...clothing and shelter” (1), this means that you live in such a way that, literally, you have to survive the present day, and so on and so on. I chose this topic because I’ve made friendships with poor people in my district. This opened my eyes to a reality I was aware that it existed but I was not conscious of how unforgiving and tough to live on it was. I’ve overheard people every so often ask “why don’t they just get jobs?” It is this sort of ignorance on how actually the economic opportunities works which made me choose this subject, as I was once one of those uninformed persons as well. This...
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...world is the mixed also known as the Cradle-to-Grave Welfare. The question is Should Canada and the United States have a common economic system with little government involvement? I will talk about mixed and market economic system and my opinions on both as well as which one is more beneficial for Canada. Market system, This economic system has become less and less popular through the years for numerous reasons. For an example in a market economy there is a huge gap between the rich and the poor, this is because when you are at the top of the market it is easy to control what is happening and what to do with what you have. When you are at the bottom it is difficult to get going and you will most likely be getting scammed by the people at the top. Another reason why a most of the world has gone away from this style is because there is no government to help you out if needed. For example in the united states they have no health care, this is a problem for the lower paid...
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...The economic could fail if there is not enough competition. In a mixed market economy, the government helps prevent monopolies and to ensure competition (Economics, pg 39). With the competition, motivation is created to strive to be successful. The goals that a mixed market economy is trying to accomplish are economic freedom, economic efficiency, economic equity and economic security. Theses are all advantages for economic success. (Economics pgs 41-43) The advantages are very numerous. The biggest advantage is the economic freedom the citizens have. Buyers and sellers have the freedom of voluntary exchange. Buyers and sellers freely decide whether to complete transaction of not. Another advantage is the competition from other business. The competition between companies creates a variety of advantages from consumers. The prices get lowered and there is more variety. The competition between businesses creates economic efficiency. Using resources efficiently produces more products and fewer wastes creating a larger profit. Another advantage is economic equity; this prevents discrimination in the work place. Economic security is an advantage as well. This protects people with disabilities or retirees. Also, there is a high degree of costumer satisfaction because of the freedom of the citizens and the people can adapt to changes. (Economics pgs 37-38) The government in a mixed market economy is limited but not as much as that in a market...
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...(hurricane, flood, blizzard, forest fire, etc.)? Why? (9 points) Describe and explain why a socialist system might be the best in responding to the needs of people struck by an emergency situation like the earthquake that occurred in Haiti in January 2010. (9 points) Use the laws of supply and demand to explain why the cost to heat our homes and businesses goes up in the winter time. Be sure to explain your answer fully (9 points) Include APA style in-text citations, as well as a reference section. (3 points) Economic system is the policies that define a society’s particular economic structure. The rules by which a society allocates economic resources. Communism * State ownership of all major productive resources * Absence of economic classes * Few opportunities for entrepreneurship Socialism * State ownership of certain productive resources * Managed efforts to minimize dramatic differences between economic classes * Opportunities for entrepreneurship, with varying degrees of restrictions Capitalism * Private ownership of most productive resources * Few efforts to minimize differences between economic classes * Government policies actively support entrepreneurship All economic systems are based on certain fundamental principles about how a country should allocate its resources to satisfy the needs of its citizens. Most modern economies exhibit a combination of capitalism. In practice, no economy is really free. Local, state, national,...
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...National Differences in Political Economy Learning objectives • Understand how the political systems of countries differ. • Understand how the economic systems of countries differ. • Understand how the legal systems of countries differ. • Be able to explain what determines the level of economic development of a nation. • Discuss the macro-political and economic changes taking place worldwide. • Describe how transition economies are moving towards market based systems. • Articulate the implications for management practice of national differences in political economy. This chapter discusses differences in national political, economic, and legal systems, highlighting the ways in which managers in global settings need to be sensitive to these differences. Political differences are described along two dimensions: collectivist vs. individualist and democratic vs. totalitarian. Economic systems are explored in terms of market characteristics: market economies, command economies, and mixed economies. Legal systems are discussed in terms of the protections they offer for business: intellectual property, product safety, liability and contracts. The opening case explores the political and economic situation in Venezuela since Hugo Chavez was elected president in 1998. The closing case describes the challenges facing Indonesia, a vast country populated mainly by Muslims that stretches over 17,000 islands. Indonesia...
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...International Political Economy Contents 1.0 Explanation of: 3 1.1 Free Market System 3 1.2 Command System 3 1.2 Mixed Economy System 4 1.4 Islamic Economic System 5 2.0 Introduction 6 3.0 Description of the Malaysian Economic System 7 4.0 What caused the failure of the Free Market System in Malaysia 10 5.0 How does the Government intervene? 11 Reference 13 1.0 Explanation of: 1.1 Free Market System Free market system is an economy where the question is answered by and controlled by the people. It is a market based economy that depends on the law of supply and demand. The values of properties and facilities are set by the participants in the market i.e. suppliers, vendors, businesses, and consumers, in which the government has no role in setting any rules or regulations of prices and resources. In other words, the government does not interfere. It can be often referred to as Barter Trading. Both parties voluntarily agree to exchange something for the other to which he holds value. Which goods are to be produced are defined by the demand and supply rule. In a free market the products chosen by the consumers survive, a deficiency happens at time when consumers need to obtaining more than manufacturers produce. A surplus happens while creators want to sell more than customers wish to buy. Unavailability of a manufactured goods commonly result in value growths in a market economy; surpluses typically consequence in cost reductions. The disadvantages...
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...Global Business Today 6e by Charles W.L. Hill McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 2 National Differences in Political Economy Introduction Question: What is the political economy of a country? A country’s political economy refers to its political, economic, and legal systems These systems are interdependent, and interact and influence each other A country’s political system has major implications for the practice of international business 2-3 Political Systems A political system is the system of government in a nation Political systems can be assessed in terms of the degree to which they emphasize collectivism as opposed to individualism in terms of the degree to which they are democratic or totalitarian 2-4 Classroom Performance System The political, economic and legal systems of a country are called a) Political systems b) Economic systems c) Legal systems d) Political economy 2-5 Collectivism and Individualism Collectivism refers to a system that stresses the primacy of collective goals over individual goals Collectivism can be traced to the ancient Greek philosopher Plato Today, socialists support collectivism When collectivism is emphasized, the needs of the society as whole are generally viewed as being more important than individual freedoms 2-6 Collectivism and Individualism Socialism Modern socialists trace their roots to Karl Marx who advocated state...
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...a) Identify and describe the 3 economic systems that govern economies around the world. 3 Economic Systems There are three types of economic systems that govern economies around the world. These are Traditional Economy, Market Economy and Command Economy. 1. Traditional Economy: This economy system is based on traditions. Economic decisions are based on customs, beliefs and traditions of the community, family, clan or tribe. At one time most people lived in traditional economies. In modern times this system still exists in rural and non-developed countries. Under this system, economic decisions are based on customs, religion and culture.. An Individual’s roles and choices are based on customs of past generations. This economic system often uses bartering and trading of goods although this may be limited because there is very little surplus produced. A disadvantage of this system is that it tends to discourage modern technology and the lack of progress tends to lower the standard of living. As a result modern technology is not prevalent in this type of economic systems The supporters of this type of economy believe that this system offers the advantage of stability and preserves the spiritual and cultural aspects of life. To summarize individuals in this system base their decision on past customs as opposed to having the freedom in making economic choices 2. Market Economy: This system of economy is based on supply and demand. It represents a free market...
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...like the Toronto Stock Exchange, is another example of a market. This is a market in which people can buy or sell shares. This chapter will review how the different countries of the world are divided between those that follow the concepts of command economies - socialism and communism - and those that have adopted a market economic system - capitalism and a mixed economy. The pursuit of social, economic, and political goals; the treatment, use, and motivations of the workforce; and market dynamics are different under each of the two approaches. Many countries have changed their economic systems. The strength of an economic system, or the economy overall, has a major impact on business. Canada enjoys a mixed economy. As such, economic concepts such Gross Domestic Product (GDP), productivity, unemployment rates, inflation, Consumer Price Index (CPI), and the overall business cycle, need to be carefully and continuously monitored, understood, and analyzed. Learning Goals Key Concept/Learning Goal | Summary | Explain what capitalism is and how free markets work. | Capitalism is an economic system in which all or most of the factors of production and distribution (e.g., land, factories, railroads, and stores) are privately owned (not owned by the government) and are operated for profit. In capitalist countries, business people decide what to produce, how much to pay workers, how...
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...referred to mixed economy because it involves both private and public ownership of resources, and good and services are produced and provided by both the government and privately owned companies. Canada’s system is often referred to a capitalist system because we allow and also encourage the private ownership of capital, that is, the plants, factories, equipment, and so forth that are used to produce and provide goods and services. India has a Mixed Market economy meaning it uses a variety of government regulation to control the economy, but relies primarily on market that forces to set prices and demand and uses general principles of capitalism. India is having a mixed economic structure. It is neither fully capitalist nor fully socialistic. It is neither completely an open system nor a fully free market system. The key variables in the choice of this economic design are: people's welfare, equitable distribution of wealth and income, a logical link between employment and incomes, restraining monopolies and concentration of power and wealth, and supporting health and education sectors through government subsidies and political strength. India has a mixed economy. Half of India's workers rely on agriculture, the signature of a traditional economy. One third of its workers are employed by the services industry, which contributes two-thirds of India's output. The productivity of this segment is made possible by India's increasing move toward a market economy. Since the...
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...Chapter 1: Q: You are a U.S. citizen recently assigned as the manager of distribution in a European country where bribery is relatively acceptable. Your job description includes responsibility for accepting shipments as they enter the local port authority. On your first trip down to the docks to sign for a shipment, the customs agent in charge asks for a “tip” to clear the goods for pickup. The value of the incoming shipment is around $150,000. Knowing that the government has recently launched an initiative to reduce corruption, how do you react? If additional information would be helpful to you, what would it be? Min 700 words (this includes the question)A: To my point of view as a manager this would be a very difficult situation. To begin I would be in a complete different country, which means and I know the customs, rules, and laws are not the same. First I would need additional information such as, what would the governments initiative consist of. For example if the government’s initiative consist of making bribery illegal. Also if people could report a bribery, to the police and it would be considered a crime. Or even if people would be willing to work undercover to see which of the major companies are participating in bribery or supporting it. In my opinion this would be since I would work for a company that receives goods through the port. Also I would need to know more of my company. For example what if this bribery or “tip” occurs only for companies that are surrounded...
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...Learning for a Manager What is Economics? And why managers need to study economics Economics is the study of system, where valuable commodities are produced and services exploited, using the scarce resources available to the system at the most optimum level. Scarce resources denote that resources available to the economy are limited and scarce, in relation to it wants are unlimited hence proper choices and their efficient use becomes the necessity. Economic environment have a very strong impact on the business performance so knowledge of economics helps the manager in understanding the impact of policies and enables them to identify the opportunities and threat due to it, faster and more accurately. The economic analysis can be subdivided into two important theories: microeconomics and macroeconomics. * Macroeconomics: It is the study of economic system as a whole i.e. total production, total consumption, total savings and total investment. The study of macroeconomics is indispensable as it is the main agent for formulation and successful execution of government economic policies. It is also indispensable for the formulation of microeconomic models. * Microeconomics: It is the study of economic behaviour of the individual unit, maybe a person, a particular household, or a particular firm. It is a study of one particular unit rather than all the units combined together. In microeconomics, we study the various units of the economy, how they function and how they reach their...
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...CHAPTER 4: Quick Study 1 1. Q: Define economic system. What is the relation between culture and economics? A: An economic system consists of the structure and processes that a country uses to allocate its resources and conduct its commercial activities. A nation’s economy tends to express individual or group values as reflected in its history and culture. However, no economy is focused entirely on the group at the expense of individuals or vice versa. 2. Q: What is a centrally planned economy? Describe the link between central planning and communism. A: A centrally planned economy is one in which a nation’s government owns most of the land, factories, and other economic resources and plans nearly all economic activity. Karl Marx popularized the idea of central economic planning in the nineteenth century while promoting his belief in communism. Marx argued that market economies cannot be reformed—governments must be overthrown and economies replaced with more equitable “communist” systems. 3. Q: Identify several factors that contributed to the decline of centrally planned economies. A: Factors included: (1) failure to create economic value, (2) failure to provide incentives, (3) failure to achieve rapid growth, and (4) failure to satisfy customer needs. 4. Q: Describe China’s experience with central planning, and the challenges it faces. A: China always reserved a place for private initiative even in the early days of its implementation of communism in 1949...
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...Did the experience of emerging countries fully justify the prediction of neo-classical model of financial market globalization? Why or why not? Financial Globalization stems from the idea of Neoclassical Economics where efficient allocations of resources will bring prosperity to nations through globalization. Financial globalization is an aggregate concept that refers to increasing global linkages created through cross- border financial flows. The theory predicts the capital will flow from the more to less developed countries and all nations will gain as a result. However, in reality where market failures and information asymmetries exist, the results of financial globalizations are conflicting with its ideology. Especially in the emerging markets where the economies are even more highly distorted than the developed ones. Studies show mixed results regarding the effects of financial globalization on developing economies. Though the strong supporter of financial globalization are international organization such as IMF, World Bank and United Nations, many academics argued that the theory did not benefit the developing economies, yet worsening them. This essay will be critically analyzed the impacts of financial globalization on emerging countries in economic and social aspects. Growth In principle, financial globalization is greatly beneficial to economic growth in developing countries. Reduction in cost of capital, technology transfer and development of financial sectors...
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...beyond the control of business enterprise. These external factors are government factors, legal factors, physical factors and demographical factors. External environment or factors are also two types, micro environment and macro environment. Micro environment consist of suppliers, customers, market intermediaries, competitors and public. Micro environment is also known as operating environment. Another external environment or factors macro environment consists of non-economic environment, political environment, technological environment and socio-cultural environment etc. Business environment has some typical characteristics. It is a constantly changing system. Both short term and long term impact works on business environment. One of the most important characteristics of business environment is uncertainty. Task1 1(a) Identify the purposes of different types of organization There are many different types of organization in our socio-economic life. One organization is different from another organization. They are mission, goal, objective all are different. Some organization purpose is to earn profit, some are non-profit, some are built for mankind etc. let us discuss this different types organization and their purpose. Private organization: The purpose of a private organization is to produce quality products at low cost and become a renowned brand and a market leader. However their...
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