...Animals Matter Too! Animal testing is cruel, immoral, and completely wrong. 50- 100 million animals are annually used to provide research for scientists, in the U.S. alone. More than 95 % of those are killed. Some research on animals provide information used for solving biological and medical problems, but most are used for testing commercial products and cosmetics for toxicity. Animal Testing and experimentation, used specifically for commercial products is indecent and callous. Tests are carried in a number of places, including; universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, and commercial facilities. Usually animals are tested with toxic chemicals, which supply scientists with information on the right dosage of chemicals and ingredients in a certain product. This almost always kills the animals, and that isn’t right! Toxic and mephitic chemicals kill defenceless, innocent animals. In the U.S. every 10.5 seconds, an animal dies because of poisonous drug compounds. Approximately 10,000 primates are used in scientific laboratories annually (Europe alone. 1/3 of that number are just in Great Britain.) This is appalling and unethical. There are 3 common types of tests. The most horrific is the Draize Eye Test, which tests shampoos, weed-killers, pesticides, and detergents. They are tested on animals’ eyes to check for irritancy and toxicity responses in the optical area/region. Then there is The LD50 test (lethal dose 50%), which tests cosmetics such as lipsticks...
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...making is harm free to animals. Many tests are far from cruelty free. There are thirteen standardized tests for makeup testing, most of them being on animals (Siegel-Maier). The most common are the Draize and LD50 (Siegel-Maier). If testing on animals is more expensive and less accurate why choose that over other alternatives. Testing makeup on animals is immoral, ineffective, and unnecessary. Testing makeup on animals is immoral, it is cruel. There are many tests for makeup products that are done on innocent animals. The tests are taken on guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, mice, and sometimes hamsters to ensure safety if product is swallowed, inhaled, or has made contact with skin or eyes, etc.. Diarrhea, convulsions, bleeding from mouth, seizures, paralysis, or death may occur in all of these tests (“Cosmetics”).The test used for substances being swallowed is acute oral toxicity. Seven rats are to swallow an amount of substance and determine which amount cause half of them to die, which is a lot like LD50 (“Cosmetics”). The rat's throat is...
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... One of the most prominent results of speciesism is animal experimentation. Some people view this form of testing as a perfectly adequate way to make advancements in science, whereas others see it as a violation of animal rights. Therefore, my goal in this paper is to answer the question:...
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...Animal and Human Research Ethics Paper In any aspect of life, the well being of oneself comes before any other considerations. With in mind, medicine has a very similar view. The health and prosperity of the human race comes before any other considerations. This brings about the grounds for the practice of nonhuman animal testing. With this, professional and ethical issues are raised and must be explored in order for a conclusive answer to be given. The statement that “animals have rights” is one that very few people will disagree with. There are those, however, who see animal cruelty as a form of entertainment. The ethical question then arises asks whether the “cruelty” against an animal can be benefited for humans or should humans benefit from themselves. It is evident that the human race is at the pinnacle of creation as they have achieved progressive heights that cannot be matched by any other species. Unfortunately, animal research has been a fundamental part of their continued progress. Since Aristotle, animals have been used utilized for the benefit of humans. The question of why this has occurred for some time is because they had no other alternative than direct human testing. Man has come a long way and must find seek other testing techniques that are advanced in order to eliminate this harmful practice. One possibility is from Professor Joordens in which he indicates that humans should test on humans who have the desired disease. This would bring about greater...
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...Animal Testing I. Speech Overview: Slide 1 A. General Purpose: To inform B. Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, my audience will be able to know the history about animal testing and the pros and cons about it. C. Thesis Statement: I’m going to talk about the history of animal testing, its pros, and its cons. II. Introduction: D. Attention Getting Device: An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals are used to develop medical treatments, determine the toxicity of medications, check the safety of products destined for human use, and other biomedical, commercial, and health care uses. E. Tie to Audience: Many may not really be interested in this type of subject but animal testing is done on an everyday basis, to have our everyday essentials, like shampoo or cosmetics. F. Speaker Credibility: Having a dog at home made me curious on picking this subject for this speech. I personally didn’t really know a lot about animal testing until I started researching. There are many different opinions on why it should continue and why it should end. G. Thesis Statement: I’m going to talk about the history of animal testing, its pros, and its cons. (Transition: Every year there are tens of millions of animals used as testing material for many purposes.) III. Speech Body slide 2 A. Animal testing goes back thousands of years there’s...
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...Animal Experimentation: Unethical or Unnatural? Animal research has had a vital role in many scientific and medical advances of the past century and continues to aid our understanding of various diseases. Throughout the world, people enjoy a better quality of life because of these advances, and the subsequent development of new medicines and treatments are all made possible by animal research. However, the use of animals in scientific and medical research has been a subject of heated debate for many years. Opponents to any kind of animal research, including both extreme sides of animal-activist groups believe that animal experimentation is cruel and unnecessary, regardless of its purpose or benefit. There is no middle ground for these groups; they want the immediate and total abolition of all animal research. If they succeed, it would have enormous and severe consequences for scientific research. Animal experimentation has been practiced since ancient times, when the ancient Greeks killed and dissected animals for scientific and religious purposes. Vivisection continued throughout ancient times and into the Christian era, becoming a replacement for human dissection when the Catholic Church banned autopsies. Animals were treated as insensitive objects, mere automatons incapable of pain or emotion. By the 1800s, science and medicine were moving forward at unprecedented rates. Germs were discovered and vaccines invented; pills were created and diseases eradicated. Animals were...
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...proves to demonstrate sufficient results, the use of animal experimentation is still a controversial issue. Many people argue that it contradicts moral and ethical values because it makes innocent animals suffer or even die. As a result, social activists declare that animal testing must be forbidden on the legislative level, due to the negative consequences which it can cause on the health of animals. However, one cannot agree with the statement because animal testing is the essential condition of the scientific progress and innovation in the medical area. First of all, it must be stated that due to the use of animal testing, scientists managed to find treatment for some serious or even mortal human...
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...18.0 Bioethical Issues 18.1 Biotech & Human Health MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Who was the physician who created the oath that is taken by all doctors? |a. |Socrates | |b. |Hippocrates | |c. |Galileo | |d. |Reed | 2. It looks promising that stem cell research will provide a cure for what disease? |a. |Diabetes | |b. |Parkinson’s | |c. |Lung cancer | |d. |Both a and b | 3. What is one of the greatest ethical questions in biotechnology? |a. |When does life begin? | |b. |When does life end? | |c. |Should sex changes be allowed? | |d. |Is it moral to transplant organs? | 4. Which president halted further stem cell research from human embryos? |a. |Ronald Reagan | |b. |Jimmy Carter | |c. |Bill Clinton | |d. |George W. Bush | 5. Injuries to the nervous system are difficult to treat...
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...“The Possession Of Knowledge Carries An Ethical Responsibility.” Evaluate This Claim. –Seo Yeon Choi- Theory of Knowledge Essay Topic: “The Possession of Knowledge Carries an Ethical Responsibility” Evaluate The Claim. School: Auckland International College School Number: 001495 Candidate Name: Seo Yeon Choi Candidate Number: 001495-010 Session: May 2013 Teacher: Beate Wiebel Word Count: 1480 “The Possession Of Knowledge Carries An Ethical Responsibility.” Evaluate This Claim. –Seo Yeon Choi- After reading the claim, „The possession of knowledge carries an ethical responsibility‟, I first thought what does „ethical responsibility‟ means. Considering that ethics is the study that debates what is right or wrong and thus govern one‟s behaviour1, I have decided that „ethical responsibility‟ is the obligation of a person in making moral choices which lead to a better society. For example, if one person saw a hit-and-run case and the victim is shouting for help, then that person has the ethical responsibility to rescue that person. I, also, once experienced a dilemma whether to bear an ethical responsibility or not. I saw a person beating a dog, but even though I had that knowledge, I did not call out for help or call the police. As one of a wide array of people who ignored the „ethical responsibility‟ even though one carried the knowledge at that particular period of time, I sometimes admired, but did not fully understand those who chose to help others or make better...
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...What was the most interesting quote or passage in the chapter and why? I found the most interesting passage to be when Sprunt had climbed the Ciba-Geigy water tower but instead of a confrontation, he was “offered lunch”. Given that Sprunt was trespassing and legally in the wrong, I would have expected Ciba-Geigy to order him to come down. However, it is possible Sprunt was not forced down due to the dangerous conditions that could have resulted in injury. Not forcing Sprunt to come down was one of the first times Toms River Chemical seemed to actually care about people’s safety; probably because media outlets were watching their every move. 2. What is one new thing you learned from reading this chapter? I learned about the environmental group...
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...It’s A Meat World Why Humans Should Continue to Eat Meat Have you ever driven a long way on the highway or looked around the city you live in and seen all the billboards and advertisements that have something to do with food. Everywhere you look, you see advertisements for meat products whether in the form of fast food burger restaurants or the latest meat product from Tyson. However, you look the other way and you see advertisements promoting vegetarianism and campaigns against animal cruelty and the use of animals for food products. Whether eating meat is ethical or not is one of the most debated topics in the world. Vegetarians are against eating meats and Vegans are against eating any products from animals including eggs and dairy products. They believe that eating meats or animal products is immoral, unethical, and selfish. Campaign groups like PETA fight for the rights of these animals and believe that ultimately all people should stop eating meat. Vegetarians, vegans, and other animal activists believe people should not consume animal products; however, they should reconsider their views because it is a part of our history and traditions, it helps the ecosystem to stay in equilibrium, and animals are harmed in the production of meat alternatives. Although vegetarians, vegans, and other animal activists believe that humans were never meant to eat meat; they should reconsider their views because it is a part of our history and traditions as Americans as well as...
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...The Ethical Issue of Homosexuality Oct. 31, 2011 Homosexuality is defined as the romantic and sexual attraction to a member of the same sex. The conclusion that the behavioral and social sciences, as well as the health and mental professions is that homosexuality is a normal human sexual orientation. (Bell, Weinberg & Hammersmith) (Bullough) (Ford & Beach) (Kinsey, Pomeroy, & Martin) (Kinsey, Pomeroy, Martin, & Gebhard ) Homosexuality was once looked at as a mental disorder, and was listed as such in medical journals until 1973, and to this day scientists can only theorize as to what actually causes someone to become homosexual. Some believe it has a biological nature, while others believe not only that it is a mental disorder, but a tool of a being named Satan. Barbara Blewster, a member of the Arizona State Legislature was quoted as saying, "The perversion that follows homosexuality is bestiality and then human sacrifice and cannibalism." This is where the ethical issues of homosexuality arise. The issue ranges from attitudes like Mrs. Blewster’s who believe homosexuality to be an abomination and a sin, to those who feel that discrimination and hate toward someone who was just “born that way” is unethical. This leads us into the question of homosexual marriage. Should homosexuals be granted the same holy matrimony that heterosexual couples have? The first recorded depiction of homosexuality was found in Mesopotamia, circa 3000 BC where artifacts...
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...Animal Rights Priscilla Peterman University of Phoenix Com/156 Instructor James Christianson This research paper is going to discuss a major concern with the issue of animal rights and how people view this critical issue. Animals deserve rights, and these rights should annihilate the many problems with animal abuse, abandonment, and animal experimentation. Animals deserve the same rights as humans. Animals, subsequently dating back to the days of Ancient Greece, have always held a place in the hearts of humans. And for so long as this animal human relation existed, so did the realism of taking care of the animals, whether it be in the form of love, care and equal rights. The idea that we are all born with essential rights, such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, is important to our society, mainly to the ideas stated in the United States Constitution. Though, humanities inconsiderately demean this principle by denying that animals share these rights. Animals are just as titled to the rights of living, avoiding pain, and pursuing happiness as humans are. Yet still we exploit and abuse them cruelly, most often without a second thought. The use of animals in biomedical research, segmentation, testing and education, deprives animals of their natural rights and is a great injustice. We must believe that this is completely intolerable, and we should find more humane as well as...
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...Biology Gene Technology People have been altering the genomes of plants and animals for many years using traditional breeding techniques; this is an artificial selection that organisms that exhibits specific traits are chosen to breed. In recent decades, however, advances in the field of genetic engineering have allowed for precise control over the genetic changes introduced into an organism. (Theresa Phillips, 2008)Today, we can incorporate new genes from one species into a completely unrelated species through genetic engineering, optimizing agricultural performance or facilitating the production of valuable pharmaceutical substances. Some examples of genetically modified organisms are plants, animals and bacteria. Genetically modified organisms are all organism that has had a gene from one organism implanted into another organism in order to improve or change the genetic makeup of that organism. It can also be referred to as transgenic, due to the process being the transfer of genes from one organism to another. Other names also referred to are biotechnology, gene splicing, genetic engineering, or recombinant DNA technology, all of which meant the same thing as genetically modified crops. [ (Enquiries, 2007) ]Transferring genes from one organism to another, to enhance or improve that organism. Genetic Modification is done in a laboratory by extracting the desired genes from the organism and then implanting them into the other organism. When food is genetically modified...
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...such as diabetes, or Alzheimer’s along with the development of new medications. Three types of stems cells exist embryonic, adult, and foetal, which are found in human tissue and animals. This paper will highlight ethical dilemmas of stem cell research. It will also stress the effects stem cell research has on global health. The paper will also feature health policies on stem cell research in the United States and how these policies differ from international policies. Ethical Dilemmas Posed by Stem Cell Research Several ethical issues need to be considered on the use of this type of research, such as the safety, legality, and morality of stem cell research. Stem cell research requires the general population to pick among two moral principles. The first one is the obligation of preventing and alleviating suffering and the obligation to respect and value human life. The use of embryos for stem cells research results in “...the destruction of blastocysts formed from laboratory-fertilized human eggs” (Mukhopadhyay, Tokas, & Mathur, 2011, p. 283). This means that one must destroy an embryo to obtain this stem cell, which means killing a person. Many people believe that life starts at conception. These blastocysts are a life form and to use them mean the killing of a life, which is unethical and immoral. On the other hand stem cell research is important because this research can help with the discovery of cures for...
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