...“Understanding Financial Statements and Cash Flow” There are four main financial statements. They are (1) balance sheets; (2) income statements; (3) cash flow statements; and (4) statements of shareholders’ equity. Now let’s take a look at the first three financial statements more in detail. The balance sheet is basically a snapshot of the firm. It is used to organize and summarize what a firm owns (assets), what a firm owes (liabilities), and the difference between the two (the firm’s equity) at any given time. A balance sheet shows a company’s assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity at the end of the reporting period. It does not show the flows into and out of the accounts during the period. The Balance Statement only tells how the company stands on one particular day, for instance the 31st of December or 30th of April. The Balance Statement is usually made by the accountant but it is in your interest to understand it. Assets are things that a company owns that have value and are classified as either current or fixed. A fixed asset has a relatively long life, whereas, a current asset has a lifespan of less than one year. This means that the asset will convert to cash within a year. Cash, inventory, and accounts receivables are a few current assets. Fixed assets include things that can’t be touched but nevertheless exist and have value, such as trademarks and patents. Liabilities are amounts of money that a company owes to others. They are classified as current...
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...Financial Statements Patty Reagan ACC/561 September 24, 2012 Bethany Kessel Financial Statements The financial statements of a company give the reader a view of the financial health of the company. The four major reports are the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and the statement of shareholders’ equity. By understanding the statements and how they relate to one another can help any individual to understand the financial position of the company and will aid in making good decisions when relating to the company. Each report is of importance to the management, creditors, and the investors. Income Statement The gains, revenues, losses, and expenses of a company are listed on the income statement (Johnson, 2012). The money that a company earned from the usual business operations is the revenue. The costs that are associated with earning revenue are expenses. If a company were to sell an asset, it will be considered to be either a capital gain or loss. The amount of net income is found on the cash flow statement as well. This report will be important to investors, creditors, and management. All involved parties want to see if the company is making money or if it is losing money. Balance Statement The balance sheet is a summary of a company’s assets, liabilities, and shareholders’ equity for a particular period (Balance Sheet, 2012). The three segments will give an investor a view of what a company owns and owes and the amount that shareholders...
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...2014 ABSTRACT Week 4 brought on the discussions of analyzing financial statements. We looked at how to use the indirect and direct methods when putting together a statement of cash flows. It was also discussed how one would use ratios and vertical and horizontal analysis in regards to deciphering financial statements. Lastly, we talked about preferred and common stocks are issued, placed as journal entries on financial statements and the paid out in dividends. With these topics we got to see why financial statements are compiled the way they are and it gave us a better understanding of how they work for a company. Each week the understanding is getting greater on financial statements. Financial statements are analyzed by corporations so that they are able to see and identify their strengths and possible weaknesses. Identifying the relationship with the balance sheet and a company’s profit and loss accounting will help in the decision making process on whether to proceed with certain things or to either change or eliminate them all together. External users of a company look at the information on financial statements to decide whether or not they want to invest or issue credit but the company also uses these statements to help make the hard decisions that management needs to build a company with staying power. Through issue of common and preferred stocks we must pace the journal entries on our statements and then we use that information when we are paying out dividends...
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...of Accounting and to develop in them the ability to evaluate and use accounting data as an aid to decision making. The main purpose is to assist the students in developing skills in problem solving and decision making in the financial area. Emphasis is laid on analysis and utilization of financial and accounting data for planning and control. 2. Course Duration: The course duration is of 40 sessions of 70 minutes each. 3. Course Contents: |Module No: |Module Content |No. of |70 Marks | | | |Sessions |(External | | | | |Evaluation) | |I |Fundamentals of Accounting |10 |20 | | |Basic understanding of accounting, Accounting Concepts, | | | | |Conceptual framework of financial statements, | | | | |Accounting Policies, Journal Entries and preparation of | | ...
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...Introduction | This is the assignment for the Understanding Financial Management unit. The aim of this unit is to develop understanding of finance within the context of an organisation, as required by a practising or potential middle manager.The task requires you to demonstrate your understanding of finance and the value of recording financial information within the context of your organisation. You are then asked to explain the process of budget setting in the organisation and how budgetary techniques are used to contribute to controlling cost in your own area of operation.If you are not currently working within an organisation, then you may complete this task in relation to an organisation with which you are familiar. This could include experience working in a voluntary capacity.The tasks you need to undertake are:- * read all the questions * complete the learning activities associated with this course * discuss the assignment with your coach at your tutorial * complete any other activities that you need to undertake for your assignment * answer the questions in the spaces provided Here are some tips on completing the assignment, based on submissions from previous students: * make sure you read and answer all the questions! Even the most accomplished writers have fallen down by providing answers that are exceptionally well written – but well off the mark. This is usually because they have not gathered a full understanding of the questions before embarking on the answer...
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...The Four Types of Financial Statements Aaron Ellyson University of Phoenix The Four Types of Financial Statements In today’s business environment an employee’s ability to read, follow, and interpret financial statements is an integral part in ensuring a business is properly positioned to succeed and operate profitably. Understanding what the numbers represent, how business decisions influence those numbers, and what categories comprise the data shown on these statements will enable employees to help drive their companies with cost conscience motives and personal responsibility for their actions. The four basic financial statements are as follows: income statements, retained earnings statements, balance sheets, and statements of cash flow. These reports allow the user to get an in depth analysis of how mindful a business’s employees are with decisions and the direction of how successful or unsuccessful a company will be. An income statement provides insight into the successes and areas of opportunity a business has over a specified period. This report provides a breakdown of the earnings and expenses related to the business’s operations during that period. Any expenses incurred during this period are deducted from the revenues and net gains or losses are totaled. Retained earnings statements are interrelated to an income statement because they cover the same specified period. The information covered in this report provides an explanation of what earnings have been generated...
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...BUS 591(Financial Accounting & Analysis) Complete Course IF You Want To Purchase A+ Work Then Click The Link Below , Instant Download http://hwnerd.com/BUS-591-Financial-Accounting-Analysis-Complete-Course-1423.htm?categoryId=-1 If You Face Any Problem E- Mail Us At Contact.Hwnerd@Gmail.Com Week 1 Homework Problems. Complete the following Workbook Template Week One or you may complete the Problem 1-3B on page 36, 1-4B on page 37 (Chapter 1) and Problem 2-7B on page 90 (Chapter 2) of your text. Submit your work to your instructor by the posted due date. Show all your work in order to earn full credit Week 1 DQ1 Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (G.A.A.P.). Briefly discuss Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or G.A.A.P. What are they? What is their purpose? Name the U.S. and international standard-setting bodies that established these principles. Are all companies required to follow these principles? Why or why not? Your answer should illustrate understanding of generally accepted accounting principles and their international counterpart. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts. Week 1 DQ2 Annual Reports. Visit the website for Tootsie Roll (www.tootsie.com). Click on “Company Information” then “Financial Information”. Open the latest annual report and review it to find the answers to the following questions: § What are Tootsie Roll’s corporate principles? Do you agree with these principles, or do you feel there are additional...
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...BUS 591(Financial Accounting & Analysis) Complete Course IF You Want To Purchase A+ Work Then Click The Link Below , Instant Download http://hwnerd.com/BUS-591-Financial-Accounting-Analysis-Complete-Course-1423.htm?categoryId=-1 If You Face Any Problem E- Mail Us At Contact.Hwnerd@Gmail.Com Week 1 Homework Problems. Complete the following Workbook Template Week One or you may complete the Problem 1-3B on page 36, 1-4B on page 37 (Chapter 1) and Problem 2-7B on page 90 (Chapter 2) of your text. Submit your work to your instructor by the posted due date. Show all your work in order to earn full credit Week 1 DQ1 Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (G.A.A.P.). Briefly discuss Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or G.A.A.P. What are they? What is their purpose? Name the U.S. and international standard-setting bodies that established these principles. Are all companies required to follow these principles? Why or why not? Your answer should illustrate understanding of generally accepted accounting principles and their international counterpart. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts. Week 1 DQ2 Annual Reports. Visit the website for Tootsie Roll (www.tootsie.com). Click on “Company Information” then “Financial Information”. Open the latest annual report and review it to find the answers to the following questions: § What are Tootsie Roll’s corporate principles? Do you agree with these principles, or do you feel there are additional...
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...ACCOUNTING IN CONTEXT POTTER I LIBBY I LIBBY I SHORT ACCOUNTING IN CONTEXT BRADLEY N. POTTER University of Melbourne ROBERT LIBBY Cornell University PATRICIA A. LIBBY Ithaca college DANIEL G. SHORT Texas Christian University Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubuque, IA Madison, WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogotá Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto Copyright © 2009 McGraw Hill Australia Pty Limited Additional owners of copyright are acknowledged in page credits. Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge copyrighted material. The authors and publishers tender their apologies should any infringement have occurred. Reproduction and communication for educational purposes The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10% of the pages of this work, whichever is the greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the institution (or the body that administers it) has sent a Statutory Educational notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) and been granted a licence. For details of statutory educational and other copyright licences contact: Copyright Agency Limited, Level 15, 233 Castlereagh Street, Sydney NSW 2000. Telephone: (02) 9394 7600. Website: www.copyright.com.au Reproduction and communication for other purposes Apart from any fair dealing for the...
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...Paper Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) is a private, not-for-profit organization responsible for setting accounting standard for public companies in the United States. It was created in 1973 as a replacement for the Committee on Accounting (CAP) and the Accounting Principle Board (APB). Financial Accounting Standard Board mission is stated as “to establish and improve standards of financial accounting and reporting that foster financial reporting by nongovernmental entities that provides decision-useful information to investor and other users of financial reports.” The International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) is an independent, privately funded accounting standard-setter based out of England. It replaces the International Accounting Standard Committee and was founded April 1, 2001. International Accounting Standard Board is responsible for development and publication of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS). The International Accounting Standard Board mission is to converged global accounting standard; develop a single set of high quality, understandable, and enforceable global accounting standards; provide high quality transparent and comparable information in financial statement and help the world’s capital market and other financial statement user make sound economic decision. Since more companies are doing business and seeking financing from outside their home countries, investors from other countries are now reading their financial statement. Hence...
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...Professor Rebecca Hann Faculty Coordinator for BUSI 610: Introduction to Financial Accounting Re: Pre-term Course from Harvard Business School Publishing Date: June 3, 2015 BUSI 610, Introduction to Financial Accounting, is one of the Core courses that you will take in Fall 2015. This course is designed to help you become an informed user of financial statements. Given the duration of the term, we will be moving at a fairly rapid pace. The course will begin with a brief overview of the fundamentals of accounting (key accounting concepts, the accounting process, and the principal financial statements) and then move on to study in greater depth the various elements of financial statements. At the end of the course, I expect you will have a good understanding of a company’s financial statements—be familiar with the process of preparing the statements as well as the ability to interpret and analyze financial data for economic decision making. To do well in the course, you need to have a solid understanding of the fundamental elements of accounting; the remainder of the course will otherwise prove to be difficult. To help you better prepare for the course, you are required to take an on-line web-based course from Harvard Business School Publishing titled Financial Accounting: An Introductory Online Course (FA). This requirement is intended to ensure that all students have a common understanding of financial accounting basics. It also allows us to cover more advanced and interesting...
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...is increasing, people with financial responsibilities should be knowledgeable in the two primary accounting methods. The 2 primary accounting methods are GAAP, stands for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and IFRS, which stands for International Financial Reporting Standards. The Financial Accounting Standards Board set the GAAP which is used primarily in the United States and the IFRS is used in many other countries. It has been noted that the United States Security and Exchange Commission is planning to switch to IFRS in 2015. There are many differences between the accounting methods that could result in different reporting. However on the same note, they also have some features in common. When having a good understanding of both methods, this will allow the companies to make better business decisions that are flexible and effective. IFRS 2-1: In what ways does the format of a statement of financial or position under IFRS often differ from a balance sheet presented under GAAP? Accounts are required by the GAAP to be listed by liquidity. Cash would be listed first because it is a current asset whereas a shareholder equity would be last because it is a non-current asset. However, IRFS do not required accounts to be listed in a specific order on the financial statement. Therefore most companies report in reverse order of liquidity. The bottom line is providing a nice clear understanding of the companies’ assets to who use financial statements. IFRS 2-2: Do the IFRS and...
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...Case 1 Understanding Financial Statements By Robert Kimble ACC 501 Dr. Tara Murphy August 29, 2011 In this paper, we are going to take a look at three companies and compare their 2010 income statement in regards to total revenues, operating income and net income. We are also going to review some financial terms and concepts that can affect how the data in their income statement is presented. After looking at some terms and how they are used, we will make some comparisons and reach some conclusions about those same companies. Lastly, we will look at how we compared and contrasted information in the income statement. So let’s get this paper started by taking a look into all three companies and we will start with Apple Incorporated. According to Apple’s company perspective, “Apple ignited the personal computer revolution in the 1970s with the Apple II and reinvented the personal computer in the 1980s with the Macintosh. Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings.” Now let’s look at Swatch, according to Swatch it, “is the world's leading supplier of watch movements and finished watches, accounting for as much as 25 percent of total world production, while capturing more than ten percent of all watch sales. The Swatch Group is more than its flagship Swatch brand--which alone accounts for half of...
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...CASE 1.9 ZZZZ Best Company, \nc. On May 19,1987, a short article in The Wall Street Journal reported that ZZZZ Best Company, Inc., of Reseda, California, had signed a contract for a $13.8 million insurance restoration project. This project was just the most recent of a series of large restoration jobs obtained by ZZZZ Best (pronounced "zee best"). Located in the San Fernando Valley of southern California, ZZZZ Best had begun operations in the fall of 1982 as a small, door-ta-door carpet cleaning operation. Under the direction of Barry Minkow, the extroverted 16-year-old who founded the company and initially operated it out of his parents' garage, ZZZZ Best experienced explosive growth in both revenues and profits during the first several years of its existence. In the three-year period from 1984 to 1987, the company's net income surged from less than $200,000 to more than $5 million on revenues of $50 million. When 72ZZ Best went public in 1986,Minkow and several of his close associates became multimillionaires overnight. By the late spring of 1987,the market value of Minkow's stock in the company exceeded $100 million, while the total market value of 72ZZ Best surpassed $200 million. The youngest chief executive officer in the nation enjoyed the "good life;which included an elegant home in an exclusive suburb of Los Angeles and a fire-engine red Ferrari. Minkow's charm and entrepreneurial genius made him a sought-after commodity on the television talk show circuit and caused...
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...prepare for the Uniform CPA Examination. Weights The percentage range following each area represents the approximate percentage of total test questions associated with the area. The ranges are designed to provide flexibility in building the examination, and the midpoints of the ranges for all areas in each section total 100%. The examination questions will be selected from each area to fall within the percentage allocation range. No percentages are given for groups or topics. The presence of several groups within an area or several topics within a group does not imply equal importance or weight will be given to these groups or topics on an examination. Auditing and Attestation (AUD) The Auditing and Attestation section tests knowledge and understanding of the following professional standards: Auditing standards promulgated in the United States of America (related to audits of an “Issuer” (a public company), a “Nonissuer” (an entity that is not a public company),...
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