...After the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, black soldiers were allowed to enlist in the army. However, black soldiers were not entirely equal to their fellow white counterparts, since they were paid less minimum wage. Gooding then wrote a letter to address this payment issue, in hopes that he and his fellow freed black soldiers may get equal pay. This particular source details a specific “right” given to African American’s after the Emancipation Proclamation was proposed in 1863. While African Americans were given the right to serve the American army they were paid less that the average white soldier. This demonstrates the ongoing prejudice and unequal ideologies towards the African society in America after the Emancipation Proclamation was...
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...It is engraved in our constitution that “all men are created equal.” It is something we learn about at a young age. Yet it only states that men are created equal, not women. Many activists have been fighting for women to have equal rights and many are still fighting. Years ago, women were not allowed to vote, not allowed to hold jobs, and were simply thought of being the ones who stayed at home to be with the children. Now women can vote, have jobs, and do things men can do. With all the advancements towards equality, women seem to be taking a step back, because women are treated unfairly today. The United States Federal Government should re-ratify the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), making sure all the 50 states accept it, because it will insure everyone will be treated equal. In this essay, I will briefly trace the history of women inequality and explain why it is a problem. Next, I will provide evidence as to how women are treated unfairly, and explain what the Equal Rights Amendment is. Lastly, I will explain how re-ratifying the ERA will guarantee equality for all, by eliminating women inequality. It has been over 100 years since the first women’s rights convention was held in 1864 and there have been so many advancements for women rights. The first Women’s Trade Union League was established in 1903, women gain the right to vote in1920, and Equal Rights Amendment was finally introduced in 1923. The ERA was what women in America were fighting for; something that would guarantee...
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...The fight to alleviate pay gap between the male individuals and the female individuals started long after The US gained independence. Later in 1869, the treasury department received a letter that raised concerns over unequal payment. The letter also addressed that all genders should be paid equally for inputting equal efforts at work. Various strikes and unrests by the public workers were witnessed in 1883, raising grievances over unequal payment and demanding equal payments. They were, however, not successful. In 1911, New York teachers were granted equal pay, and in 1918, some jobs were designated for the female to allow the male to join the war. In 1963, an equal pay law was passed overcoming powers from the business people. Although there have been a lot of dialogues and bills passed, pay gap still exist to date not only in The US but across the globe (Blau& Khan, 2000). It has been very hard to eradicate the gender gap between men and women because of the nature of the work both genders perform. It is evident that pay gap between the male and the female is not by gender discrimination. It is based on the ability, skills and hours worked in the workplace. This, therefore, indicates that the pay gap between the two genders is...
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...Matthew Andre ENC1101 Professor Neuman December 8, 2011 The Problem Even Congress Cannot Fix: Inequality in America The big story that has been all over the news in recent times is none other than the massive bear of a problem: inequality in America. This not so white elephant has dominated American news stations, but nonetheless has not been resolved. There is without a doubt financial inequality in America, and the main problems with this financial inequality are the flawed educational system where rich dumb kids have a much better chance to graduate college than a hard working poor kid, and the increasingly large gap between the rich and the poor. The cause for the problem of unequal opportunity in schooling is inherently the quality of instructors and schools across the nation, and the cause for the overwhelming rift between social classes is a flawed tax system which punishes success and benefits the poor. Furthermore, the solutions for these two massive problems would be to reform the American educational system to a performance based system and a reformed tax system that broadens the tax base and encourages success. Certainly, the level of financial inequality is an issue. But, why is it such an issue? One of the major underlying problems with financial inequality is the face that rich dumb kids that maybe be in the bottom twenty-five percent of their school but come from families that are in the top twenty-five percent of the socio-economic spectrum have a significantly...
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...Unequal Outcome of Gender Equality Introduction Gender equality is a sensitive issue that has raised concerns in the society. It is a human right as both genders remains entitled to experience a good living free from any fear. The concept tends to have a deep dwell on the women, who are thought to be less fortunate in society than men. The society has it in mind that empowering women and girls are similar to empowering a whole nation. The empowered section of women is popular since they contribute to an increase in health and productivity of the family and community in respective prospects of the next generation. The concept has been in the application, in the Millennium Development Goal, as an agenda, where the countries did aim at eliminating gender disparities in education before year 2015. The countries also did believe that achievement of this goal would lead to subsequent achievement of the rest of the goals. Contrary to all these concerns, the concept of gender equality has led to unequal issues in the society after extreme concentration on one gender. Some of the methods are in clear illustration in the two articles on the description. Article 1 summary The article is under the Bankrate.com Publishers. It title is Bridging the pay gap between the gender. In this article, the author is concerned of the pay gap that still exists among men and women. The gap is often in many times overlooked, or used as a factor of determining the success in women. Source of data from...
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...about being fair to both women and men, but is also means that they should have the same status in society. It also means that they have equal rights and opportunities on the way to their success and can equally contribute to all spheres of live: political and economic. With the promoting of scientific advancement, Japan seems to fall behind with gender equality. Only about 14 percent of female professionals has been trained in mathematics, science and engineering. According to data obtained, most of female scientists merely underestimate themselves when competing with their male colleagues (sciencemag.org). Unequal pay and unequal respect towards working women dispel the myth about gender equality (shriverreport.org). In general, the level of women’s wage is 2/3 of that of the men. Gender inequality in payment is a direct violation of the principle of equal pay for equal work. Almost in all sectors of the economy women take low-paying positions. During all these year we another pattern can be seen in the labor marker: men are replacing women from perspective and well-paid positions. Traditional stereotypes of mass consciousness significantly restrict career opportunities for women and adversely affect their family relationships once they achieve initial success. Men are more likely to receive vacancy than women. In addition, employer may notify that the competition...
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...Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA) in 1886 written for Chinese laborers in Canada to the Chinese Ambassador to Great Britain. When Chinese laborers were no longer needed in Canada, Canada enacted a new part to the Immigration Act. Chinese immigrants began being required to pay a head tax to live there, in a desperate attempt to not pay this tax, they reached out to the Chinese Ambassador. Pleading to get help from this decimation, this draft letter reveals that after the laborers were used to complete dangerous jobs to create the railway that connects multiple parts of Canada. The Chinese laborers believed they...
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...251 F.3d 1210 (8th Cir. 2001) MARILYN SIMMONS, PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT, v. NEW PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. EIGHT, DEFENDANT-APPELLEE. No. 00-2623 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT Submitted: March 16, 2001 Filed: May 30, 2001 Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of North Dakota.[Copyrighted Material Omitted][Copyrighted Material Omitted] Before Murphy, Lay, and Bye, Circuit Judges. Lay, Circuit Judge 1 Marilyn Simmons worked as an administrator for the New Public School District No. Eight (the District). She brought suit against the District alleging gender discrimination for (1) unequal pay, and (2) the non-renewal of her contract. The district court granted summary judgment to the District based upon res judicata and a lack of evidence supporting her claim. We reverse the district court's judgment and remand the case for further proceedings. I. Background 2 Simmons worked as an administrator for the District from 1991 to 1996. On April 20, 1996, after a lengthy hearing, the District voted not to renew her contract for the next school year. Simmons sued the District in state court alleging various claims, including violations of her North Dakota statutory rights as an educator. The state trial court rejected her claims. On appeal, the North Dakota State Supreme Court reversed. See Simmons v. New Public School Dist. No. Eight, 574 N.W.2d 561 (N.D. 1998). On remand, the parties stipulated to an agreement to settle the claims...
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...Making gender equality a reality The history of the world serves as a testimony that, in the days of yore, men were considered as the bread-winners and women as the nest-builders. As far as women were concerned, they were entrusted the responsibility to transform the brick-made house into a love-made home. The men had only to support the family financially. In fact, the women were stigmatised as homely-made furniture in the eyes of men. Unfortunately, this patriarchal trend still prevails in this so-called revolutionized world, where women are, once again, characterized as inferior. If the world has really undergone a revolution, then why this corrupt attitude towards women has not yet changed? However, the law has as its main motive to preserve and promote human rights, and gender equality is the crux of those rights. Gender equality does not only stand as a process of equal valuing of the roles of women and men, but more precisely, as a practice to overcome the obstacles of prejudices so that both sexes are subject to the economic, social, cultural and political developments of the society. It simply aims at equal perception, equal empowerment and equal responsibility in all spheres of life. One can be surely flabbergasted to acknowledge that achieving gender equality necessitates the presence of men; those men, because of whom, the word gender...
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...Case: Unequal-Equal Supervisors Questions 1. How have the inaccurate performance ratings created more problems? The inaccurate performance rating created an ethical dilemma for Hubert Johnson. Rating both employees the same even though one is more capable can lead him to making the wrong decision when retaining one supervisor for the job. This in turn can cause adverse consequences for the company. For instance, it’s quite clear that Neil will be the appropriate choice to help lead the company reach its goals. But since the company requires the person with most seniority receives priority, Hubert should retain Harriet, not Neil. The company at this point needs efficient leader like Neil to help gain sales back, but due to Hubert’s inaccurate decision regarding performance rating he might have to keep Harriet which might affect the productivity levels of the organization. 2. What HR and legal issues could be raised in this case? The documentation raises questions about the fairness of the evaluation system. As noted in the text, if any part of the appraisal process fails, better-performing employees may not receive larger pay increases, and the result in perceived inequity in compensation. Accurate evaluations can provide justification for actions such as, termination or demotion should they be necessary. Either employee can file a lawsuit against the company. 3. What course of action would you recommend that Hubert take? Explain your rationale for taking this...
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...Dayra Cerda Extra Credit Assignment Comparing Japan with USA The United States and Japan differ in many things, such as power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. Power distance refers to how power is distributed and the extent to which the person who is less powerful accept that power is distributed unequally. The power distance in the United States is a 40 on the scale, compared to Japan with a 54. Japan exhibits a more unequal distribution of wealth compared to the USA. US's wealth is distributed more evenly and decisions are more democratic than in Japan. Individualism people believe in taking care of themselves and immediate family only. The scale of individualism in the US is 91. Americans are comfortable with doing business and interacting with those they do not know well. Japanese scale is at 46 which indicates they are oriented more toward collectivism. Japanese are more concerned with groups, family and areas of interest that pertain to many individuals. A masculine society means they enjoy competition, success and achievement. In the United States, the score for masculinity is at 62, which means they strive to be the best. Many Americans display their...
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...During the colonial and Civil War time period, America was not truly free. Many people suffered from unequal pay, no representation and being treated like animals. Three of these groups are the slaves, Chinese Immigrants and women. All three of these groups were treated unfairly and were not truly free. Slaves were treated as animals, Chinese immigrants were harassed and women had unequal rights and no representation. If America had truly been free and believed that all men are created equal, then all minorities would have the same rights as wealthy, white, landowning Americans. Slaves were never free during the time period. Slaves were owned by white plantation owners and worked long hours with little to no compensation. Whippings occurred during long work hours when slaves would start to lag. To get the slaves, they were auctioned off like animals. One former slave said, “…we were slaves. We belonged to people. They’d sell us like they sell horses and cows and hogs and all like that”. No one can be free when they have no control over their lives. To top it...
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...Final Caption of Ethics Concept: Confront minority discrimination: openly set standards for minorities to have more control over their actions, and their own lives rather than members of a dominant or majority group. Importance: Allowing people to think they are less than they are has to come to a stalling point where they take actions and dominion over their lives. Unequal treatment and have less power, and being overweight must come to an end. Concept: Confront Racial Discrimination in a Melting Pot: A descendant of a Pilgrim is White, for example. But sometimes race is more ambiguous: People who are the children of an African American and Vietnamese American union are biracial or “mixed,” or whatever they come to be seen by others. Our recognition that race is socially constructed has sparked a renewed interest in what it means to be White in the United States. Two aspects of White as a race are useful to consider: the historical creation of Whiteness and how contemporary White people reflect on their racial identity. Importance: It should not matter the color of the parent to determine the future of a child. It is important that we allow children not to be categorized before opportunities reach them. Something should be done to allow all children to grow up rather mixed or anything else for that matter to get and gain the same respect as someone brought into a full white family. Concept: Recognizing Internal Colonialism: is the treatment of subordinate...
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...The Issue of Income Equality in the US By SOC 100: Intro to Sociology April 29, 2012 A major social problem in America today is its inequality of the distribution of income. "Income inequality refers to the gap between the rich and the poor. The United States has the most unequal income distribution in the industrialized world, and it is growing at a faster rate than any other industrialized country" Bernard Sanders (1997). What's really going on with the economy? - Unequal distribution of wealth and income. [ONLINE] Available at: www.usatoday.com. [Last Accessed 04/27/2012]. Society defines this social issue as the disparity between the few at the very top of the income ladder, and the many at the bottom. Recently, the Occupy Movement has defined this problem has fight between the 1% and the 99%. The social classes that are most impacted by this disparity pretty much cover the spectrum as we are all affected. The most latent effects are probably found in the poor, in single-mothers, and in the minority classes. Those are the classes that have the least amount of economic and social power at the onset. A persons clothing, housing and educational opportunities usually depend on their class, but that is a direct reflection of their income. A person does not gain any class or power without their income being taken into consideration. The only problem is, is that there is also class inequality, which further prohibits people to earn an equal...
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...interventions will be shown to aid the healthcare provider in bring down the barriers to efficacious healthcare for Hispanic patients. Three or more concepts from this course will be incorporated into this paper. Awareness of the healthcare disparities is critical to understanding when attempting to take down the barriers to equal healthcare for the vulnerable Hispanic population. The deficiencies are well researched and documented. In 2003, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies issued Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, which reported that minorities are less likely than whites to receive health services, including clinically necessary procedures, even when controlling for insurance status, patient income, and other access-related factors. Cultural bias can affect clinical decision-making. The authors found evidence that stereotyping, biases, and uncertainty on the part of health care providers can contribute to unequal treatment (Smedley, 2003). It is important to understand that the end result of death is not the only factor that should be viewed as disparity. The ongoing cost of living with disease also has critical importance. The Hispanic population has been documented to have less access to healthcare compared to their equal Caucasian population. Hispanics/Latinos...
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