...helped the company defined its brand and create brand equity. Faced with the launch of a new boot, the Mercurial Vapor Superfly II Elite, Nike must find the right fit between the company, competitors and consumers in order to obtain a competitive positioning advantage and successfully launch the new boot. Nike is the market leader in product differentiation when it comes to football shoes. With its most recent innovation, the Mercurial Vapor Superfly II Elite, Nike offers football players the latest in performance technology. To understand the product’s sources of competitive advantage it is important to identify the value created at the following different product levels: the core product, the actual product and the augmented product. Starting at the core level, the product’s benefit is that it allows football players to improve performance by providing superior stability, traction and support. Additional product differentiation is established at the core level through the development process, which is unique to the company. The process consists of developing the boot from input provided by star football...
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...draft, the current coach, the future coach, and so on. according to the existing records, in United States of America, there are less than 110 Teams of the 4 main organized professional sports, basketball, baseball, hockey, and, football participating in the main League level fixtures annually. There are less than 90 Stadiums spread over 25 States. Today, sports has become a money making alternative for not only players but also the coaches or managers, the media, and schools participating in sports. Salaries for professional athletes continue to escalate each year. From Alex Rodriguez’s record, $252 million contract to David Beckham’s $50 million per year enticement to join the LA Galaxy soccer team, most sports fans believe that professional athletes, in general, are overpaid and not worth their salaries. Yet for the professional athlete, maximizing compensation is critical, given the short careers and health risks associated with the sports profession. Thus, athletes and their agents often look to see what others within their sport are paid in an effort to negotiate for more money. Few, if any, have compared athlete compensation across sports (Rod Hilpirt, Scott Wysong, Sheila Hartley, Mike Latino & Andrea Zabkar). In major team sports, star players command millions of dollars per season, often with guaranteed salaries and performance bonuses. Many individual athletes in sports like tennis and golf earn similarly lofty salaries. In those professional...
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...Introduction The Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) is an association founded in 1904 with a goal dedicated to the constant improvement of football. Based in Zurich Switzerland, FIFA is governed by Swiss law. The organisational structure of FIFA is made up of a Legislative Body (Congress), an Executive Body (Executive Committee), an Administrative Secretariat (Administrative Body) and Committees that assist the Executive Committee. FIFA employs about 310 people from over 35 nations and has been served by 8 presidents since its conception in 1904 (FIFA.com) Overview of the FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup is a men’s football sporting event of global proportion held every four years and organised by FIFA to unite and build a better future for the world through the power and popularity of football; which is an integrated part of society. The inaugural FIFA World Cup was held by Uruguay in 1930 and the tournament has been on for about eight decades with the 19th World Cup held in 2010 and hosted by South Africa. (FIFA.com) Referring to Jennings (2009), the FIFA World Cup is considered to be a mega event as it is suggested to involve extensive preparation and planning, exceptional scale and scope and long term resource commitment, particularly with regards to construction of infrastructure, budgetary planning and operations. This analysis therefore categorises the FIFA World Cup as a high risk mega event as it presents a site for operational, technological...
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...an olympic sport. Just because an object is missing an element, doesn’t mean it should be considered something different. Cheerleading is a sport; cheer teams compete in national competitions, cheer training is long and hard, and cheer has been considered a olympic sport. When someone brings up cheerleading, many people picture in their minds girls cheering at a basketball,...
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...the opponents goal and will have to turn and look to move forward. This takes too much time in modern football. The ball needs to go to the strikers, so they can bounce the ball back to a midfielder who then will be facing the opponents goal and who can immediately attack.” “It’s a simple rule in football: the third man determines what you can or can’t do. But we seem to forget to teach our youngster this. And this is a dangerous situation. We now have two generations defenders (Mathijsen/Ooijer/Bouma vs Vlaar/Boula/Jaliens/Heijtinga) who do not have that skill. Our youth coaches need a long look in the mirror.” "Our system was also a solution to a physical problem. How can you play for 90 minutes and remain strong? If I as a left back run 70 meters up the wing it's not good if I immediately have to run back 70 to my starting place. So if the left midfielder takes my place and left winger takes the midfield position, then it shortens the distance. That was the philosophy." (krol) " It was about making space, coming into space, and organizing space-like architecture on the football pitch. "(barry hulshoff) "My idol, my father was Rinus Michels, who was runner-up with Holland in 1974 and the 1988 European champions. It is the same way in Munich. Only Michels was too defensive, I'm more attacking. It has made us popular and successful."(van gaal) 'You have to fit 11 players together. You can't have 11 individuals. You need to have a team. That's why someone from outside needs...
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...Personal Responsibility Henry Ingram Gen/200 January 7, 2013 Sharon Tucker Personal Responsibility When asked about personal responsibility and what it means to an individual, a person may say to be completely accountable for his or her actions, fulfilling self-imposed obligations or ones assigned by a form of direction. The most important way to obtain success during time spent in college is to ensure one’s personal responsibility to do well accounting for his or her actions. The relationship between college success and personal responsibility go hand-in- hand as college success results from total commitment of completing the requirements dictated by the institution. The duty of an individual is to acquire a degree in an effort to benefit self positively and confidently influence personal and professional relationships. Student’s preliminary plan of practicing personal responsibility during enrollment at University of Phoenix include the following: follow weekly times scheduled to complete assignments, use school resources as an aid in becoming an excellent student, participate willingly to enhance abilities and assist classmates whenever possible to gain group success. Accountability of Actions Personal responsibility begins with accepting outcomes of actions regardless of how significant or insignificant activities may be. Accountable choices made throughout life determine how much fortitude a person has maintaining...
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...Kori Bogard Dr. Karin Mendoza Intermediate English Composition (ENGL-2989-076) 29 March 2013 Word Count: 1,766 Steroids should be legalized Abstract The use of steroids and illegal performance-enhancing drugs appears to be growing in professional athletics. More and more high profile athletes are being busted for their use and consequently ostracized by fans and those in the athletic community. Beyond that, there are thousands of other professional and amateur athletes who have resorted to these drugs as well. As someone who has found a passion for all things fitness, and aspires to open up my own gym and train athletes someday, this issue is of high importance to me. Although many have accepted steroids as illegal and a type of cheating, these drugs should be legalized in sports. While it is widely accepted that performance-enhancing drugs pose health risks, I think it is the athletes’ own choice whether or not these risks are worth the benefit. In this research, I will argue why it makes sense to lift the current ban on steroids in professional sports. The effects of steroids are well known. They will help increase athletic performance and they also come with negative side effects. In a study done by clinical biochemists, it was found that use of anabolic steroids combined with exercise was highly effective. This research took 43 volunteers and divided them into four groups. One group of people took a placebo pill and exercised, one group took a placebo with no exercise...
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...great spectrum, but as described in the famous blockbuster film Spider-Man® “with great power, comes great responsibility.” This applies particularly to professional athletes, who, to an extent, experience even more pressure directed towards them than politicians, due to the constant exposure under the limelight and the demand to win from fans all over the world. Expectations towards young and talented professional players are tangible; family, peers, community and agents are only a fraction of the people lining up to share in the fruits of success. Needless to say, this recognition comes with the assumption that they will have a share of the athlete’s financial earnings. So how do these players react to such vast demand and how do they perceive money and its use in different aspects of life? Sports Illustrated published an article in 2009, which shows that on average, 78% of former NFL players go bankrupt within two years of retirement, and about 60% of former NBA players are penniless within five years of ending their career (Torre 1). How is this possible? What are the crucial factors that drive successful athletes to lose all their money, and more importantly, is there a way to avoid such stalemate? “We always felt like if you looked good, played good, they pay good. That was our philosophy” (qtd. in Corben). This is a quote from Keith McCants in Broke, an episode of ESPN’s acclaimed documentary series 30 For 30, that examines professional athletes’ financial behavior and...
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...`WHAT MAKES A GREAT SPORT LEADER? Page 1 GENUINE EFFECTIVE SPORT LEADERS OR JUST LAZY, INEXPERIENCE SCUMS! The good Sports leaders must have four essential Qualities in order to be effective in what they do, if a Sport Leader does not have these skills, this automatically means they are FAKE shams of an effective sports leader. Having only some of these skill qualities result in ineffective Sport Leaders, who are too lazy to acknowledge these advance skills to succeed. Sports leaders who don’t have these skills should not have honour to have LEADER in their profession. The First quality that is vital in being effective in sports leadership is the Knowledge of Sports Skills, so in this case meaning the Sports Leader must have a good knowledge of the participant’s skill development, technical ability and technical demands in order to carry out the session correctly and successful. This will thus help the sports leader make a decision on what specific, simple skill is require to help the participant succeed in the activity and enjoy it at the same time. This will then make the sessions fun and not too difficult. Moreover, these factors are very important to know. For example, one of my close friends was a former sports leader, and I came along to one of his session to watch him performs in his sports leadership sessions; he did a football session with the kids. I watched the session and he turned a difficult football session into a fun one for the children...
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...Use these links to rapidly review the document TABLE OF CONTENTS Index to Consolidated financial statements Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 20-F (Mark One) o REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended 30 June 2013 OR o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR o SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission File Number 001-35627 MANCHESTER UNITED plc (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Not Applicable (Translation of Company's name into English) Cayman Islands (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Sir Matt Busby Way, Old Trafford, Manchester, England, M16 0RA (Address of principal executive offices) Edward Woodward Executive Vice Chairman Sir Matt Busby Way, Old Trafford, Manchester, England, M16 0RA Telephone No. 011 44 (0) 161 868 8000 E-mail: ir@manutd.co.uk (Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person) Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act. Title of each class Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0005 per share Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange Securities...
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...Feasibility Study for Soap Football Business Venture By: Kunal Sharma 3077704 November 2012 88/100 – well done and a viable concept. ~Steve Dhillon Table of Contents Page # 1. Cover Page 1 2. Table of contents 2 3. The concept 3 4. Preliminary marketing planning 5 5. Customers 6 6. Competition 7 7. Location 8 8. Pricing strategy 9 9....
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...Fifa 14 Coins are accessible at the online 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil is to be released on the15th of April, 2014 on the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. The devotees can figure out a two-month head start to attempt and win the trophy before the official launching takes place in Sao Paulo on the next 12th of June. 2014 FIFA World Cup of EA Sports means that the most intense set of modes appears in the title of a tournament. There is the replication of some of the most unforgettable eligible matches. Or you can captain your country to achieve. There are six paths to overcome. These include road to the FIFA World Cup, Road to Rio de Janeiro (online), captaining your Country, story of finals (online), 2014 FIFA World Cup and story of qualifying. Fifa 14 Coins are available online now. The players can buy cheap fifa coins to accumulate the potential players to make the dream FIFA 14 team. The way like road to the FIFA World Cup indicates that you can direct one of two hundred and three world cup nations via the qualifying rounds. And it is included on FIFA World Cup magnificence. There are thirty-two players that can play locally. And it is introducing a really customized and distinctive experience. As the road is made via the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the talk radio of EA Sports is to introduce the country-basis tournament updates. It includes fifty hours more of the recorded dialogue. And it becomes accustomed to the performance of your team. The devotees are to rejoice in the streets...
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...Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 Football, Violence and Social Identity Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 As the 1994 World Cup competition in the USA again demonstrates, football is one of the most popular participant and spectator sports around the world. The fortunes of teams can have great significance for the communities they represent at both local and national levels. Social and cultural analysts have only recently started to investigate the wide variety of customs, values and social patterns that surround the game in different societies. This volume contributes to the widening focus of research by presenting new data and explanations of football-related violence. Episodes of violence associated with football are relatively infrequent, but the occasional violent events which attract great media attention have their roots in the rituals of the matches, the loyalties and identities of players and crowds and the wider cultures and politics of the host societies. This book provides a unique cross-national examination of patterns of order and conflict surrounding football matches from this perspective with examples provided by expert contributors from Scotland, England, Norway, the Netherlands, Italy, Argentina and the USA. This book will be of interest to an international readership of informed soccer and sport enthusiasts and students of sport, leisure, society, deviance and culture. Richard Giulianotti, Norman...
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...Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning (eds.) Statistical Thinking in Sports CRC PRESS Boca Raton Ann Arbor London Tokyo Contents 1 Introduction Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Patterns of world records in sports (2 articles) . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Competition, rankings and betting in soccer (3 articles) . . 1.1.3 An investigation into some popular baseball myths (3 articles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Uncertainty of attendance at sports events (2 articles) . . . 1.1.5 Home advantage, myths in tennis, drafting in hockey pools, American football . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modelling the development of world records in running Gerard H. Kuper and Elmer Sterken 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Modelling world records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Cross-sectional approach . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Fitting the individual curves . . . . . . . . 2.3 Selection of the functional form . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Candidate functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 Theoretical selection of curves . . . . . . . 2.3.3 Fitting the models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.4 The Gompertz curve in more detail...
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...Explain the importance of Internet marketing to two contrasting businesses. In 1999, Andy Grove, the chairman of Intel said this: IN FIVE years’ time, says Andy Grove, the chairman of Intel, all companies will be Internet companies, or they won’t be companies at all. Just another example of the arrogance and exaggeration the information-technology industry is notorious for? Yes, in the sense that Mr Grove is as keen as the next chip maker to scare customers into buying his products. No, in the sense that, allowing for a little artistic licence, he is probably right. Journalists obviously doubted him and some even said that “What Mr Grove was really saying was that if in five years’ time a company is not using the Internet to do some or all of these things, it will be destroyed by competitors who are.” but five years on from then perhaps this statement didn’t come true but it certainly rings true in the current year of 2016 where so many businesses have since folded as a result of the rise of the ‘real life to internet’ movement. Internet marketing is important because it aligns with the way consumers make purchasing decisions and nearly every business will benefit from having an internet presence. Reaching customers—and potential customers—using online marketing is more a matter of commitment and strategy than it is a financial expenditure. It does not need to be expensive to reach online...
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