...Purdue OWL: APA Formatting and Style Guide 7/21/15, 11:51 AM General Writing • Research and Citation • Teaching and Tutoring • Subject-Specific Writing • Job Search Writing • ESL This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom. In-Text Citations: The Basics Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed., 2nd printing). Contributors:Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck Last Edited: 2014-11-11 10:20:40 Reference citations in text are covered on pages 169-179 of the Publication Manual. What follows are some general guidelines for referring to the works of others in your essay. Note: APA style requires authors to use the past tense or present perfect tense when using signal phrases to describe earlier research, for example, Jones (1998) found or Jones (1998) has found... APA citation basics When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text...
Words: 952 - Pages: 4
...APA Common Mistakes and Helpful Tips Here is an example of citing a PowerPoint from the web – do not cap all words in the title. Mor Barak, M. E. (2014). Chapter 1: Introduction and conceptual framework [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from California State University BeachBoard Website: https://bbcsulb.desire2learn.com/d2l/lms/content/manage/topicsmodules_li st.d2l?ou=239789 Morrison, E. E., & Furlong, F. (2013). Chapter 1: Theory of health care ethics. [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from California State University BeachBoard Website: https://bbcsulb.desire2learn.com/d2l/lms/content/manage/topicsmodules_li st.d2l?ou=230333 Here is an example of Lecture notes: Martinez, L. K. (2014). Chapter 1: Key concepts. Retrieved from https://bbcsulb.desire2learn.com/d2l/lms/content/preview.d2l?tId=2088458 &ou=230335 Citing your text book: Mor Barak, M. E. (2014). Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. O’Lawrence, H. (2013). The historical critique of career & technical education in California from 1900 – 2000 and the status of California community colleges. Santa Rosa, CA: Informing Science Press. Morrison, E. E., & Furlong, B. (2013). Health care ethics: Critical issues for the 21st century. (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Citing a word from a dictionary: Feminism. (n.d.). In Encyclopædia Britannica online. Retrieved from http://www...
Words: 1351 - Pages: 6
...[pic] ICAK-USA Research The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology for the year 2005-2006 -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. Functional Systems Approach to Central Nervous System Evaluation Richard Belli, D.C., D.A.C.N.B. ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigates the clinical utility of testing functional systems within the central nervous system, compared to testing individual motor nerves with manual muscle testing. Design: Private practice. Study Subjects: Patients were examined by the treating chiropractor from his existing patient pool. Methods: Chiropractic management was decided on by the treating chiropractor. A series of twelve tests were designed to discover disorders of functional systems within the CNS. The tests described were to evaluate the function of 12 systems: 1) spinal cord, 2) myelencephalon/reticular formation, 3) vagal system, 4) trigeminal motor system-muscles of mastication, 5) vestibulospinal system, and bulbo reticular area, 6) reticular formation, 7) diencephalons and gait locomotion system, 8) mesencephalon, 9) cardiac sympathetic autonomic system, 10) pyramidal system, 11) limbic system, 12) sensory system. Results: This chiropractic approach tests the nervous system after provocation of functional systems...
Words: 29879 - Pages: 120
...setting falls are prevalent for various reasons. According to Sullivan (2013), “Risk management is a component of quality management, but its purpose is to identify, analyze, and evaluate risks and then develop a plan for reducing the frequency and severity of accidents and injuries” (p. 77). This paper will address falls as a risk management issue; discuss methods to identify patients as a fall risk, methods to implement to reduce falls, and how to inform all staff of seriousness of fall issue. Furthermore, a comparison of three other facilities and their methods will be discussed and compared to the VA hospital's plan of action. Hospital Plan for Identifying Falls Every patient that enters the hospital is required to have a fall assessment on the admission, and if the staff feels a patient's status has changed, it is completed again. The fall assessment template addresses cognitive status, hearing and vision issues, and gait and balance problems. Other information collected is his or her ability to use assistive devices such as canes, walkers, and crutches. Other information gathered is a medication list, a history of falls, and medical conditions such as vertigo. Another major issue is the environment at home, not enough lighting, rugs, stairs, and animals. In the hospital setting the number of falls is increasing clutter in the room. As most rooms are semi- private and patients at the VA want to move in they bring to many belongings. Other environment issues...
Words: 1311 - Pages: 6
...Agoraphobia as defined by the APA Dictionary of Psychology is literally the fear of the market place. Agoraphobia is manifested as anxiety about being in places or situations, fearing one may have panic symptoms or a panic attack, throwing up or having diarrhea in public. Those with agoraphobia live with the terror that they may become trapped, desperately avoiding situations where they feel that they would not be able to escape quickly or that may not be able to get help if they need it.κ Those with agoraphobia have a hard time feeling safe in public places, and most especially where crowds gather. Common areas that most people suffering from agoraphobia dread are elevators, sporting events, bridges, lines, driving, public transportation, malls and airplanes. In the more serious cases of agoraphobia, one’s fears become so intense that they are just trapped in their own homes because that is the only place they truly feel safe.λ Unlike most phobias and fears, Agoraphobia usually begins between late adolescence and the mid-30s. This phobia is often passed along in families. It can also occur if a person grows up with an overprotective parent or a parent that is a perfectionist. According to the Mayo Clinic, between 1 and 5 percent of people in the United States develop agoraphobia in their lifetime. Nearly 80% of those suffering from this phobia are women.μ Something familiar to all of us is anxiety at its minor symptom level. This often seems to weigh against...
Words: 1485 - Pages: 6
...Cognitive enhancers are drugs and supplements that have the ability to improve the “mental performance” of an individual in three main cognitive domains: memory, attention and creativity. At their most basic meaning, memory can be defined as the ability to recall events or learned material; attention, to focus in something while ignoring distracters; and creativity, to conceive original and useful ideas or products (Lanni et al., 2008). There are other types of cognitive enhancers, such as electrical brain stimulation and psychotropic drugs, which will not be discussed in this paper. Many of the medications used by healthy individuals to enhance cognitive abilities were designed for other purposes, specially treating some traits of mental illnesses....
Words: 1484 - Pages: 6
...Disorders Writing Assignment The purpose of this project is to give you experience in making clinical diagnoses and to attempt to make sense of the many psychological disorders that are out there. You have been assigned to watch a popular movie. I decided to give this to you before Christmas Break because you will have at least 2 weeks to think of the movies form the list and watch one or two or whatever number you want. Pretend that you are a clinical psychologist, and the character in the movie has come in to your office. There is one central character in the movie that has symptoms of a psychological disorder (sometimes there may be more than one character; I have given you the character with the most obvious symptoms). In your paper, you should give a brief description of the character. Then, you should answer the following: o Identify the diagnosis that you would make of the character. • You should back up your diagnosis with the relevant symptoms displayed by the character (in other words, explain why did you make the diagnosis that you did). Refer to the movie to illustrate the symptoms that the character demonstrates. • Discuss all the possible symptoms of the disorder; does the client show all the possible symptoms, or only some of the possible symptoms of the disorder? • In some cases, the character may be lying, and does not really have a disorder. For example, the person may be faking the disorder to avoid prosecution for a...
Words: 1508 - Pages: 7
...MLA Style Citations, 7th ed. (Modern Languages Association) This guide provides basic guidelines and examples for citing sources using the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th ed. (2009). MLA citation style requires that credit be given to sources in the text of an essay with parenthetical references. General guidelines for parenthetical references appear on the last page of this guide. While the following examples are single-spaced, the Works Cited page should be double-spaced throughout. Format: Author Last, First. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of Publication. Print. Book: One Author Sample Citation: Welch, Kathleen E. Electric Rhetoric: Classical Rhetoric, Oralism, and a New Literacy. Cambridge: MIT, 1999. Print. Format: Author Last, First, and First Last. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of Pub. Print. Book: Two Authors Sample Citation: Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. Singular Texts/Plural Authors: Perspectives on Collaborative Writing. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1990. Print. Format: Author Last, First, Author First Last, and Author First Last. Title. Location of Publisher: Publisher, Year of Pub. Print. [Note: If a source has more than three authors, only the first author should be listed, with the Latin phrase “et al.” (meaning “and others”) following their name.] Book: Multiple Authors Sample Citation: Patten, Michael A., Guy McCaskie, and Philip Unitt. Birds of the Salton Sea: Status, Biogeography, and Ecology. Berkeley:...
Words: 2086 - Pages: 9
...Overview of Cocaine Jasmine Wright Research Paper Professor Suh It is a Friday night and your roommates at your dorm invite you to a dorm party. Instead of finishing your homework you decide to join them and put the homework off for tomorrow. You tell yourself that you wont be out so late and that you had a long week so why not. As you arrive to the party, there are girls kissing up on boys as they take shots. You tell yourself that you would not participate because your parents did not grow you up in that kind of manner. As the night passes, your roommates pressure you into taken a shot of tequila. Eventually, one shot turns into two and then three. Until, the shots are not enough. Your roommate turns to and says, “Try this”. She passes you a little “baggy” of a white powder substance. You ask, “What is it?” She replies, “ it’s coke, you’ll love it.” You take the rolled up bill from her hand and you try your first line of coke. At that moment, you fell in love and life was no longer the same. Cocaine became prevalent in 5,000 B.C. of the Inca Empire in Peru. It is derived from cocoa plants were they would chew the leaves and extract the cocoa from it. It effect can be increased by adding calcified lime to raise the alkalinity which improves the effect of cocaine. This would be of assistance to them when they had to travel great distances due it increasing their endurance and strength. Eventually, the demand for cocaine grew high in the field of medicine. A surgeon, Halsted...
Words: 2386 - Pages: 10
...What are the physical and cognitive benefits of exercise on patients with multiple sclerosis? 1. Bayraktar D, Guclu-Gunduz A, Yazici G, et al. Effects of Ai-Chi on balance, functional mobility, strength and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2013; 33(3):431-7. This research study was designed to examine the effects of Ai-Chi exercises in a swimming pool on balance and mobility in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Poor balance and decreased mobility is a common issue with MS, and the decline often limits daily activities. Researchers recruited twenty-three females affected by MS, and divided them into two groups. The exercise group performed Ai-Chi exercises for a 60 minute session twice a week for eight weeks. The control group did a home exercise program that only involved abdominal breathing and active range of motion exercises. Upon conclusion of the program, subjects were tested on static balance, functional mobility, fatigue, and muscle strength. The exercise group showed significant improvements across all measures, but the control group did not. This shows that the aquatic exercise program is a viable option to combat the negative effects of MS. A strength of this study was the use of aquatic therapy. The researchers stated that although this therapy is widely used, more studies need to be performed to gain more knowledge. Recording results on patients is concrete evidence that these programs work. This study was published...
Words: 2741 - Pages: 11
...The 4th of August 2011 the police shot Mark Duggan, a black man living in Tottenham – a borough in Greater London. The event created a strong reaction form the local youth. After a march on Tottenham Police station to protest the death of the man, the demonstration turned into a series of violent acts in the streets that quickly developed and spread across London and other cities all over England. A major debate arose about the inner causes of the insurrections and the media and politicians promptly pointed out several hypothesis. The August 2011 events have been primarily interpreted, especially amongst the political class, through a lens that emphasises criminality. ,one prominent argument advocates that the cause of the unrest was the moral decay of ‘a feral underclass’ (Scrambler; Grover 2011) However, many of such explanations tend to be mostly speculative and they often fail to provide a consistent account of the causes of the riots based on solid evidence (the LSE/theguardian, 2011, Solomos, 2011). Against this background this essay attempts to disentangle the motives of the London 2011 riots, by focusing on the relations of causality between factors and events that led to the burst of the unrest. It argues that urban social inequalities as well as uneven processes of exclusion and inclusion of a marginalised class are the main factor underlying the disturbances. Yet this essay claims that these riots need also to be analysed in the very specific context in which...
Words: 3372 - Pages: 14
...related by their chemical structure, the way they work or if they are used for the same purpose (Pubmed Health, 2012). A cholinergic stimulant is a class of drugs used to increase activity at acetylcholine synapses and can be further subdivided into two categories; direct and indirect acting cholinergic stimulants. This categorization is based on their mechanisms of action and specificity for clinical use (Ciccone, 2007). Direct-acting cholinergic stimulants increase activity at the acetylcholine synapses by binding directly with the cholinergic receptor on the other hand; indirect-acting cholinergic stimulants put forth the same effect by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme situated on the cholinergic synapse. For the purpose of this paper, an analysis of indirect acting cholinergic stimulants will be completed, with focus on Pyridosigmine and Prostigmin and their implications to physical therapy practice. Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Stimulants Indirect-acting cholinergic stimulants are also known as Cholinesterase inhibitors or Anticholinesterase agents. Cholinesterase inhibitors increase activity at cholinergic synapses by preventing the acetylcholinesterase enzyme from breaking down acetylcholine (ACh) after its release from the presynaptic terminal. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit acetylcholinesterase thus allowing more acetylcholine to remain at the synapse which results in an increase in cholinergic synaptic transmission (Ciccone, 2007). For circumstances where acetylcholine...
Words: 2198 - Pages: 9
...Autoimmune Disease. You are in your mid twenty but you feel fatigue, numbness of extremities, chronic pain, vision problem, etc almost daily. Then sometime, you feel dizzy, vertigo, loss of balance, involuntary muscle spasms, and difficult to move around. You may feel depress and mood swings in addition to these symptoms. What is wrong with you? You are at the age where as young adults with full energize life ahead, ready to take charge of an independent life and assume a various social roles and economic responsibilities like a new career after college and graduate school, begin an intimate romance relationships, or maybe starting a family of your own (Falvo, 2009). What you are experiences are the common symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a Central Nervous System (CNS) disease which affects over 400,000 Americans, and every week about 200 people are diagnosed. Worldwide, it affects about 2.5 million people (NewsRx Health and Science, 2012). Its exact cause is unknown, however the common thought is some unknown virus or gene defect is the blame. To really understand Multiple Sclerosis we will need to look at it definition and history, the statistics of number people afflicted with it, what are the social-psychological challenges of the disease. We will also need to look at what kind of research projects and experiments have been done regarding the disease, what kind of help and support that the community have to offer to its patients, and the interventions impact on...
Words: 3612 - Pages: 15
...CONSOLACION COLLEGE MANILA 8 Mendiola St., Malacañang Complex, Manila Telephone Nos.: 736-0235 / 313-0513 / Fax: 313-0602 Website: http://www.lccm.edu.ph Thesis Writing Guide June 2011 Prepared by: Dr. Jennifer S. Florida Director, Research and Publications Center La Consolacion College Manila Venancio N. Santos, Jr. Staff, Research and Publications Center La Consolacion College Manila All rights reserved. Published by: Research and Publications Center 231 Gregor Mendel Science Center La Consolacion College Manila 8 Mendiola St., San Miguel, Manila 1005 Telephone: 736 - 0235 (loc 173), 313 - 0509 URL: http://www.lccm.edu.ph Layout: Venancio N. Santos, Jr. La Consolacion College Manila Vision – Mission Statement Vision La Consolacion College Manila is a Catholic educational institution that is inspired by St. Augustine’s vision of the academe that is founded on the primacy of love. It understands the academic community to be above all else, a scholarly fellowship of friends. As an institution of higher learning, La Consolacion College Manila envisions herself to become truly an innovative higher education institution in the Asia-Pacific Rim. Within this decade 2010-2020, LCCM is projected to be veritably influenced by research-oriented instruction that is richly complemented with technology-driven holistic education for lifelong learning, and with strong community outreach programs especially among the marginalized sectors of the National Capital Region (NCR)...
Words: 7027 - Pages: 29
...deciding to kick-out Thorsten Heins and replaced him with John Chen as their new CEO in November 2013 to act as change agent transforming the company. With expertise, suitable leadership style, creative mind and teamwork, in less than a year, John Chen has proven satisfying outcomes and closed to “profitable state” that invite global citizens’ curiosity. This report highlights the 3 changes John Chen has done such as: leadership change, change in business structure, and change in business strategies, compared to ex-CEO Thorsten Heins’ change management; Overcoming the resistance of changes which is the pessimistic organization culture is also one of Chen’s achievement. The Action Research Model becomes platform of change application stages (institutionalization), changes must be preceded by research and planning should be conducted together (participative decision making) without abandoning evaluation of employees’ satisfaction and goals measurement. Regardless the success, there are still rooms for improvement such as BlackBerry should take care the employees better to build in innovative culture and should being proactive bewaring change in trends, external environments,...
Words: 4299 - Pages: 18
