...dormant for over 300 years. Then in 1995, the volcano began to give off warning signs of an eruption (small earthquakes and eruptions of dust and ash). Once Chances Peak had woken up it then remained active for a period of 5 years. The most intense eruptions occurred in 1997. Montserrat is a small island is situated in the Caribbean and 12 miles long and 7 miles wide. It is known as the 'Emerald Island' and is mountainous with plenty of woodland. It has attracted many rich people to the island and was famous for rock stars recording their However much of the population are poor and rely on farming which is for their subsistence. Before the eruption of 1995, over 12,000 people lived on the island but less than 5000 do today The Causes of the Montserrat Eruption Montserrat lies on a compressional plate boundary. The volcano is caused by subduction of the North American/Atlantic plate under the Caribbean plate. As the two plates merge the oceanic plate is forced down or sub ducted under the continental plate. As it is forced down pressure increases which triggers earthquakes and at the same time heat produced by friction melts the descending crust to form molten magma. The hot magma tries to rise to the surface and when it succeeds will form a volcano such as the one in Montserrat. The story of the eruptions - 1995 - 1997 1992 - The first Earthquake 1995 - The volcano erupts after being dormant for 500yrs 1996 - The volcano continued to erupt and became more violent...
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...introduced the” Information Portal for Philippine Earthquake and Volcano” during a seminar-forum on Sept. 15, 2014 at the institute’s auditorium, Quezon City. Led by its Director, Renato U. Solidum, Jr., the heads of the 4 technical divisions gave brief descriptions on the content of the portal.Following a series of joint meetings with partner-agencies Japan International Cooperation Agency-Japan Science and Technology Agency (JICA-JST) and National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), PHIVOLCS has come up with a prototype of the Information Portal for Philippine Earthquake and Volcano which will be available for public viewing in the near future. | Continue reading.. | PHIVOLCS and Province of Albay Commemorate 200-years of 1814 Mayon Volcano Eruption, 26-27 June 2014, Legaspi, Albay | Friday, 18 July 2014 06:53 | Legaspi, Albay. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) in partnership with the Province of Albay commemorated the 200-years anniversary of the 1814 Mayon Volcano Eruption on 26-27 June at the La Piazza Hotel, Legaspi, Albay.Eruptions from Mayon Volcano that people remember date back to 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 2000-2001, 2006 and 2009. What most people are probably not aware of is that, two hundred years ago, on 01 February 1814, Mayon Volcano gave one of its biggest, most destructive eruptions. This event affected the southern slope of the volcano, specifically Camalig, Cagsaua, Budiao and Guinobatan and...
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...violent forces of change. Not only can powerful explosive eruptions drastically alter land and water for tens of kilometres around a volcano, but tiny liquid droplets of sulphuric acid erupted into the stratosphere can change the planet's climate temporarily. Eruptions often force people living near volcanoes to abandon their land and homes. Those living farther away are likely to avoid complete destruction, but their cities and towns, crops, industrial plants, transportation systems, and electrical grids can still be damaged by tephra, ash, lahars, and flooding. Studies of the geologic history of a volcano are generally necessary to make an assessment of the types of hazards posed by the volcano and the frequency at which these types of hazards have occurred in the past. The best way to determine the future behaviour of a volcano is by studying its past behaviour as revealed in the deposits produced by previous eruptions. This is very helpful when trying to predict an eruption for dormant volcanoes as they are most complex volcanoes to foresee an eruption for. Once this information has been collected, geologists can then make forecasts concerning what areas surrounding a volcano would be subject to the various kinds of activity should a future eruption occur. This information is then used, with knowledge about the present aspects of the volcano, to make volcanic hazards maps which can aid other scientists, government, and the public to plan for evacuations, rescue and recovery...
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...Forest and deforestation solid / liquid particles – твердые / жидкие частицы to reside in the atmosphere - находиться в атмосфере afforestation – лесонасаждение The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth is called the atmosphere – газообразная оболочка, окружающая Землю, называется атмосфера. Nitrogen – азот To emit a vapour – выпускать пар Ocean dumping – выбрасывание отходов в океан Illicit dumping – незаконный сброс отходов Topsoil – верхний, пахотный слой почвы Arable land area – пахотные земли To float / raft timber down the river – сплавлять лес по реке Lumber – древесина Chainsaw – бензопила To defoliate – уничтожать растительность To shed / cast off leaves – сбрасывать листья Deciduous trees – лиственные деревья Coniferous trees/ conifers – хвойные деревья Forester – лесник Forestry – лесничество Log – бревно Poacher – браконьер Biodiversity – разнообразие биологических видов Pristine forests – девственные леса Remote areas – отдаленные места Impenetrable forest – непроходимый лес Dense/ thick forest – непроходимый лес Evergreen forest – вечнозеленый лес Rainforest – тропический лес Swamp, bog – болото Trunk, bole – ствол дерева Crown – крона Foliage – листва Stump, stub – пень To exacerbate the problem – обострять проблему Extraction, processing and combustion of materials – добыча, переработка и горение материалов Wholesale cutting of forests – широкомасштабная вырубка лесов To disgorge noxious gases into the atmosphere – выбрасывать...
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...Okinawa, Japan Island. Killing nearly eight and a half thousand people, a tsunami of mass destruction took place. The population decrease to about one third and more than 2,000 houses were demolished (“1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami”). Comparatively, on November 1, 1775 an earthquake in the Kingdom of Portugal occurred. The earthquake caused fires and a tsunami. This tsunami almost completely destroyed Lisbon, in the Kingdom of Portugal. The Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 8.7 on the moment magnitude scale (“1775 Lisbon earthquake”). In 1792, Japan was again caught in a horrendous natural disaster. They faced what is called their most deadly volcanic eruption ever. The Mount Unzen volcano caused this tsunami. It caused a tsunami that killed approximately 15,000 people with waves that reached up to 330 feet (“1792 Unzen...
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...Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science The Geology of Two Small Cenozoic Volcanoes in Southwestern Arizona Author(s): Shelby Cave and Ronald Greeley Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, Vol. 37, No. 2 (2004), pp. 105-110 Published by: Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27641729 . Accessed: 27/11/2011 20:48 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science. http://www.jstor.org TheGeology of Two Small Cenozoic Volcanoes in Southwestern Arizona Shelby Cave andRonald Greeley, Department of Geological PO Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404 Sciences, Arizona State University, Abstract to Early in the late Pliocene shield volcanoes and Gillespie erupted near the Gila River Arlington are located 60 and 70 km west of Phoenix, AZ, respectively. Each shield consists of 3-4 alkali and Pleistocene olivine basalt...
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...Subject Matter A. Topic: Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics B: References: Earth Science: Philippines in Focus, pp. 34-36 C. Materials: Map, Pictures III. Learning Tasks/Procedure A. Motivation/Recall 1. Show the completed jigsaw puzzle in Lesson 21 and guide students to state in their own words what they learned about the Plate Tectonics Theory. 2. Using the map or globe used in the previous activity, have students mark the boundaries of the Philippine plate and locate where the islands of the Philippines are. B. Activity Proper 1. Let them do Activity 22.1 in small groups. 2. Let them brainstorm the answers to the questions. a. Class Discussion 1. Have the students present their maps. Follow this up with a discussion of their answers to the Questions. The students should be able to see that earthquake occurrences are more frequent along convergent than on divergent boundaries. They should realize that plate boundaries were determined though the frequencies of the occurrence of earthquakes. 2. Guide students to trace the circum-Pacific Ring of Fire and locate the Philippines in relation to it. Emphasize that the Philippines is in a tectonically active region, it being along the boundary of a small plate, the Philippines plate and along the circum-Pacific Ring of Fire, where the Pacific Plate meets many surrounding plates. The Ring of Fire is the most seismically and volcanically...
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...Pierce County, WA Community Assessment Western Governors University Pierce County, WA Community Assessment Community Description and Data Interpretation Pierce County is situated in the central west of Washington State. The county is divided by Puget Sound, with the majority of the land to the east of the major waterway. There are several small islands included in the county that are located near the southern edge of the Sound. At the county’s eastern border, the beginnings of foothills lead to the actively volcanic Mount Rainier’s summit. Many parts of the county today are built upon the deposits of lahar from past eruptions. The geography of Pierce county ranges from a rocky shore to a lush, national forest with many lakes, rivers, and creeks in between. Overall, the county has 1794 square miles of land and 118 square miles of water, not including Puget Sound (Pierce County Department Of Emergency Management, 2010). Pierce County became well known in the late nineteen hundreds when the city of Tacoma became the western terminus of the Northern Pacific Railroad – the first transcontinental railroad in the north. The introduction of this railroad led to an increase in shipping and manufacturing in the area. At the time, lumber, shipping, farming, and coal mining powered Pierce’s economy. With the exception of mining, all these industries are still present today, though industrialization has made them less prominent than in the past (Pierce County Department...
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..."No man is an Island, intire of it selfe; every man is a piece of the Continent, a part of the maine; if a Clod bee washed away by the Sea, Europe is the lesse, as well as if a Promontorie were, as well as if a Mannor of thy friends or of thine owne were; any man’s death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee." (Donne, J., 1924/1987) I find it ironic that this poem is written in 1924 by a poet who has recently recovered an illness that nearly takes his life, and is again used in the book by Ernest Hemmingway For whom the bell tolls, in which the main Character is a professor at a University who is also an explosions expert on a mission to blow up a bridge. Yet knowing he will not survive his mission uses this poem as a reference to what he is sure will be his own death. However, as I think of this person being a professor would it be an irony that instead of being death it may talk about life as a teacher? For whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee, not to remind us of death but to remind us of our service to Mankinde. Does that bell toll for our students to get to class or does that bell toll to remind us of the commitment we made when we decided to be teachers of those students. Now that I have your attention the following information has been asked of me to be considered as I explain my plan for vocabulary instruction. Considering the fact that Karen Bromley tells...
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...* Provide a summary of the five functional performance measures of an operational assessment. 1. Functional perspectives - Examines operational quality through 5 different perspectives Cost, Customer service,Quality,Productivity,and Asset management.Of these 5 cost is considered the best indicator of logistics performance. 2. Measuring customer accommodation - This is measured using three different metrics , Perfect order which measures overall effectiveness of logistics performance with a ratio of perfect orders compared to total number of orders in the same time period.Absolute performance looks at how a firm’s performance impacts individual customers. Finally customer satisfaction require customer monitoring and feedback to measure. 3. Determining appropriate metrics- Appropriate metrics are chosen by analysing,the market focus ,competitive basis and finally the measurement frequency 4. Supply chain comprehensive metrics- These metrics include Cash-to-cash conversion time, Inventory days of supply,Dwell time,On-shelf in-stock percentage,Total supply chain cost, and Supply chain response time 5. Benchmarking- Educates managers on what are the newest best business practices. Main goal is to find what company to benchmark against be it internal which is easier or external where practices are benchmarked against those of a firm in what could be an unrelated business. * Provide a summary of the four dimension of sustainability as they relate...
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...Shake and Erupt: A critical reflection on teaching earthquakes and volcanoes to KS3 Rationale: Perhaps the most dynamic features of the Earth’s awesome power and nature are when Volcanoes and Earthquakes occur. Their workings are at the very core of our planet’s history and their unpredictable activity continues to shake mankind’s understanding of the planet. This topic or scheme of work for my mixed ability year nine class offers a plethora of attributes that both incorporates sound core Geographic knowledge and divers teaching formats that can present a degree of awe and wonder into the minds of young people. Planning and teaching such a topic at a time when the Geography National Curriculum is being reviewed by the new coalition Government, seems to provide somewhat of a blank canvass as to what pedagogical approaches might be the most appropriate to adopt. Whatever the NC will look like, we are led to believe that there will be a re-focus on the ‘core’ knowledge in subjects like Geography. This is not to say a return to didactic teaching where teachers are merely transmitters of information, or indeed to adopt a textbook pedagogy which is reminiscent of the late 1970s and 1980s. The Geography Curriculum Consultation Full Report makes it clear “That a line-by-line, detailed list of geography’s contents is not the best way to draw a positive response from teachers . . . though there is strong support for the national curriculum achieving greater clarity over the core...
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...Discuss the risk management of natural hazards using a range of examples to support your answer. Natural hazard processes are an essential part of how Earth functions. These processes have been shaping the planet Earth for millions of years. In modern times risk management plans are a necessity because of the wide variety of natural disasters occurring all over the world. It is thought that because of the frequency and increase in severity of hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tornadoes that the United States alone experiences an average loss of one billion dollars every week. (C. McMillan, 1998) Therefore it is obvious why a procedure of disaster preparedness, mitigation, management, and prevention is highly important as a method of dealing with such events. Risk management involves addressing any phenomena that could potentially cause havoc in a community. (C. McMillan, 1998) It is significantly different from traditional preparedness and response activities. A traditional approach attempts to address existing problems, while hazard risk management “focuses more on anticipating problems by ensuring that growth and development address the likelihood of hazards and their interaction with environmental systems.” Whereas traditional preparedness and response mechanisms often focus on individual hazard events, risk management views hazard exposure as an ongoing process and aims at reducing the vulnerability of the society and the economy to natural disasters. Such...
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...Before I could start an outline I had to take the R.I.A.S.E.C interest assessment to see what career would be perfect for me based on my skills that I have. i am well-skilled in investagating problems and analyze them to slove these problems; it's often good for students who are good in math and science. I am even good with influencing and persuading others, such as an idea in science. A skill that I didn't realized that I had is being organized when being well-detailed and like to work with data. This skill includes being able to follow directions, and also like working in creative situations, meaning to work in groups that brings in good ideas to the grouop, such as a peer group for a science debate. Once I figuired out what these skills met that I scored high on the assessement; I realized a science career would be right for me. I then thought since I loved collecting rocks, and studying the earth when I was young. I decided Geoscience would be a perfect career for me. Geoscience is a career that I am interested in, but it has a con that I would have to bare in order to be a. geologist. The con for this career is traveling a lot, because in this career I have to do field work. Since I want to be a volcanologist I would have to travel to places that had conditions of a volcano. It can be dangerious doing this type of work that is the other con for being a geologist. In order for me to bare these two cons I would have to get used being in the line of danger when being a geologist...
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...differences among species. Learners have also found out that biodiversity is the collective variety of species living in an ecosystem, and by studying the ecosystem; they have come across the various cycling of materials and energy transformation. DRAFT April 29, 2014 All modules in Grade 9 Unit 1-Living Things and Their Environment present student-centered activities that will allow the learners to discover and develop concepts that they may consider useful to their everyday life. At the end of each lesson, key concepts are provided for the students to grasp ideas and information that they will remember even after they have left school. Instructional activities are designed to build up the students’ knowledge, understanding, skills, and ability to transfer learning. The modules generally use authentic assessment for the students to perform real-world tasks demonstrating meaningful application of essential knowledge and skills. There are four modules in this quarter, namely: Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working Together with the other Organ Systems Module 2: Heredity: Inheritance and Variation Module 3: Biodiversity and...
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...Fallon Barker MGT / 350 December 22, 2012 Decisions in Paradise Part 1 Karen Allen Development of business processes in new locations can often be time consuming; this is due to the need for defining and identifying any short term or long term issues that may arise in the course of starting up the business and keeping it running. A thorough evaluation of the local economy, location, population, cultures, language, and threat assessments is paramount to ensuring that a business is successful, while bringing a welcome addition to the local economy and culture. Kava is located in the South Pacific; this location is excellent for agriculture and tourism. The issues any businesses expecting to develop and become successful have to identify on Kava are natural disasters, such as tsunami, floods, typhoons, and volcano eruptions. Others are terrorism and health issues such as HIV and avian flu. These issues are all factors when developing mission goals, human resources, building permanent structures and developing a business plan for the new operation. Along with natural and man-made disasters the understanding of local customs and cultures and positive interaction with the government are also of importance. Any decisions made entails taking into account all of the above issues. Natural disasters affect the importing and exporting of goods that a business manufactures or buys to build or make their products. These disasters also affect timelines due to work stoppage, the...
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