...Validity,Credibility, & Reliabilty XBCOM275 Feb 8, 2013 Validity, Credibility, & Reliability When seeking out the validity, credibility, and reliability of a source there can be a vast array of sources to compare when seeking this answer. For example, when validating a source we can research the author and his or her background pertaining to the data in question. Data within a claim can be meant to sway the reader one way or the other, with this in mind, I look at who and what there is to gain from this claim. I can use the gun ban debate stewing in Washington for a great example. President Obama has been pushing for tougher regulations and bans on specific fire arms and related accessories based upon the elementary school shooting in Connecticut implying that this will contest the amount of damage and casualties occurred in mass shootings when statistically more people are killed by drunk drivers in society compared to mass shootings, but yet anyone over the age of 21 can purchase any amount of alcohol. However, even statistics can be swayed depending on the pool of interested parties involved. Some methods I use to determine the reliability of data is to first seek the source from which the data is from. Typically I then seek out other sources in which I can compare that specific data against to validate the data is solid and not transparent. I then will analyze the different sources to be sure there is somewhat of a streamline when these sources are...
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...order to develop an appropriate treatment plan and appropriate interventions the effective school counsleor will need to measure the students ' strengths and weaknesses, assess behaviors and attitudes to certain factors as well as take into account the students personal traits, environment and hereditary factors. Psychometric properties call for the measuring and assessment of all of these factors. Reliability and Validity are essential to assessing a client's behavior in the field of counseling. Internal consistent reliablity is an estimating reliabilty method which measures the consistency of results across the spectrum of items within a test. In essence, this method divides the testing instrument and correlates the scores to determine whether the scores are consistent, or whether there is lack or error within the instrument (Whiston, 2013). Internal consistency measures how closely related the items on a test measure the same thangs. When testing, assessing and measuring, the effective school counselor must choose assessment tools that maintain validity across all constructs and are determined to be reliable, valid and fair. Otherwise, inept assessment occurs. Coffman, Guerin and Gottfried (2006) advised that the Parent-Child Relationship Inventory warrented additional review and analysis due to the fact...
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...emphasizes the importance of the psychological contract in achieving positive HR outcomes and the significance of issues of power. It then goes on to consider various legal issues, forms of discrimination and recent requirements on data protection and human rights. The role of recruitment in managing diversity is considered. Recruitment is seen as an attraction process subject to variations in labour market conditions and variation of interests. The importance of a strategic view is considered to align performance requirement with roles specified in terms of skills and attitudes – often expressed as competences. e-Recruitment is also considered. Coverage of various selection methods is provided, based on a consideration of reliablity and validity issues. Chapter objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: □ Understand the place of recruitment and selection as a stage in the formation of the employment relationship. □ Understand the key legal requirements relating to recruitment and selection □ Explain the nature of attraction in recruitment □ Explain the effectiveness of the selection interview □ Understand the value of psychometric testing CHAPTER OUTLINE Introduction Recruitment followed by selection are vital stages in the formation of the expectations that form the psychological contract between employer and employees. There are power considerations to bear in mind based on labour...
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...demonstrate that you have considered the other side. However, to make this essay effective points for your position should be much stronger than the points against you so that your audience end up believing the thing that you want them to. What are the conventions? What you need to use when you write a persuasive writing: * Rhetorical Questions, alliteration, triads, reptition, emotive words and imagery, hyperbole * Refrences to you or we, us and our to draw the reader in and make them feel you are on their side * References to they or them to make it seem like the opposition are a faceless enemy * Use of facts and figures / real life anecdotes to make the position seem convincing * Use of expert opinions to reinforce the reliabilty of your position * Real names, real places and real examples (even if made up) to make your point seem real * Depending on the audience, informal / easily accessible language might be appropriate * Appeals to the audience's sense of logic and 'common sense' * Emotional appeals / blackmail and the use of emotive words / imagery * A 'Tennis match' structure where you start with a point against you and then go on to attack it in the next paragraph * Simple comparisons that make your point clear / ridicule your opponent * A clear series of important points split up into different paragraphs * Confident Tone of Voice Structure: Each point should start with a new paragraph to seperate the essay into different points...
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...Also various methods of data collection methods are utilised in order to achieve triangulation, create dept and a rich scope.” (Cohen et al, 2007, P. 146) The validity of my research project had been enhanced by using both quantitative and qualitative methods. It is part of my role as a researcher in my project to ensure that the information which I gather is not only reliable but also valid to my project title to ensure that all my information is going to be of significance to me when I go to analyse it all. The valid data which will be used in my research project will be all the common points which possibly occur more than once in my data analysis. The reliability of my research will be solely up to the participant to ensure that they are truthful and honest in what they say. (SEE FIGURE 3 BELOW) FIGURE 3: 9. REFLEXIVITY: As part of my research project, I will ensure that I do all my data...
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...Table of Contents Task 1 5 Describe the main stage of the purchase decision-marking process 6 Identify customer's buyer behaviour and explain the factors may affact it ……………………………………………….7 Evaluate the relationship between brand loyalty, corporate image and repeat purchasing……………………….8 Task 2 13 Evaluate different type of market research techniques 14 Use source of primary/secondary data to achieve marketing research objectives 16 Assess the validity and reability of market research findings 17 Prepare a market research plan to obtain information in a given company 19 Task 3 22 Assess market size trends for a chosen target market 23 Plan and carry out a competitor analysis on a rival 24 Evaluate organization's opportunities and threats 27 Task 4 30 Evaluate various techniques of assessing you customers responses 31 Design and complete a customers satisfaction survey 32 Review the success of a completed survey 31 Appendix 34 References 36 Task 1 Task 1 (Outcome 1) a. Describe the main stages of the purchase decision-making process within your chosen company * Refreshing drink is the basic human’s demand. Therefore, it is understandable when people expect to have a comfort drink to satisfy thirst. In Vietnam, Pepsi and Coca Cola took large amount of market share in beverage industry, applying consumer buyer decision process will help them a part in purchasing battle. * As usual buying decision process will cover through 5 steps...
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...Identification of relevant social factors that affect customer behavior in purchasing car 1.1 Background of the Study The main purpose of this research is to identify the relevant social factors that affect purchase intention in purchasing car. The result of the research could be used as reference by the car dealer and manufacture which allows to understand the requirement of the market demand in Malaysia. Since there are a lot of competitors in vehicle industry provides advance manufacturing technologies and facilities which to be successful, automaker companies have to strengthen the need according to the need of the customer in order to remain in the car manufacturing industry. Carmaker and marketers should not only focuses on manufacturing vehicle and performance of the vehicle instead they also should emphasises on the social factors which influence the buyers decision in purchasing car such as reference group, family factor and social status. Other than that, the basic principle in the current market which is governing is customer orientation and customer centeredness in belief. Currently, the Competitive market is forced to produce the goods according to the customer needs (Tafler, 2007). The study on the consumer purchase behaviour which also refer as consumer behaviour, provides information of the consumer patterns and purchase intention (Nesai, 2009). Other than that, the organization able to survive along the organization could able to supply the needs...
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...Shinkins, 2006 ) “The most important aspect of any product or service...something performing to specification” that they became the focal point of the General Manager’s (GM) area of concern. These problematic reports have dealt a destabilising blow to the future of the newly constructed Mall by Northstar, forcing the management to ensure that measures are taken both to identify and devise a solution in order to rectify the situation, ultimately restoring efficiency and thus heightening the chances of a success. Issues with relation to Customer Service are of great value, as this is where the interaction between the customer, the staff and all other products and services encompassed within the Northstar Mall facility take place. However, validity of the feedback/suggestions and general comments/complaints must be assured in order to gain a non-bias and factual foundation on which to view options to proceed. In the world business, on multiple planes, the quality of the service provided to the potential customer is paramount, as this service is what, when placed in conjunction amongst other variable factors, will result in the overall conclusion or “Customer experience”, which is key to securing both a ‘golden reputation’ and establishing customer loyalty. These two factors are the legs on which a successful facility such as the Northstar Mall will rely upon in order to aid the continuous return of custom. The key word here is Quality. If we focus for now solely on the ‘staff issues’...
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...Relationship Marketing Index Using Holistic Approach A project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for B.Tech. Project B.Tech. By Katum Yomcha (2010IPG-50) Divyank Shekhar Singh (2010IPG-34) Pradeep Kr. Meena(2010IPG-109) ABV INDIAN INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT GWALIOR-474 010 2013 CANDIDATE/S DECLARATION We hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the B. Tech. Project Report entitled “Relationship Marketing Index Using Holistic Approach”, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology and submitted to the institution, is an authentic record of our own work carried out during the period from May/2013 to September/2013 under the supervision of Prof. Deepali Singh. I/we also cited the reference about the text(s)/figure(s)/table(s) from where they have been taken. The matter presented in this report has not been submitted by us for the award of any other degree elsewhere. Date: Signature of Candidates Katum Yomcha Divyank Shekhar Singh Pradeep Kr. Meena (2010 IPG 050) (2010 IPG 034) (2010 IPG 109) This is to certify that...
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...FACTORS AFFECTING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY BY KYOSHABA MARTHA BBA (UCU) 2005/HD04/4262U DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FUFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 2009 DECLARATION I, Martha Kyoshaba, hereby declare that, this dissertation is my original work and has never been presented to any university or institution for any academic award. Sign:………………………………………………………….. Martha Kyoshaba Date:………………………………………………………….. 1 APPROVAL This dissertation has been written under our supervision and has been submitted for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in Educational Management with our approval as supervisors. ………………………………………………………………. Dr. James L. Nkata Date:………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………. Dr. F. E. K. Bakkabulindi Date:………………………………………………………… 2 DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my late mother, Mrs. Petrid K Majara who always wanted me to be a teacher, my husband Jacobs who encouraged me to strive on and my little girls, Isabel and Christabel whom I want to follow in my footsteps. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank the following people who in many ways contributed to this piece of work. I am indebted to my supervisor, Dr. James L. Nkata for his patience, inspiration and encouragement. I admired the way in which...
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