...and behave like a criminal, but those things do not make individuals commit crimes. That is entirely a choice. Genes contribute to an individual’s patterns because genes affect learning. Saying that something is influenced genetically is not saying environmental factors are not relevant. Saying a behavior is influenced genetically is not saying that it is unalterable or inevitable. “A predisposition is not predestination (Jones, pg87). Several components that contribute to criminal behavior are looked at; however, genetic factors are often overlooked as an important attribute. Some genetic influences are children who have behavior or disruptive disorders, such as ADHD. Other genetics can come from parents. Tests and studies have been done on adoptees and twins to shows how criminologist scientists have come up with this conclusion. Since genetics can play a role in criminal behavior, this means that gender and race may also be included. It is crime, not race that leads to more stops in minority neighborhoods. Children with disruptive...
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...Once upon a time in the distant, distant kingdom lived Black King and White Queen. The kingdom was in black and white, so everything has been just black, white and gray. To live in the kingdom was very sad, so over time, it left all residents, while the King and Queen did not stay in it all alone. One day, when the Black King and White Queen sitting on the porch of gray lock and wept with grief, they flew a magical Fairy. “Do not be sad,” Fairy said. ”I will help you make your kingdom color, and all the inhabitants in it will return again. And to live in it will be much brighter and more fun!“ “However, how can you help us?” asked the King and Queen. “A year later,” - said the Fairy. “You will have a son, Prince Lemon. And a year later, you will be born two daughters Twins: Princess Blueberry and Princess Raspberry. When they grow up, they will be able to share their colors with each other. And you can paint the sky and the earth and everything, even a rainbow”. The fairy waved her magic wand and flew away, dissolving in the air....
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...Once upon a time in the distant, distant kingdom lived Black King and White Queen. The kingdom was in black and white, so everything has been just black, white and gray. To live in the kingdom was very sad, so over time, it left all residents, while the King and Queen did not stay in it all alone. One day, when the Black King and White Queen sitting on the porch of gray lock and wept with grief, they flew a magical Fairy. “Do not be sad,” Fairy said. ”I will help you make your kingdom color, and all the inhabitants in it will return again. And to live in it will be much brighter and more fun!“ “However, how can you help us?” asked the King and Queen. “A year later,” - said the Fairy. “You will have a son, Prince Lemon. And a year later, you will be born two daughters Twins: Princess Blueberry and Princess Raspberry. When they grow up, they will be able to share their colors with each other. And you can paint the sky and the earth and everything, even a rainbow”. The fairy waved her magic wand and flew away, dissolving in the air. A year later, the Black King and White Queen was actually born son - Prince Lemon. Task 1 Color the Prince Lemon with lemon color....
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...IQ and Heritability According to studies conducted by researchers, it has been shown that genetic factors affect the IQ of a person, and specific genes that take part in influencing the IQ have been identified. The studies have also proposed that performance is affected by genetic factors. However, it has not been clear whether the genes that shape the IQ are the same genes that influence test scores and grades. The high heritability of intelligence proves to be a difficult subject because it may be perceived to imply that the communities or schools that perform poorly produce unfavorable results due to the immutable characteristics present in those populations. This may imply that the poor kids should be left alone just because they are created that way. However, comprehending the reason why the school system is difficult for some people while being easy for others is important to enabling the researchers to come up with a system that suits the individual strengths of the communities and schools involved. Again, high heritability does not imply total heritability because there is yet another vital role of the environment that requires much consideration, an aspect that informs the scholars of the field of intelligence inheritability how the results can be improved through a change in the environment. A population exhibiting high rate of heritability may be interpreted as a symbol of equality in the sense that environment would be the dominant factor, or it can’t vary radically...
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...strokes occur at 7th decade of life and it rarely occurs at the ages below of 35 years old. 2. Previous stroke: People who have previously suffered a stroke or a “mini stroke” (Transient ischemic attack or TIA) are at higher risk. Survivors of stroke or TIA are at risk of new vascular events. Statistics show that a previous stroke or TIA increases the risk of a future stroke in the next 5 years by 25 to 40 percent. 3. Heredity: Risk is greater if a parent, grandparent or sibling has had a stroke. Family history of both parents may be related to increased stroke risk. Genetic predisposition has been documented in humans and studies have shown that monozygotic twins have a 5- fold increase in stroke incidence compared to dizygotic twins. 4. Race: Higher stroke rates are noted in African Americans, Hispanic Americans and the black race compared to the white one. African Americans have a much higher risk of death from stroke. Higher prevalence of stroke is also noted in the Chinese and Japanese population. 5. Gender: Men have a higher risk of stroke compared to women and...
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...In the biological unit, we analyzed the functions of the brain, hormones and neurotransmitters and human behavior which are just a few of the examples that concluded in a consensus providing individuals with robust knowledge of the course. In the sociocultural level of analysis, we discussed topics such as stereotypes, culture, social identity, conformity, and compliance. Many research studies have been performed regarding these topics resulting in a consensus and providing individuals with accurate knowledge of the subject matter. A topic that is widely debated in the biological unit and is contradicted by many psychologists' experiments that we evaluated is the theory of whether or not intelligence is inherited or developed over time. In the sociocultural unit, we examined the social cognitive learning theory which states that behavior from members of a group, is based on the observed consequences of that behavior; this theory was developed by Albert Bandura and is proven to be a valid theory resulting in consensus and...
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...a 12. b 13. a 14. a 15. b Written 1. a. Approach 1 – to study adopted children. The adopted children’s traits are compared with their birthparents and the adoptive parents to compute heritability Approach 2 – to study identical twins that were raised apart. Therefore any of their similar traits must be related to heritability as they share all the same genes. These are also compared with traits of fraternal twins to obtain a better estimate. b. No you should practice if you want to keep improving. While some genes may make you a better flute player than average, you still require practice to improve your play. Many genes and gene expression influence musical ability, and these alone will not make you an excellent player. 2. The fatal flaw here, is that black children and white children have a much different upbringing on average. Black children grow up with worse nutrition, self-belief that they are not as smart, etc. The example used in the book relates this to two genetically identical tomato plants will grow differently depending on their environment. If one plant is grown with poor soil and light then it will grow poorly. These different growing pots can be related to the childhoods or growing pots of black and white children. They are much different, are therefore you cannot imply that black IQs are lower due to genetics. 3. In Milgram’s study the participants obeyed the demands only when the experimenter was in close proximity...
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...I agree on it being a mix. A lot of our characteristics are already in our genes, aspects of race that are being passed by from generation to generation. Those are the things we acquire to survive, things that are mainely based on our environment, and due to evolution these things get embedded in our system. So, in a way, I believe that the Nature aspects are in fact influenced by our environment. The Nurture aspects influence the Nature aspects and vice versa. The skills we are born with influence the things we pick up from our environment. Cause and effect.A big debate in psychology is nature vs nurture. The argument is as to whether a person's gene's (nature) mold them into an individual or whether their environment and how they are raised plays a part. The nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest issues in psychology. The debate centers on the relative contributions of genetic inheritance and environmental factors to human development. Some philosophers such as Plato and Descartes suggested that certain things are inborn, or that they simply occur naturally regardless of environmental influences. Other well-known thinkers such as John Locke believed in what is known as tabula rasa, which suggests that the mind begins as a blank slate. According to this notion, everything that we are and all of our knowledge is determined by our experience. For example, when a person achieves tremendous academic success, did they do so because they are genetically predisposed to...
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...LESSON FIVE & SIX – ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT EATING DISORDERS ------------------------------------------------- Specification link: You will be able to outline and evaluate: ------------------------------------------------- Biological, including neural and evolutionary, explanations of anorexia nervosa ------------------------------------------------- Psychology explanations of anorexia nervosa Outline and description of theories | Research evidence and commentary | IntroductionThe DSM-IV Rev identifies three categories of eating disorder: * Anorexia nervosa 1. AN -restricting type – refusal to eat 2. AN- binge eating/purging type – episodes of binge eating followed by removal of food from the body by vomiting, laxatives, or enemas.Both of these are associated with significant weight loss and the other symptoms of AN. * Bulimia nervosa – episodes of binging followed by removal of food from the body by vomiting, laxatives, or enemas (no significant weight loss). * Eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS)The four major symptoms of anorexia nervosa are: * The body weight is 85% or less of normal weight for age and height * Distorted perception of body weight/shape, and/or denial that the weight loss is severe * Intense fear of becoming fat * Loss of three consecutive menstrual cycles in women (amenorrhoea)Anorexia nervosa (AN) and Bulimia nervosa (BN) have much in common, particularly a dissatisfaction with body weight and/or shape....
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...the literal definition, according to Webster’s dictionary, hate is the feeling or animosity toward someone[1]. Another widely accepted description of hatred is that it’s very similar to love, often blinding, and making people prone to believe things that are definitely not true. Oftentimes, many of us fall victim to this, and feelings of animosity and prejudice begin to stir in our minds; sometimes these feelings are reflected in our actions. What’s more, the sad part is that same prejudice and feelings of hatred have no backbone—they can’t be supported by anything except fear. It was discussed earlier that you cannot just suddenly decide to change your skin tone or gender, or anything along those lines. It isn’t as if one asked to be White, Black, Hispanic, Native American, nor male or female. In the advanced, scientific society in which we live in today, it is a known fact that the genes present in your family tree predetermine all...
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...characters and various events and instances it encompass. Ms Roy refers to the metaphor “the heart of darkness” in the novel which is a sort of ridiculous reference to Conrad’s novel the heart of darkness. She says that, “in Ayemenem, in the heart of darkness, I talk not about the White man, but about the Darkness, about what the Darkness is about.” (Frontline, August 8, 1997). The God of Small Things tells the story of one family in the town of Ayemenem in Kerala, India. The temporal setting shifts back and forth from 1969, when Rahel and Estha, a set of fraternal twins are 7 years old, to 1993, when the twins are reunited at age 31. The novel begins with Rahel returning to her childhood home in Ayemenem, India, to see her twin brother Estha, who has been sent to Ayemenem by their father. Events flash back to Rahel and Estha’s birth and the period before their mother Ammu divorced their father. Then the narrator describes the funeral of Sophie Mol, Rahel and Estha’s cousin, and the point after the funeral when Ammu went to the police station to say that a terrible mistake had been made. Two weeks after this point, Estha was returned to his father. The narrator briefly describes the twins’ adult lives before they return to Ayemenem. In the present, Baby Kochamma gloats that Estha does not speak to Rahel just...
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...Chapter 1 The twins Madame Benetton wore a suit blouse and her long straight hair was loosened on her shoulder. She had dyed her hair into yellowish-brown to cover her growing graying brown hair. She walked up the stairs to reach her children. She walked into her daughter’s room. Her room was a square studio size with purple-painted wall. A white plastic table with a laptop in a sleeping mood was sat in front of the window. There were tons of books stacked beside her laptop with a book opened on the middle of the desk. There was a purple book rack beside her bed stuffed with neatly arranged of different kinds of book, like Oxford English Dictionary, encyclopedia, non-fiction and fiction books, etc. While her purple and white wardrobe is beside the entrance to her bathroom. There were lots of quotes pasted on the wall. “She must be slept late yesterday.” Madame Benetton thought. She walked to the window and pulled aside the purple velvet curtain. The sunlight was beaming into the room. The dimly lit room had suddenly brightened up. Collins’s eyes were hurt. She pulled her purple, cotton-like blanket to cover her head. She was totally unaffected and continued her dream with a slightly snoring sound. “Sweetums, it’s time to wake!’Madame Benetton said. “Come on! Get up! Quickly! You’ll be late for school!’ Collins suddenly sat bolt upright with her eyes wide opened when she heard SCHOOL. She got up and headed to bathroom. ‘I already ironed your school uniform. I already hung...
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...from our biological parents or does the environments in which we are raised contribute to how we turn out as adults. Sometimes it seems that that there is no black or white answer to the age-old question of what contributes to human behavior, personality, and psychopathology. There are common traits within biological parents that children can pick up but it seems that in some cases, children can be adaptive to their environment. So we shall examine this curiosity that takes us into finding out whether we are genetically inherit to some of the biological traits of our parents or if living in certain environments develop our social well being. There have been studies into schizophrenia and the genetic traits that may be passed on to the children. The study was conducted to observe children who had biological parents who suffered from schizophrenia and their adoptive parents showed no signs of the illness. The study was also conducted on children from biological parents who showed no signs of schizophrenia adopted by a parent who later showed signs or family history of the illness. The research showed that although there is no definitive answer for what causes schizophrenia, children whose biological parents that suffered from schizophrenia had a higher recidivism rate for contracting the disease. “This study also showed that the adoptees whose biological parents suffered from schizophrenia had a higher likelihood of schizophrenia or other related disorders when the...
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...versus personal experiences ("nurture") in determining individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. There have been many theories formulated to explain why humans behave the way they do. Explanations vary from demonology to magnetic fluids controlling people's behaviors. Toby Epstein Jayaratne’s article entitled “The Perennial Debate: Nature, Nurture, or Choice? Black and white Americans’ explanation for individual differences” attempts to persuade readers that choice is just as an influential factor as genetics or the environment by examining a group of black and white Americans to determine which of the three factors are most responsible for their differences. The author argues that in order to account for a person’s behavior, their explanation or beliefs about what causes them is very influential in determining the behaviors they exude. To provide evidence for his topic and determine whether or not choice was a factor in how an individual behaves, Toby Epstein Jayaratne used a questionnaire and intensive interviews to survey 1200 individuals, in which half were black and the other half white with the same percentage of women and men within each group. The participants were asked to indicate how much of each factor they believed influenced their differences in...
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...Chapter 1 Title: Pranic Healing and Meditation, its effectiveness against stress and anxiety for University of Makati second year nursing students. Background of the Study Pranic healing is a type of complementary medicine or therapy that uses energy or prana to harmonize or transform the body’s energy processes. Prana is a Sanskrit word that means life-force. This life-force or energy helps the body to maintain homeostasis and a state of good health. In some other complementary medicines like acupuncture, this energy is called as Chi. It is also called as Ruach in Hebrew. It is said that pranic healing is a simple yet powerful and effective system of no-touch energy healing. It is based on the fundamental principles that the body is a self-repairing living entity that possesses the ability to heal itself and that the healing process is accelerated by increasing this life force that readily available from the sun, air, and ground to address physical and emotional imbalances. Master Choa Kok Sui, the founder of pranic healing, says “Life Energy or prana is all around us. It is persuasive; we are actually in an ocean of Life Energy. Based on the principle, a healer can draw Pranic Energy or Life Energy from the surroundings. But above all of these, how do we measure stress? One way is the Perceived Stress Scale. This instrument is a measure of the degree which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. Items were designed to tap how unpredictable, uncontrollable...
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