. For this reason I enrolled to postgraduate course. I’m doing research in the field of pedagogy. My scientific research is devoted to the theory of value and engineering education in Mongolia. My dissertation topic is “Axiological aspect of engineering education in Mongolia”. I was interested in this problem when I was worked in the field...
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...How to Be a Successful PhD Student (in Computer Science (in NLP/ML)) Mark Dredze (Johns Hopkins University) Hanna M. Wallach (University of Massachusetts Amherst) Version 1.0, March 20, 2012 Being a graduate student can be extremely rewarding and a lot of fun, but it’s also hard work. Like anything in life, there are ways to succeed and ways to fail. Hopefully, you will find a good support network that can help you learn what it takes to be a good graduate student. However, not everyone is able to find such a network, and it’s important to learn these lessons early. This guide was written based on our experiences as graduate students and our experiences advising graduate students, specifically, PhD students in NLP and machine learning; however, we hope many of the points are applicable to a wider audience. Where possible, we have indicated when advice is field-specific. Beyond that, the advice is listed in no particular order. No doubt there will be points with which you disagree. That’s totally fine -- there are certainly points about which even we had differing views; however, before you decide to ignore these points, it’s well worth taking the time to understand why we included them. Becoming a PhD Student Why Get a PhD? This question is dealt with extensively in other documents, so we will not discuss it in detail here; however, we want to emphasize the importance of asking this question. Getting a PhD will change your career path dramatically. Not only does getting...
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... TASHIMA RESEARCH PAPER ASSIGNMENT Educational Goal: This Research Assignment intends to develop a student’s ability to: 1. Read and follow directions. 2. Collect information/data. 3. Analyze and interpret the information/data. IMPORTANT NOTE: Realize that every class and instructor/professor may have different formats and requirements for their research paper. Carefully read the directions, instructions and guidelines for every class. Take the time to prepare each paper specifically for each class. One instructor/professor may require one thing and another instructor may require something that is totally opposite. DO NOT assume that all research assignments will be the same. SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH PAPER 1. A written and WORD PROCESSED college level research paper. This paper will utilize the scientific method to analyze and discuss data/information concerning our contemporary society. ALL papers should use “Word” or be saved in an .rtf format for Turnitin.com submissions. (see page 8) Papers must be submitted to Discussion Board #6 – Research Assignment in Blackboard by the due date listed in the syllabus. 2. Your paper should include the following parts of the SCIENTIFIC METHOD. You MUST use these as HEADINGS in your paper. They are like chapter titles in a book. There is a 30-point reduction if you are missing these headings: A. STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM B. LITERATURE REVIEW C. HYPOTHESIS ...
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...English 205 Research Project-Spring 2014 Assignment (adapted from Ways of Reading, AW 1) One way to work on Patricia Nelson Limerick’s essay, “Haunted America”, is to take the challenge and write history—to write the kind of history, that is, that takes into account the problems she defines, the problems of myth, point of view, fixed ideas, simple narrative selective storytelling, misery. You are not a professional historian, you are probably not using this text in a history course, and you don’t have the time to produce a carefully researched history, one that covers all the bases, but you can think of this as an exercise in history writing, a mini-history, a place to start. Consider the following as a place to start: Go to your college library or, perhaps, the local historical society, and find two or three first-person accounts of a single event, ideally accounts from different perspectives. Or, if these are not available, look to the work of historians, but historians taking different positions on a single event. (This does not have to be a history of the American West.) Even if you work with published historians, try to include original documents and accounts in your essay. The more varied the accounts, the better. Then, working with these texts as your primary sources, write a history, one that you can offer as a response to “Haunted America.” Suggestions for writing: Stage the work out into several drafts, writing first from one position or point...
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...chances are you many be suffering from writer's block. Don't set your computer on fire out of frustration! It is important to understand that writing is not like mathematics. You won’t be able to sit down, figure the problem out, and move on with your day. It is a process that can take days and even weeks to complete (depending on the class and the assignment). Allow yourself plenty of time to spend on writing your paper. Keep track of when it’s due, and begin as early as you possibly can. Overcoming writer’s block is a skill that is worth your time and effort. Telling yourself that you still have a week to do it (and ultimately not taking the time to work through your writer’s block) will result in last...
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...My Self Evaluation I am writing this paper as a self-evaluation of myself as a writer and my growth in writing as a college student. College is something many people try to tackle in their lifetime and also a fear many people never tackle during their life. At eighteen years old I was one of those people fearful to become a college student and because of that I did not attend college until I was twenty one years old. When attending my first semester of college I thought that the English class I attended that semester would be the only English class I would have to attend throughout my college experience and the only form of writing I would have to tackle. Little did I know that it was only the beginning of my journey with writing? When starting English 102 I was very nervous not only knowing that there would be an extremely long and time consuming paper involved but also the numerous comments I’ve heard about how hard the class truly is. One of those comments being that the national average drop rate for the course was a 60%. During my first night in class we were informed that our first paper would be a website evaluation. I was frightened just starting...
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...ECON 191, Fall 2012 Guidelines for Writing an Economics Research Paper Writing a good economics paper is both an exciting and a nontrivial task. It requires a sustained effort in identifying an important question and in developing a credible model to think about that question or a testable hypothesis to answer it. In many cases it may require collecting data that gives the opportunity to test the hypothesis that you develop. You are encouraged to structure your paper in four parts: introduction, literature review, body, and conclusion. A brief abstract of no more than 100 words should precede your paper. Introduction Identifying a significant and well formulated question is the single most important part of the research process and the most difficult as well. A good research question has to be concise (remember, you are writing a 15-page paper, not a book), feasible and important. Choosing a research question requires balancing importance and feasibility. Feasibility means tractability for theoretical research and data availability for empirical research. Whenever you come up with an idea for a research question, always try to think about a critic sitting in front of you asking “Why should I care about this?” Consider this question to be a first filter for your research question. Identify a well-defined research question. The introduction is where you (1) present the research question, (2) motivate why it is important and briefly outline (3) how you go about answering it...
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...A Guide for Writing a Technical Research Paper Libby Shoop Macalester College, Mathematics and Computer Science Department 1 Introduction This document provides you with some tips and some resources to help you write a technical research paper, such as you might write for your required capstone project paper. First, congratulations are in order– you are embarking on an activity that is going to change the way you think and add to the overall body of human knowledge. The skill of gathering information, deciding what is important, and writing about it for someone else is extremely valuable and will stay with you for the rest of your life. Because we humans have been doing this for quite some time, we have some reasonably standard forms for technical research papers, which you should use for your capstone. You should do this because your paper will better understood by readers who are familiar with this form. Before you can begin writing your paper, you need to have a sense for what research entails, so I’ll start there. Then I will give you some tips about writing, including connecting with your readers, defining your topic, the format of your paper, and how to include references from the literature. I am a computer scientist, so be aware that parts of this paper are biased toward my discipline. 2 What is Research? A short definition of research, as given by Booth, Colomb, and Williams (Booth et al., 1995) is “gathering the information you need to answer...
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...Toyota is renowned not only as one of the World's greatest manufacturers and for its Toyota Production System (TPS), but also as the company that inspired Lean Production (Lean). However, there is a common assumption that Lean Production and the Toyota Production System are identical. In this research paper we will compare TPS and Lean and will try to answer the question: Are there any differences between TPS and Lean and, if yes, what are they? Our approach to comparing TPS and Lean will be based on the 14 Management principles described in Jeffrey Liker's book The Toyota Way. We will briefly describe each TPS principle and then search the Lean literature: books, journal articles, and web-sites to find evidence of whether or not the same principle is present in Lean Production and whether there are any differences in the interpretation of the principle, its scope and depth. It is worth noting that this research paper will focus on one way comparison between TPS and Lean; we will not try to outline topics present in the Lean literature and then identify whether or not they are covered in the TPS literature. This research paper is based on the usage of three types of resources: books, articles and organizational web-sites. The books listed in the references section can be generally sub-divided into three groups: the origination of Lean and its connection to Toyota ([1] and [3]), books describing the Lean tools and providing limited guidance on the implementation of Lean ([2]...
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...Writing a Research Paper in Literary Studies1 The most important aspect to bear in mind is that you are writing a research paper and not an essay! This means that you are arguing a thesis with reference to secondary literature – it is essential that you conduct relevant research and that you integrate your findings into your paper. Things to keep in mind: • Your paper should have a well-defined topic and a precisely formulated argument. • Your approach should be recognizably systematic. • Your argument should remain relevant and clear-cut, consistent and coherent throughout. • Your secondary material should be discussed critically and documented accurately. • Writing is a process; you should constantly revisit and revise. DON’T FORGET TO PRINT, SIGN AND ATTACH THE “PLAGIATSHINWEIS”! First steps Many students neglect the preliminary work of the writing process, but if you give it sufficient attention the actual writing of your paper will be faster and more organized than if you just start writing. The most important thing is to be systematic in your approach. 1. Finding a topic Perhaps the most difficult part of any research paper is finding an adequate topic, formulating a title and making a coherent argument. Once you have decided on a topic or a title, which in literary studies will most likely involve a certain text, rephrase it as a question to guide your research. You should also think about the methodology you intend to apply to your analysis. • ...
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...The Basics of Writing English Term Paper The most difficult task for students is writing an essay of any kind. One of them is English term paper. English paper writing is intended to describe different concepts or events. Term paper requires several typed pages in length. It is due at some certain term – either a quarter or semester. Students are constantly lacking the creativity, they can not produce an essay at a professional level. More often, applicants need help, assistance and some guidance. However, this is a serious problem for those who are studying well, but cannot show his/her good basic writing skills. With the help of English term paper writing, students are required to compose an essay for assessment of their knowledge. They show their knowledge in grammar, punctuation, spelling and logical sentence organization as well as materials studied at certain period of time. If you do not have a tutor to give some recommendations and you cannot create term paper independently, you may always find English term paper example online. It will help you to make up some outline format first, then the other sections of the English paper writing. In order to develop your skills in writing and thinking, you may also follow useful tips designed specially to make your English term paper writing more clear, logical and consistent: - The most important part of English term paper writing is the first paragraph. Think over it carefully in order to stimulate the readers’ attention...
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