...As most of society today knows Hitler used propaganda to capture his followers and supporters. Hitler was such an imposing persuasive person, that he assembled many citizens to believe the circumstances he did in which was that the Aryan race was destined to rule the world by using propaganda. In The Book Thief which is taken place in the fictional city, Mulching Germany, Hitler also compelled families to join “The Youth” using advertisment. Hitler was utterly becoming “more and more influential in German politics” because of how our world was then (“Propaganda In Nazi Germany” 2). During World War II, there was much propaganda involved with the reasoning that Hitler’s intentions were to over power the Jews. For example; in “The Book Thief”...
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...is used to describe forbidden books or other information to which access is restricted or deprecated for political or religious reasons. Forbidden knowledge is commonly not secret, rather a society or various institutions will use repressive mechanisms to either completely prevent the publication of information they find objectionable or dangerous (censorship), or failing that, to try to reduce the public's trust in such information (propaganda). Public repression can create paradoxical situation where the proscribed information is generally common knowledge but publicly citing it is disallowed. A rich set of examples exist through history. Well known to Western readers are forbidden books as defined by the Roman Catholic church in the last few centuries. Through the years of isolation in Japan and China all Western literature was forbidden. Recent (20th century) repressive regimes (e.g. communism in Eastern Europe and China) placed strong restrictions on so called "foreign propaganda". In many cases this resulted in people defending themselves by creating political jokes. Jokes through history have been a powerful instrument to undermine state authority and the public truth associated with it. Today's (2005) examples in repressive regimes are still uncountable but even liberal societies sometimes impose limits to the freedom of the individual to spread information that is not politically correct. For example, Germany bans the publication of certain books associated with the...
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...political decisions. In other words a way of representing peoples world views often from liberal to conservative. A political spectrum is an arch that has a left and a right wing on the lower left wing it starts with radical, then to liberal, to moderate to, conservative and lastly reactionary. These stances are different views of political decisions. A radical stance favors a lot of change yo an altered or entirely new social system. Liberals believe that the government must take action to change economic, political, and ideological policies thought to be unfair. Next is Moderate, moderates hold a belief that falls between liberal and conservative views including somewhat similar views from both conservative and liberal. The Conservative stance wants to keep in place. The economic, political, and social structures of society, so no change in society. Lastly on the spectrum is reactionary. The reactionary part if this spectrum seeks extreme change to resort society to an earlier, more conservative state. Overall where I fall on the political spectrum is more moderate then Liberal or Conservative. Examples of my decisions are biased off of current events that are currently being discussed in the United-states like the issue of legalization of marijuana, budget cuts in school funds and drinking ages at 18 or 21. My views of each currently are moderate. First is the issue of legalizing the use of marijuana, Marijuana has been used for thousands of years, both for smoking and for...
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...American Propaganda and the Suppression of Dissent in World War I “May we never confuse honest dissent with disloyal subversion. “ – Dwight D. Eisenhower On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated. That event marked the first phase of World War I (Grayzel 10). Soon afterward nations throughout Europe announced declarations of war. By the end of October countries as far away as Japan, China and Brazil had become involved (Grayzel 11). Susan R. Grayzel in the “Introduction: The First World War and the Making of a Modern, Global Conflict” from The First World War: A Brief History with Documents”, explores a variety of contributing reasons for the Great War (Grayzel 9). The causes most often cited included the rise of nationalism, increased militarism, imperialism, and a willingness among the population to allow their governments to persecute a war (Grayzel 9-10). Ironically, it was a complicated series of competitive alliances and international peace agreements that caused such a rapid global escalation of hostilities (Grayzel 5). With its vast immigrant population, and their own ties to European and Asian interests, America was not immune to finding itself dragged into the war. Hence, during the first years of the war, President Woodrow Wilson struggled to maintain neutrality. So much so that he issued a declaration of neutrality to Congress on August 14, 1914. In his speech he entreated Americans to remember, “Every...
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...The South African Press played a fundamental role in keeping society informed. It defended and protected the freedom of expression in South Africa during the Apartheid years by providing news in which there were, “possibilities of escaping censorship and suppression of free speech” (Grotan & Svedsen, 2001: 1). Articles that liberal and Independent English speaking Press journalists wrote during these times were censored or blacked out if they did not follow or defied or even threatened the government’s policies and existence (Fourie, 2002). Regardless of the South African government's persistent claims that the media in South Africa was free, the independent media in South Africa was still prohibited by law not to report any issues of violence and hostility against black people especially the state of Emergency that happened during that time in the country. This state of affairs led to a development and growth of progressive publications known as the alternative press which were the organisations that helped in reaction to the blanket on information. Even though government suppressed media reporting, citizens were kept informed by these alternative presses regardless of the state of emergency. This essay will look at the portrayal of the liberal, independent English-speaking Press as pioneering noble entities in the battle against apartheid and its exploitations. It will further discuss issues that could obscure this outlook and also look at what the possibilities of the...
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...abortion. Diehl was installed as ‘cultural advisor’ in the Nazi Party, but by 1936 had lost any appreciable political influence or organizational role. The Document in its Historical Context The title of the document undergoing analysis is, “A New Type of Woman”, and “Principles of the National Socialist Women’s Organizations” (the document), both from the book ‘Die deutsche Frau und der National Sozialismus (The German Woman and National Socialism), and published in 1932. “A New Type of Woman”, as written by Guida Diehl, outlines what characteristics a German woman should possess, and what type of woman she should aspire to become. “Principles of the National Socialist Women’s Organization” echoes Hitler’s ideas about a nationalistic society consisting of a purely Aryan race, focusing on women’s role in abiding by these rules. The National Socialist Women’s League was established in 1931, but was not fully active until Hitler seized power in 1933. Its main purpose was to bring other women’s organizations in line with...
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...THE LIBERAL REVOLUTION -UNDER THE IDEA OF ENLIGHTENMENT "Dare to know! Have courage to use your own reason!"-Kant Contents ENLIGHTENMENT AS AN IDEA: 3 FRENCH SOCIETY: 3 THE LIBERAL REVOLUTION: 3 CRITICISM ON THE IDEA OF LIBERALISM: 4 CONCLUSION 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY 6 ENLIGHTENMENT AS AN IDEA: “Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed nonage… Sapere Aude! Dare to Know! Have the courage to use your own understanding is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment.” Immanuel Kant (Columbia.edu) The eighteenth century Enlightenment proved to be a movement of the intellectuals who dared to prove all the aspects in life scientifically. These individuals were greatly affected by the scientific revolution. They were, in addition, advocating the appliance of the scientific methodology to the understanding of life. Throughout the age of enlightenment, science became popular and there were many philosophers like John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith, Montesquieu, etc who applied the natural laws to the social life. These people and their writings had a huge impact on the French Revolution. FRENCH SOCIETY: Prior to the revolution, the French society was buried under the burden of taxes-levied by the State, rents paid to the lord, contributions collected by the clergy, as well as under the forced labor exacted by all three. People were reduced to foraging for food because of the recurring famines. The famines were caused by both manmade...
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...selling an agenda of ever increasing recklessness and corruption as a designer substitute intended for classical American ordered liberty. His chapter on the three step process (desensitize, jam, and convert) devised by sodomites to sell their spectacular species of wickedness to main street America is worth the whole price of the book. Chapters detailing the rotting corruption of the liberal education establishment, showing the manifest moral bankruptcy of modern feminism, and exposing the blood thirsty, predatory nature of the pro-abortion movement give a chilling glimpse into the cynical techniques used by the left to manipulate people into waging war against their own enlightened self interests. There is a chapter written on "Media Matrix" which is nothing short of brilliant. Kuplelian pulls back the curtain and exposes the wizards pulling the levers of fraud and deceit that has masqueraded as news for the last 40+ years. The author addresses each topic head-on without sarcasm, exaggeration or sensationalism. He is also very consistent to his theme, i.e., how the radical elements within our society have successfully, and with intent, marketed their particular view to the rest of us. Author’s Key Points A well-known Bible verse...
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... The article chosen for critique is titled Racial Inequality after Racism: How Institutions Hold Back African Americans published March 2015, this article suggests "institutional racism" is a primary contributor to racial inequality in America today. Coined by Stokely Carmichael, a leader in the Black Power movement of the 1960's, the term institutional racism is used to define discrimination that "originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than individual racism". The article sites recent social unrest in the African American community regarding the use of deadly force by police officers as a stark reminder that racial inequality is an ongoing social problem. As policymakers are divided on the issue of racial inequality, both sides continue to focus primarily on the individual rather the institutional implications. The conservative majority believe the US has become a colorblind society, therefore attributing the existence of racial disparities to the personal failures of minority...
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...One such mentality is the harsh anti-Western and anti-American sentiment. After the hostage crisis, the cultural climate found was one of unforgiving imposition of authority over all aspects of Iranian society and culture as a “war against Western culture” began, a public one. Cinemas were both closed and burned by clerics, Iranian films and foreign films banned, and pop music, again both Iranian and Western, were “forbidden”, seen as popularising and emulating Western culture. It can be seen as the direct result of the hostage crisis, a crisis that was characterised as fiercely anti-Western. This was lent to the regime, that too had an anti-Western foundation, and was further highlighted by the push to make all aspects of society more Islamic, from communication, such as Iranian radio and television that was now only allowed to broadcast religious and official programmes, to education, where religion became a fundamental part of curriculum. The Shah Mosque was renamed the Imam Mosque, indicating the change from autocratic and monarchical rule to a clerical regime. Newspapers, movies, books were rewritten to destroy favourable depictions of the monarchy, all as part of censorship dictated by Khomeini. It...
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...4.10.12 The American Dream: Dead, Alive, or on hold 1. The writer’s central argument is that the American dream is not dead or on hold like many Americans think, but that the values and ideals of the American dream are still alive in today’s society. The writer point of view is that external factors such as the economy, has made people believe the American dream is unobtainable. According to the writer, that sentiment is not true because there are still opportunities in American to achieve the dream. 2. The writer uses many examples to prove her point. In his first example, the writer uses historical data pertaining to when the American dream slogan was created. The next example was a New York Times poll who’s goal was to see how many Americans felt it possible to start poor, work hard, and become successful. His last stat was on how many Americans were renting homes instead of purchasing them. The writer uses quotes from authors about his subject. He quotes Robert Reich’s “the year Wall Street bounced back” and Paul Krugman’s” The conscience of a liberal” The writer also inserted New York Times columnist Bob Herbert and D. Chapman into his paper. There were few comparisons and he used logical explanations to blend his argument and the evidence. 3. I think the writer is convincing because of the evidence he presented and his analysis of the argument. The writer always presented a point in each paragraph and thoroughly explained it. When the writer argued his...
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...and Italy Fascism Introduction Fascism defined, implies an organization or acceptable rule of administration characterized by a government system led by a dictator who exercises harsh and strict control over the citizens, and the commons are mandated to comply with the government rule without resistance. Most authoritarian regimes rely on nationality or race to garner influence and support for a centralized autocratic government. The main aim of a fascist government is to enhance national unity and maintain a stable order in the society by exercising the element of fear among the citizens. Totalitarianism was able to exercise influence, by garnering devotion from regime loyalist. Its prominent execution was purported to collectively influence the success of a country. Supporters of the regime were rewarded by significant posts and incentives while non-loyalists were expected to remain silent without questioning the administrations motives. Use of violence was supported by the administration system to neutralize any emergent form of oppression. Fascism was a prominent governing system that was established during the early twentieth century, based on the need to respond to western influence and assert dictatorial states as new world leaders. The common character present in both ideologies is the nation or state was put before the rest. If a state was conceived by fascist regimes then the nation would speaks would be organized, structured and from its unity arise above the...
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...studied at schools of journalism, university departments (including Media studies, Cultural studies and Peace studies) and by independent watchdog groups from various parts of the political spectrum. In the United States, many of these studies focus on issues of a conservative/liberal balance in the media. Other focuses include international differences in reporting, as well as bias in reporting of particular issues such as economic class or environmental interests. One high profile academic survey of American journalists is The Media Elite. The survey found that most journalists were liberal Democratic voters.[citation needed] Martin Harrison's TV News: Whose Bias? (1985) criticized the methodology of the Glasgow Media Group, arguing that the GMG identified bias selectively, via their own preconceptions about what phrases qualify as biased descriptions. For example, the GMG sees the word "idle" to describe striking workers as pejorative, despite the word being used by strikers themselves.[4] Herman and Chomsky (1988) proposed a propaganda model hypothesizing systematic biases of U.S. media from structural economic causes. They hypothesize media ownership by corporations, funding from advertising, the use of official sources, efforts to discredit independent media ("flak"), and "anti-communist" ideology as the filters that bias news in favor of U.S. corporate interests. Many of the positions in the preceding study are supported by a 2002 study by Jim A. Kuypers: Press Bias and...
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...CMNS 445- CHINA Marta Gallegos: marta.gallegos90@gmail.com 778 875 8564 Contents WEEK 1- Introduction 2 Themes in the Course 2 Week 2- Theoretical Approaches to Media, Culture and Chinese Society 3 Outline of Class 3 State and Market Framework 4 Negotiable State market Framework 4 Political Economy Approach 5 Presentation 5 WEEK 3- Media Systems and the Party State (Mao-Reform Era) 6 Anti-capitalistic and anti-imperialistic revolution (1921-1949) 6 Legitimacy 7 Maoist Socialist Practice (1949-1976) 7 Deng (1978-1992) 8 Jiang Zemin’s era- 1992-2002 10 Market Economy and Scientific Outlook on Development (2002-2012) 11 The 5th Generation 2012-2022 11 WEEK 4 11 The Shifting Role of the media: Between the party line and the bottom line 11 Focus on the Bottom line 12 State Control 12 “Popular Culture” in the context of China in post-Mao market reform era 13 The Chinese state (The Party-state) 14 The media-government/state relationship 14 The Media System and Media-State Relationship 15 Maoism/Mao Zedong Thoughts 16 Week 4- Commercial Media and Reconfigured Power Relations 16 The Party/State Structures 16 Different Party Committees 17 Ministries (under the state council) 17 Media System: 18 Central Media Outlets 18 Provincial Media Outlets 18 Universal Values: Two views 18 Week 5- Popular Culture and Cultural Industry 19 Mass Media and Popular Culture in Mao Era 19 Popular Culture 20 Popular Culture in the Mao...
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...Virginia, where he stated that he had a list of over 220 confirmed communists living in the US. The numbers of this statement dropped over the years as people began to watch him more closely. However this didn’t stop him from rising to more power, after the Republicans regained a majority in the senate, McCarthy took control of a subcommittee, and performed investigations on government agencies. Other Cold War “activists” consisted of Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey, union leader Walter Reuther, men who spoke out against McCarthy's tactics, but still agreed with a lot of his core beliefs. While this led to a divergence of tactics between activists, it still led to a growth in Anti-Communist sentiments through “Public Education” films and propaganda to increase the fear in the people of the new red menace. Anti-Communism continued into the 1960s, but after 1954 it lost a large...
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