...Running head: IMMUNIZATION:RISKS VS BENEFITS Immunization: Risks vs Benefits Gail D. Adams G124/ENC1101 Section 07 Abstract As the world population continues to grow, the issue of whether or not to immunize our children is one that needs to be investigated, and resolved. This paper will inform the reader of both the risks, and the benefits associated with immunization, as well as, dispel the rumors and misinformation surrounding the vaccines used. Immunization: Risks vs Benefits In the world we live in today, the incidence of serious or deadly disease still remains, and just because the U.S. has not had a pandemic recently, the possibilities of a disease of epic proportions is basically only a plane ride away. It is very important to be educated and informed about immunization, the risks versus benefits, so that we can be wise and immunize. Immunization Benefits Immunization against deadly diseases has been a hot topic for many years, and the public needs to be informed on both the benefits and risks that are associated with the vaccines, so that all people can make a well informed decision on whether or not to vaccinate. There seems to be many misconceptions about the vaccines, but the cold, hard, truth is that immunization prevents illness, disability, and death from vaccine preventable diseases such as: polio, diphtheria, pneumonia, rubella, tetanus, pertussis, measles, and rotavirus diarrhea. About 22.4 million infants did not receive the diphtheria...
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...Lymphatic/Immune System Unit Performance Assessment Your written work should contain 3 sections: 1. 2. 3. An explanation of the relationship between lymphatic structures and the immune system (~1 paragraph) a. Student work includes a detailed description of all of the structures of the lymphatic system (including lymph nodes and vessels, spleen, thymus, tonsils, Peyer's patches, and appendix), the location of each, and how that location supports the functions of immunity required by the body An explanation about how the immune system works and how a vaccine effects that system (~3-4 paragraphs) a. Student work includes a description of the "three levels" of immune system, including innate and adaptive defenses, humoral vs, cell-mediated responses, and active vs passive immunity; and describes how vaccines work in the body using a specific vaccine as an example A reaction (either in support or in disagreement) to the message of your chosen political cartoon (please include an image of the cartoon) along with supporting data/statistics from reliable and cited sources (~3-4 paragraphs) a. Student correctly explains the "sides" of the issue being reflected in the political cartoon of their choosing, and explains whether they agree or disagree with the overall message of the cartoon. Several specific data or statistics are researched by the student and used to support their argument either for or against the cartoon. 1. An explanation of the relationship...
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...Student’s name Teacher’s name Course name Date The impact of immunization on the development of autism In recent years, a worldwide concern over immunization and its schedule has increased dramatically. The vaccine-autism hypothesis belongs to the most extensively debated theories related to the origins of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Critics of dangerous ingredients contained in vaccines designate that such preservatives may contribute to, or cause, a range of cognitive disorders in children. When administered at early age, immunization may seriously affect neurological and not completely developed immune systems. In contrast, both biological and epidemiological studies tend to contradict the vaccine-autism theory. Given this fact, it is of vital importance to thoroughly examine both sides of the coin and come to a reasonable conclusion. PECULIARITIES OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER Autism, or, more broadly, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), includes a number of complex cognitive and communicational disorders. According to Richard Lathe, the molecular biologist, autism is difficult to define (20). However, there exists a range of distinctive peculiarities, by which one can recognize ASD. Repetitive patterns of behavior, a withdrawal from social relatedness and interaction, and specific movement patterns characterize autism. The symptoms occur from early childhood, usually at age of 2-3 years, and affect daily functioning (Lathe 32). The diagnosis of ASD incorporates the evaluation...
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...Dear Barbara Boxer, There have been bills (Bill 277) passed that parents need to vaccinate their children in order for them to be able to attend public schools. These types of laws have been passed before but this particular bill closes California’s vaccine exemption loophole. There are many that argue that vaccines contain mercury or that mercury can cause autism, these claims are said to not have any convincing evidence of harm caused by the low doses of thimerosal (mercury) in vaccines. But there are other harmful ingredients in vaccines such as mercury, aluminum, formaldehyde, human/animal serum albumin, sorbitol, gelatin, sodium chloride, egg protein, phenoxyethanol, aluminum phosphate, MSG, etc. These ingredients can cause disorders, brain damage, they poses risks of infection from synthetic growth hormones, BSE infectivity, low blood pressure, arthritis and lumps, shortness of breath, chest pain, skin reactions, they can be highly toxic for; nervous systems, kidneys, and the liver, etc. In an article I read it states myths and facts of how vaccines don’t cause autism but the article doesn’t state the other harmful side effects/ ingredients that vaccines contain. In this particular article “Vaccines & Senate Bill 227: Fact vs. Myth” it states that this bill being passed will not force parents to vaccinate their children, but where does that leave a taxpaying parent to take their children if they are not allowed to take their children to attend school. It forces parents into...
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...This evidence sits on the second level of the Joanna Briggs levels of evidence as Cohort Study because of its structure focusing around conducting a research design to accumulate evidence as to the influencing factors of vaccinating for measles, mumps and rubella. The journal article also obtains factual evidence and history which makes this evidence the second strongest also being the second most recent up to date evidence finding. 3. Mrozek-Budzyn, D., Kiełtyka, A., Majewska, R., & Augustyniak, M. (2013). Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination has no effect on cognitive development in children – The results of the Polish prospective cohort study. Vaccine, 31(22), 2551-2557. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.057 Evidence three, Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination has no effect on cognitive development in chrilren is a Journal Article from the ProQuest Health & Medicine Collection database which sits under the Cohort studies level three of the Joanna Briggs levels of evidence. This article is informative via proven facts through studies and is recent and reliable which proves this article of evidence to be the third strongest finding and appropriate in providing evidence to answer the clinical...
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...Vaccinate Vaccines were brought to the United States by Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse in 1800. (The College of Physicians of Philadelphia) Dr. Waterhouse pushed for public vaccinations to eradicate the small pox epidemic through community immunity. “Community immunity” or “herd immunity” is where a significant percentage of the population is immune to a disease, either through vaccination or prior illness, so the spread of the disease is unlikely. ( National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases). Since 1800, many vaccines have been developed including the polio vaccine by Dr. Salk in 1954. With massive polio vaccinations since 1954, eradication of the disease was declared in 1994 in the Americas. However nowadays there are many groups that believe vaccines are doing more harm than good. A recent perceived rise in autism rates and the push for more vaccines during infancy has caused some parents and researchers to believe there is a relationship between the vaccines and autism. Out of concern for safety of their children, some parents are choosing not to vaccinate or alter the government recommended vaccination schedule. Many doctors agree with government schedules for vaccinations and relate them to the elimination and reduction of diseases such as polio, measles, mumps, pertussis and more. This essay will explore the positions of parents, researchers and physicians regarding vaccines against disease. Most parents evaluate the risks and benefits of vaccines based on...
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...exactly did the vaccine concept form and originated? As I summarize a brief history of vaccinations from an article written by author Zielinski which begins emphasizing on how it was two long millennia ago when it was recognized by China or India. Then realized people who are infected and suffered from disease expected nothing but death but instead recover. Along with that logic, It wasn't too long until science took notice the only method is to infect oneself with a limited amount of the infectious disease and let's just say hoping the body can become immune to it. As the year's progress, it wasn't until an English physician of the name Edward Jenner who discovers a vaccine based from a particular infection called...
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...Vaccination vs. Non Vaccination For the safety of your children: April 10, 2012 Shots? Those dreadful words that you once heard and had as a child that would send you into hysterics. Vaccines were something none of us enjoyed while growing up, but if you think about it, who actually enjoys getting a shot. We may have not known the meaning behind these vaccines, but our parents did and they were protecting us from harmful diseases. Diseases that could end up fatal. Something we never had to think about until we became or become parents ourselves. What? You’re going to be parents? Congratulations, that is wonderful! Now you have all these decisions to make, including healthcare. Finally the wonderful day arrives and you may now understand the things that your parents worried about as you were growing up that you never understood. So, now with your newborn you head off to the pediatricians office for his or hers first wellness visit to make sure your baby is healthy. As the doctor starts to speak with you about vaccines for your child, you have all these questions going through your mind. You question side effects, vaccine schedules, and most importantly the rumors of mercury in vaccines. There are four types of vaccines for immunizations. Live attenuated, which includes measles, mumps, rubella (MMR combined), Varicella (Chickenpox), Influenza (nasal spray), and Rotavirus. The inactivated killed vaccines include Polio (IPV), and Hepatitis A. The Toxoid, which is an...
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...A Manager’s Handbook: “All people, regardless of race, religion or culture, harmoniously living and working together into the future” Contents Introduction to Law and Business Ethics and Social Responsibility 3 Legal Dispute Resolution Process and Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms 4 Business and the Constitution and Administrative Law 5 Business Crimes, Business Torts, and Product Liability 6 Contracts 7 Business Structure and Securities Regulation 8 Business Property and Antitrust Law 9 Employment Law 10 Introduction to Law and Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Include in this section information from Assignment 1.2. BP Oil, crisis in the Gulf The careless and unethical approach that BP Oil practices when drilling for oil, led to one of the largest man-made disaster in history. The Gulf of Mexico has had devastating results due to BP’s lack of action in regards to emergency protocol. Though the spill has since been capped and controlled, the aftermath isn’t going anywhere soon, with new problems emerging daily from the spill itself and from cleanup efforts as well. The extent of damage is numerous, and will cost BP millions of not billions in awards from the many law suits that stand, as well as ones pending. BP will never be able to fully restore or recover what once was. 27,000 workers are presently involved with cleanup efforts; Scientists from all fields are giving advice as well. A major cause for concern for...
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...Autism Jennifer Van Puymbrouck ENGL 112, Composition DeVry University Autism, what is autism? Autism “is a complex neurobehavioral disorder that includes impairments in social interaction and developmental language and communication skills combined with rigid, repetitive behaviors” (WebMD). Autism spectrum disorder or ASD for short; is how the doctors are recognizing any child or adult that falls within the Autism category. Clearly we have a growing problem with ASD, it is estimated that “1 out of every 88 children” will be given a diagnosis of autism (Jaslow, 2014). Why instead of decreasing, are autism cases rising? Some say it due to the ways that doctors are able to diagnose autism, but I think there is a different cause. There is one thing that most children have in common and that is the immunizations that are given to most children from birth. Doctors have found that ASD affect boys more that girls and they are “almost five times more likely” to be diagnosed with some form of ASD then girls (Jaslow, 2014). There is enough evidence at present to say that the rise in autism cases can be linked to immunizations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism can be defined by “a group of complex disorders of the brain development” and “has roots in very early brain development” (Autism Speaks, 2015). Children typically show some signs of autism between 2 to 3 years old. Some of the most common characteristics that most ASD patients display would include: difficulties...
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...Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 BRAIN POWER Myth #1 Most People Use Only 10% of Their Brain Power Myth #2 Some People Are Left-Brained, Others Are Right-Brained Myth #3 Extrasensory Perception (ESP) Is a Well-Established Scientific Phenomenon Myth #4 Visual Perceptions Are Accompanied by Tiny Emissions from the Eyes Myth #5 Subliminal Messages Can Persuade People to Purchase Products 2 FROM WOMB TO TOMB Myth #6 Playing Mozart’s Music to Infants Boosts Their Intelligence Myth #7 Adolescence Is Inevitably a Time of Psychological Turmoil Myth #8 Most People Experience a Midlife Crisis in | 8 Their 40s or Early 50s Myth #9 Old Age Is Typically Associated with Increased Dissatisfaction and Senility Myth #10 When Dying, People Pass through a Universal Series of Psychological Stages 3 A REMEMBRANCE OF THINGS PAST Myth #11 Human Memory Works like a Tape Recorder or Video Camera, and Accurate Events We’ve Experienced Myth #12 Hypnosis Is Useful for Retrieving Memories of Forgotten Events Myth #13 Individuals Commonly Repress the Memories of Traumatic Experiences Myth #14 Most People with Amnesia Forget All Details of Their Earlier Lives 4 TEACHING OLD DOGS NEW TRICKS Myth #15 Intelligence (IQ) Tests Are Biased against Certain Groups of People My th #16 If You’re Unsure of Your Answer When Taking a Test, It’s Best to Stick with Your Initial Hunch Myth #17 The Defining Feature of Dyslexia Is Reversing Letters Myth #18 Students Learn Best When Teaching Styles Are Matched to...
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...Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Abstract Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems. The exact cause or causes of (SLE) is unknown, however genetic factors, gender, ethnic origin, and environmental factors have all been implicated in its development. Earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment options have significantly improved survival rates and life quality. Medical and pharmacologic treatment is usually tailored to the specific symptoms or organ systems that are involved due to its unpredictability and range of manifestations. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus affects primarily women of childbearing age and mostly in Asian, African American, and Hispanic populations. Treatment options include steroids, antimalarial drugs, and immunosuppressive agents. This overview will examine the etiology and effects of Lupus, how it impacts fertility and pregnancy in women, and life quality and expectancy. Various treatment options and alternative treatment methods will be discussed; considerations for employment and rehabilitation will be reviewed, as well as the future of therapeutic approaches. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Introduction The name “Lupus” is Latin for wolf and may have first been used to describe the lesions that resembled the bite marks and scratches made by a wolf's attack. The term “Lupus Erythematosus” was first introduced by physicians in the nineteenth century to describe skin lesions...
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...01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S31 N32 B R AI N MAK ER The Power of Gut Microbes to Heal and Protect Your Brain — for Life BY DAVID PERLMUTTER, MD WITH KRISTIN LOB ERG LIT T LE , BROW N A ND C OMPA N Y New York Boston London BrainMaker_HCtext1P.indd iii 12/02/15 6:29 PM 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31S 32N This book is intended to supplement, not replace, the advice of a trained health professional. If you know or suspect that you have a health problem, you should consult a health professional. The author and publisher specifically disclaim any liability, loss, or risk, personal or otherwise, that is incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the contents of this book. Copyright © 2015 by David Perlmutter, MD All rights reserved. In accordance with the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, the scanning, uploading, and electronic sharing of any part of this book without the permission of the publisher constitute unlawful piracy and theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), prior written permission must be obtained by contacting the publisher at permissions@hbgusa.com. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. Little, Brown and Company ...
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...diverse family of large organic compounds involved in many important biological processes. Following their enzymatic hydrolysis during food processing or digestion, proteins may release fragments from their primary amino acid sequence. These fragments are called peptides, and many of them are known to be physiologically active. The possible beneficial effects of bioactive peptides have attracted increasing interest in recent years. On the other hand, there are also reports suggesting that some food-derived peptides might adversely affect human health. Among these, β-casomorphin-7 (BCM7), a peptide sequence present in the milk protein β-casein, has been suggested to contribute to an increased risk for certain non-communicable diseases, such as autism, cardiovascular diseases and type I diabetes. Some literature reports have proposed possible mechanistic explanations for such associations Recognising the alleged negative effect of BCM7 on human health, EFSA deemed it necessary to perform a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature in...
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...1 ESSAY WRITING SKILLS © Graham Davey WHAT DO I NEED TO DO TO WRITE A GOOD ESSAY? 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3. 3.1 3.2 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5. WHAT TO DO BEFORE YOU START ANYTHING Am I familiar with the Assessment Guidelines? Am I certain that I know the Submission Deadline? How much does the mark for my essay contribute to the final mark for this course/module? Do I know what the word limit for this essay is? How many credits do I get for completing this particular course/module successfully? HOW TO PREPARE BEFORE PLANNING & WRITING THE ESSAY What essay titles can I choose from? What references do I need to read? At what level am I writing the essay? What internet resources should I access and use? Can I use my lecture notes as a source of information for my essay? PLANNING YOUR ESSAY How much should I read and when should I begin writing? How can I get the most benefit from my reading? WRITING YOUR ESSAY How should I structure my essay? Am I sure I’m answering the question? How do I write a scholarly essay? How should I present my reference list or bibliography? How should I format my essay? How can I avoid plagiarism? THINGS TO REMMEBER AFTER YOU’VE FINISHED WRITING YOUR ESSAY Essays are arguably the most widely used form of assessment for psychology students. They allow an examiner to assess a student’s factual knowledge, as well as their ability to create logical arguments and critically...
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