...Introduction Public transport plays a major role in the development of any country and therefore needs to be planned for and managed to ensure efficiency, control and reliability within the systems. There are quite a number of problems that the individual transport modes face in the city of Johannesburg municipality that could effectively be solved by thoroughly implementing an integrated public transport system. This system will involve a lot of transport planning and is will be responsible for the development of strategy and programmes to direct and manage both the private, business, and public transport systems throughout the City Of Johannesburg Municipal area towards a common council vision. The different public transport modes must be integrated with transport infrastructure on which they operate. The infrastructure should be designed to suit efficient and effective operations. Inefficient operations will require higher capacity infrastructure, with the solution to improve efficiencies and not providing costly extra infrastructure. The role of the transport system is to serve the movement needs of persons and goods. A number of different modes, or technologies, have developed over the years that provide different levels of efficiency for a variety of trip purposes, volumes and distances of travel. It is important to recognise the operational efficiency of a mode that makes use of a particular type and form of infrastructure. Cars require much more road infrastructure...
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...| |2014 | | | | | |Submitted to: | | |TAKRIMA SAYEDA | | |Lecturer | | | | | |University Of Dhaka | | | | | | | | |Course: THM 325 | |[BANGLADESH RAILWAYS – THE LIFE LINE OF THE COUNTRY] | | | | | |Prepared By: GROUP – ‘Knockout Knights’ | | | Group name : `Knockout Knights` Course code : THM - 325 Member’ |Name ...
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...economy which will generate good jobs, opportunities and resources so as to invest in the city and the people thus help them achieve their aspirations. As poor growth also affect the people who are less educated and the employment. * Looking at the demographic profile it is seen that Singaporeans are becoming better educated with 70% of citizens aged 25-29 have diploma qualifications and above. By 2030 the expected rise in PMET jobs will be nearly 50% to about 1.25 million compared to 850,000 today while the other non-PMET jobs are expected to fall by 20% to about 650,000 compared to 850,000 today. By 2030, two-third jobs will be held by Singaporeans compared to about half today. * To create this number of good jobs it is needed to i. remain competitive to tap Asia’s growth, ii. make a strong Singaporean workforce, iii. Complement the Singaporean core with the foreign workforce. * Creating more commercial and urban centres near homes would help meet higher aspirations and new lifestyle preferences. As currently the employment sector is in western region and in the city while the housing is in the north and northeast eastern regions so people have to travel all the way to the city and their offices resulting in congestion and high travelling cost everyday during peak hours therefore the need of more...
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...| |Your Guide for Travel and Hotels in Columbia | |When you hear the word vacation, what do you see in your mind? Vacations mean assorted things to assorted individuals. Some like to sight see while many others would | |enjoy nothing more than to spend the whole trip kicking back at the hotel pool. If you happen to be like me, you enjoy some of both options. On the one hand, because I| |have journeyed someplace different, I ought to visit some interesting local fare. But then again, if I use up all my time darting around from site to site, when I come| |home I will want another vacation to recuperate. To get the most from your vacation time, keep the following in mind when travelling to Columbia. | | | |The first thing you ought to do is resolve as much at the start as you can. That means things like interchanging currency when necessary, glancing at maps of the area,| |renting a means of transportation (did someone say Harley?), booking a flight, and selecting a hotel that fulfills your needs. The good news is, all of these jobs have| |become much easier and cheaper through the internet, so before contacting a travel agent, you could save some money by looking up...
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...lad, I wanted to feel the grasp of money and to always have money in my short and empty pockets. This is why I took the opportunity to go to America. The only way to get myself to America was by ship. I am a poor Irishman who can only afford to get anything by stealing. I am known by the names of PM or Patrick mugger or “mugtrick”. A young man, wearing a fine fitted suit, with blonde and silky hair with white dazzling skin was strolling on our dusty and old street in the most graceful and elegant ways. The sun had never grinned at our road. It had always punished the street with its aching and unforgivable heat. As I went to see what valuables he had in his wide pockets, I saw that he dropped an envelope of some sort. I went to tell him; however, I waited and thought for a second... I had thought to myself that maybe on the floor was a cheque or an envelope full of money so I waited as he passed and then I swooped down to the floor like an eagle and took the envelope. Feeling relieved I opened it... As I felt its rough texture on the palm of my dirty hands, I gasped in shock to find... A piece of paper? I read it and I saw my dream had finally come true: this piece of paper told my destiny; that piece of paper was none other than a ticket for America! I could finally travel to America in style by ship!!! When I read the name of the ship I gasped in amazement. It read: “Titanic, the Unsinkable Ship”. My heart was pumping like an athlete winning a gold medal, I had...
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...an author, global supply chain business adviser to the private sector, international trade adviser to the Obama administration, and U.S. clean energy delegate to the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperative. Wilkerson works with Bellwether Services, a consulting group in Atlanta, GA. In addition to strategic sourcing, Wilkerson consults on supply chain cost reduction as well as other sustainability issues. Wilkerson was previously employed by Pepsi-Cola, Nestle Purina, and Dannon Waters of North America. He is a Certified Professional in Supply Management and Certified Six Sigma Master Black Belt. His functional expertise includes global sourcing, global supply chain management, sales and operations planning, and sustainable supply chains. APQC: Why has green sourcing and sustainable procurement become an important topic? John Wilkerson: Leaders at organizations like Dell, AT&T, P&G, and the U.S. government understand our future environmental challenges and potential long-term global impact on business and consumers. These organizations now want their suppliers also to be socially responsible and environmentally fit. So they are putting pressure on their strategic sourcing teams to drive sustainable supply chain performance. Another driver is on the regulatory side. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has issued guidance to publicly traded companies, asking them to communicate their sustainability risks. Public companies have to show the environmental impact of their actions....
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...Private bus service: Is it a real service provider to the nation? Today, people have begun to express their frustration over the unfair increase of bus fares from time to time in the recent past. It has become the widespread subject of arguments among the public. A certain bus ownership has threatened an increase in bus fares on its own from September but the Transport Commission has categorically emphasised that transport permits would be revoked against any illegal increase of bus fares. This cold war between a particular bus ownership and the Government has become hot news in the media these days. It has been the practice throughout to raise bus fares every year irresponsibly with the approval of the Transport Commission without any reliable excuse. The increase in fuel prices were followed by another instance of raising private bus fares last February. Regrettably, the most affected are the middle class and the public with low incomes who use buses for their daily travel. In the interest of the general public, the Transport Commission is duty-bound to review if private bus services, after experience of 35 years, have won the confidence of commuters with such a remarkable service as pledged at the inauguration in 1978. Nationalisation With nationalisation of bus companies by the Bandaranaike Government in 1958, a longstanding progressive demand by the people, the Ceylon Transport Board which was the key body of national transport was established to provide an excellent...
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...TUI Marketing analyses of : [pic] I. INTRODUCTION TUI Group GmbH (Touristik Union International) is a German multinational travel and tourism company established in 1968 and headquartered in Hanover. First, it was an association with some medium-sized companies like Touropa, Scharnow-Reisen, Hummel Reise and Dr.Tigges-Fahrten. During 33 years, TUI joined airline companies and participated to different hotel brands. They also expended their company to Switzerland, Holland, Austria and Belgium. In 1998, they took acquisition of the group Hapag Touristik Union and 3 years later, in 2001, they became 100% subsidiary of an industrial and transportation Company named Preussag AG, which in the 1990’s decided to concentrate their company on tourism, shipping, and logistics. On 3 September 2007 the tourism division of TUI AG merged with First Choice Holidays PLC to create TUI Travel PLC, an international leisure travel group listed on the London Stock Exchange. TUI AG owns 43% of the new company, operating in 180 countries and serving 30 million customers. On March 2009, they decided to sell big parts of their important container shipping company Hapag Lloyd AG to the to the Albert Ballin consortium of investors. TUI retains a 43.3% stake in the firm and continues to wholly own and operate the cruise line Hapag-Lloyd Kreuzfahrten. This means that TUI has become a pure tourism oriented company. This...
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...rejected. Central to these leadership problems are a lack of vision, l imited integ r ity, lack of coura ge, inappropr iate langua ge, l imited understanding of true empowerment, and only a passing commitment to leadership as service. The argument concludes that while many modern leaders have been trained in the what and the how of change, the real problem lies in the fact that the why and the who gains remains largely mute. William (Bill) Burdett was born in 1896 in a small village in Northamptonshire, England. Like many of his generation, he fought in, what has been referred to ever since as, The Great War. Indeed, well in to his 80s, he could describe with vivid detail the Battle of Jutland and the scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow – events that came alive as he described, not what the history books said, but what he personally witnessed. And though he was not blessed with an unusual level of talent, or even with an extra stroke of luck, this simple man, born the son of a farm laborer and trained as a blacksmith, was remarkable in that he was, in every sense of the word, a gentleman. I can attest to that personally because he was my grandfather. Even were he not a special kind of person, Bill’s life was still extraordinary. Remarkable, because of one dominating factor: he was a true citizen of the twentieth century. Born into a...
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...CHAPTER 1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY PART I: THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY IN THE PAST A. THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM o The civilization of ancient Greece. Key event: The Olympic Games of 776 BC were the first international tourist event. o The Romans. Key event: First roads were built. o Early Christianity. Key event: Pilgrimages and visits to holy places. o 17th and 18th centuries. Key event: Nobility went on Grand Tours. Trips for health reasons to spa towns and seaside resorts. Stagecoaches and coaching inns developed. o 19th century. Key event: Steam transport (boats and trains). First organized tours and excursions by Thomas Cook. Growth of hotels and resorts in Europe. Introduction to traveller’s cheques and hotel vouchers. Birth of mass tourism. o Post-World War II . Key event: Paid holidays. More disposable income. Rowth of holidy camps ( accomodation and entertainment). Package holidays. The invention of jet engine. B. FOUNDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM’S TOURISM INDUSTRY o From 1960 to 1975 Key event: 09/07/1960: Vietnam Tourist Enterprise founded in the North (Only guests of the government were served; having no good conditions or potentials for tourism industry to develop; luxurious hotels, restaurants, bars, nightclubs were mainly in in the South). o From 1975 to 1989 Key event: - Late of 1975 to early of 1976: Tourists enterprises or agencies founded in many cities and provinces...
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...…………………………………………....8 2.5 Accessibility to shopping complexes, and medical facilities …………………………….…...10 3. The Bicycle modal share ………………………………11 4. Conclusion………………………………………………14 5. References………………………………………………15 Introduction It is important to remember that transport should be made accessible and affordable to people of all income groups. Poverty is seen as a relative concept, and the view is taken that we should not be considering one South African poverty problem, but rather strategies for developing the metropolitan, urban and rural poor households. The households have been further grouped into quintiles according to their incomes. In my quest to answer how likely trends are going to change, I will give an analysis of a broad range of transport issues. For example; the overall amount of travel; travel purpose; public transport accessibility, affordability and attitudes of customers; vehicle ownership; accessibility to shopping, education and medical facilities. The first issue that is apparent and seem to emerge from analysis is the difference between the rural and metro/urban poverty experiences. Secondly, there is an...
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...Beginning The first railway on Indian sub-continent ran over a stretch of 21 miles from Bombay to Thane. The idea of a railway to connect Bombay with Thane, Kalyan and with the Thal and Bhore Ghats inclines first occurred to Mr. George Clark, the Chief Engineer of the Bombay Government, during a visit to Bhandup in 1843. The formal inauguration ceremony was performed on 16th April 1853, when 14 railway carriages carrying about 400 guests left Bori Bunder at 3.30 pm "amidst the loud applause of a vast multitude and to the salute of 21 guns." The first passenger train steamed out of Howrah station destined for Hooghly, a distance of 24 miles, on 15th August, 1854. INDIAN RAILWAYS, the premier transport organisation of the country is the largest rail network in Asia and the world’s second largest under one management.Indian Railways is a multi-gauge, multi-traction system covering the following: |Track Kilometres |Broad Gauge |Metre Gauge |Narrow Gauge (762/610 mm) |Total | | |(1676 mm) |(1000 mm) | | | | |86,526 |18,529 |3,651 |108,706 | |Route Kilometres |Electrified |Total | |...
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...Master’s thesis M.Sc. in EU Business & Law An analysis of the European low fare airline industry - with focus on Ryanair Student: Thomas C. Sørensen Student number: 256487 Academic advisor: Philipp Schröder Aarhus School of Business September 13, 2005 1 Table of contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Preface 6 1.2. Research problem 6 1.3. Problem formulation 7 1.4. Delimitation 7 2. Science and methodology approach 2.1. Approaches to science 2.1.1. Ontology 2.1.1.1. Objectivism 2.1.1.2. Constructivism 2.1.2. Epismotology 2.1.2.1. Positivism 2.1.2.2. Hermeneutics 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 2.2. Methodology 2.2.1. Types of research 2.2.2. Types of data 2.2.2.1. Quantitative data 2.2.2.2. Qualitative data 2.2.2.3. Primary and secondary data 11 12 13 13 13 14 2.5 Reliability and validity 15 3. Theoretical framework 3.1. The structure of this thesis 16 3.2. Theory on strategy and competitive advantage 3.2.1. The Positioning School 3.1.1.1. Theory on Porter´s Five Forces model 3.2.1.2. Theory of Generic Strategies 3.2.2. The Resource-based School 3.2.2.1. Theory on SWOT analysis 18 24 20 23 25 27 4. The low fare airline business model 4.1. Introduction 28 4.2. Differences between the LFA model and the FSA model 4.2.1. The service factor 29 29 2 4.2.2. Turnaround times 4.2.3. Homogenous fleet 4.2.4. Point-to-point travel vs hub-and-spoke travel 4.2.5. Higher seat density 4.2...
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...UNIT 1 The travel and tourism industry Introduction T he travel and tourism industry is one of the biggest and fastest growing industries in the UK. This unit will give you an introduction to the industry, providing a sound basis for further study. You will find out about the nature of the industry, its size and scale, and you will be introduced to the types of organisations that form its structure. In addition you will investigate the development of the industry and the factors which have affected the growth of travel and tourism. How you will be assessed This unit is assessed through an external assessment set by Edexcel. A variety of exercises and activities is provided in this unit to help you develop your understanding of the industry and prepare for the external assessment. After completing the unit you will achieve the following outcomes: ✱ Understand the nature and characteristics of travel and tourism and the travel and tourism industry ✱ Understand the development of the travel and tourism industry ✱ Explain the structure of the travel and tourism industry ✱ Explain the scale of the travel and tourism industry. UNIT 1: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 1 1.1 The nature and characteristics of travel and tourism and the travel and tourism industry What is tourism? Defining tourism is not a simple matter, as it is a complex industry made up of many different businesses, the common theme being that they provide products and services...
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...LONGMAN LITERATURE Equus Peter Shaffer Editor: Adrian Burke scanned by naruchan proofread by tigger 2 LONGMAN 3 Contents The writer on writing Introduction Structure and form The role of psychiatry Characterisation Passion and religion Critical reaction to the play The writing of Equus Reading log Author's note on the book Author's notes on the play Equus Glossary: reading the text Study programme The play's structure Staging the play Character and relationships The writer's intentions Themes Collecting relevant quotations Beyond the play Study questions Suggestions for further reading Wider reading assignments 4 The writer on writing I suppose my head has always been full of images. Peter Shaffer is one of Britain's foremost contemporary dramatists. Born in 1926 and educated at Cambridge he had a variety of jobs before becoming a playwright. During the Second World War he worked down a coal-mine; he has also worked in the New York Public Library and as a journalist. He was awarded the CBE in the 1987 Birthday Honours List. His first big success was with Five Finger Exercise in 1958, which ran for two years in London before transferring to New York. Other successes include Amadeus (which has been filmed), The Private Ear: The Public Eye and The Royal Hunt of the Sun. This last play represented a departure for Shaffer as a writer; he moved from detective stories, naturalistic drama and farce to epic theatre and the adoption of avant-garde stage techniques. It was while...
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