...help you learn what it takes to be a good graduate student. However, not everyone is able to find such a network, and it’s important to learn these lessons early. This guide was written based on our experiences as graduate students and our experiences advising graduate students, specifically, PhD students in NLP and machine learning; however, we hope many of the points are applicable to a wider audience. Where possible, we have indicated when advice is field-specific. Beyond that, the advice is listed in no particular order. No doubt there will be points with which you disagree. That’s totally fine -- there are certainly points about which even we had differing views; however, before you decide to ignore these points, it’s well worth taking the time to understand why we included them. Becoming a PhD Student Why Get a PhD? This question is dealt with extensively in other documents, so we will not discuss it in detail here; however, we want to emphasize the importance of asking this question. Getting a PhD will change your career path dramatically. Not only does getting a PhD mean you will spend years in school (with both personal and financial implications), it will also change the type of career you pursue. While we are both happy we got PhDs, it isn’t the right decision for everyone. Before applying to graduate school, you should think hard about whether this is the right path for you. Some specific points to consider are as follows: 1. You have to really...
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...cultivate the habit of keeping early hours (Roenneberg, 1038). The questions, then, arise: Should adolescents really get up early in the morning? Will getting up early ensure their body health and study efficiency? Although an overwhelming majority of people firmly believe that going to bed early and getting up early is of great benefit, research carried out by Dr. Paul Kelley from Oxford University indicated that getting up later is a healthier and simpler...
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...The Lack of Early Childhood Education in Minority Neighborhoods Gildon R Turner AIU Online Abstract This country prides itself in being a better place for people to come and work better and to get a better education. We are falling far too short on both counts more so with education. We are still not separated and equal. This paper will talk to you about the differences in the minority neighborhoods and why our government should be taking a closer look at the lack of early childhood education and how this education is an investment into our future. The Lack of Early Childhood Education in Minority Neighborhoods Early childhood education is an investment in our future. Haycock, K (2011) stated that, “In minority neighborhoods there are less early childhood educational facilities and if they exist low-income and minority students are less likely than their white and more affluent peers to have the teachers with the proper academic background to teach the subject matter they are teaching”. Due to the shape of the economy at the present time, it is even harder for minority children to receive this type of education. Most are one parent families and are not making the money it would cost to send their children to a good head start program. “So when black and Latino twelfth-graders perform at about the same level as white eight graders, it is not just a “minority” problem; it’s a national problem...
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...Infancy and Early Childhood Development Paper DeAnna Buckley Psy 375 November 17, 2014 Linda O'Connor Infancy and Early Childhood Development Paper Introduction Parents get excited to hear their baby’s first words and wonder will it be mama or da da? To see their first steps to experience the moment when they use the potty for the first time to when they go for their first day of preschool. All of these brief experiences are unforgettable precious moments. There are so many important aspects as an infant grows and develops into early childhood. There are several essential aspects that affect how a child develops such as how families affect development. In addition, this paper will discuss in further detail how specific parenting styles such as authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved can affect childhood development. Furthermore, another influential factor can be early childhood education and its influence on cognitive development. Families Affect Development Families can help aide in the development of children but can hinder learning and development also. Families possess more influence on a child’s development than any other person or situation at that current time or any other period of life. “Nurturing relationships in a family are critical for the healthy development of a child. If a child feels safe, secure, and loved in their family, it helps with the formation of their self-esteem and well-being. It can also lead to a child who is more socially...
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...When adolescents start at a young age there is an increase in health problems, addiction, and over all poor social outcomes. Parental influence has substantial effect on adolescents because the adolescent sees their parents and they learn by their example. Media plays a role in the use of drug and alcohol use among young people. Many school systems have implemented programs that teach adolescents about the problems of substance abuse that is funded by the government. The community health nurse helps provide education in the community. The cost for substance abuse can be astronomic. Emergency room visits, treatment programs and even court costs lead to billions of dollars annually. The key to prevention is education. Adolescent Substance Abuse In society today adolescent substance abuse is a growing problem. There are many risk factors that can lead to substance abuse. It is important to understand the reasons behind why the adolescent begins the experimentation of drugs and alcohol. Media plays a role in adolescent substance abuse. Many times advertisement and movies betray alcohol or drug use as fun and not addictive. Many times the people are happy and having a good time. This gives many young people the wrong idea about substance use. Substance abuse among young people between the ages of 12 and 20 years of age is a serious national problem. This abuse can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Adolescent substance abuse that starts at an early age can lead to addictive...
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...Reynolds Abstract This paper will argue the need to reduce juvenile delinquency. It will consider ways to help reduce juvenile delinquency and why it is so important. This paper will give the reader insight about what needs to happen in order to help juveniles be successful and stay out of the juvenile justice system. There will be key agreements that will require the reader’s attention. Effective Ways to Reduce Juvenile Delinquency A 16-year-old teenager was arrested after a veteran police officer was gunned down in St. Petersburg, Florida. (Fox News, 2011). According to an article by the National Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) called “Punishing Teen Criminal Like Criminals,” “juveniles were accounting for more than 500,000 serious violent crimes by 1984.” It is expected that while the adults committing homicides is to decline almost by twenty percent the juveniles committing homicides will increase by almost one-fourth. How can the American society mitigate the occurrences of juvenile delinquency? Many approaches have been taken to institutionalize juvenile delinquents and rehabilitate them. As the Mayor of St. Petersburg, Bill Foster said “we as a community need to standup and do a better job.” These occurrences will not stop unless there is a plan and execution established to make it happen. That is why juvenile delinquency must be tackled through the use of prevention programs, recreational programs, and educational programs. To start off, there needs to be...
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...To purchase this tutorial copy and paste link in your browser. ECE 405 Entire Course ECE 405 Week 1 DQ 1 Teaching Respect for Cultural Diversity Poster Teaching Respect for Cultural Diversity Poster. Twenty first century early childhood classrooms in the United States are filled with culturally diverse students. As an early childhood educator, you can help prepare this future generation of children to succeed in school. Chapter 1 of the textbook describes different strategies educators can use to support children in their classroom success. ECE 405 Week 1 ePortfolio Submission 1 Culturally Relevant Methods ePortfolio Submission 1: Culturally Relevant Methods. Throughout this course you will develop an ePortfolio that includes evidence of your cultural competence in each of the following areas: § CulturallyRelevantMethods § Anti-BiasCurriculum § DiverseFamilyStructures § MulticulturalEducation Using Chapters 1 and 2 of your text and at least one additional scholarly source, compile a list of 20 culturally competent strategies for English language learners (ELLs). At least five of your strategies should be appropriate for infants/toddlers, five strategies should be appropriate for preschool, and five strategies should be appropriate for early elementary age. You may select the age level for the five remaining strategies. ECE 405 Week 2 DQ 1 Culturally Relevant and Anti-Bias Classroom Culturally Relevant and Anti-Bias Classroom. Teachers can be genuine in their efforts...
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...Settings Chapter 1 of a thesis should contain a discussion of each of the following topics: I. Introduction II. Statement of the Problem III. Assumptions and Hypotheses IV. Significance of the Study V. Definition of Terms VI. Scope and Delimitation of the Study VII. Conceptual Framework Guidelines: The Introduction 1. Presentation of the Problem. The start of the introduction is the presentation of the problem, that is, what the problem is all about. This will indicate what will be covered by the study. Example: Suppose the investigation is about the teaching of science in the high school of Province A. The discussion may start with this topic sentence: There is no other period in world history when science has been making its greatest impact upon humankind than its today. 2. The Existence of an unsatisfactory condition, a felt problem that need a solution. 3. Rationale of the Study. The reason or reasons why it is necessary to conduct the study must be discussed. 4. Historical Background of the problem, For a historical background of the research problem of the teaching of science, the first satellite to orbit of the earth sent Russia may be mentioned. 5. A desire to have a deeper and clearer understanding of a situation, circumstance, or phenomenon Statement of the Problem There should be a general statement of the whole problem followed by the specific questions or sub problems into which the general problem in broken...
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...two research assistants, Caroline Scott and Karin Barty. We thank them for their enthusiasm for the project and the many hours they spent searching the literature. The Early Childhood Education Research Team would also like to acknowledge the parents, primary school teachers, school principals, early childhood professionals and other support staff who were willing to provide their views on what they considered to be a successful transition to school. A very special thank you to the kindergarten teachers who, at the time, were very busy writing Transition Learning and Development Statements yet somehow put time aside to answer our questions. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the support and colleagueship provided by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, especially Pippa Procter, Gina Suntesic and Karen Weston. This has been an interesting and stimulating project for us all. The Early Childhood Education Research Team Victoria University December, 2009 Table of Contents Acknowledgements Introduction • Background • Purpose Methodology • Literature Review • Participants • Data Collection • Victorian Early Years Learning & Development Framework (Victorian Framework) • Outcomes • Indicators • Measures • Tables Outcomes & Indicators of a Positive Start to School • For Children • For Families • For Educators • Table 1: Outcomes & indicators of a positive start to school for children • Table 2: Outcomes & indicators of a positive start to school for...
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...percent of all the nations’ schools are considered to be failing academically (Dillon).What is a failing school? A failing school is a school where the majority of its students failed to do well on standardized tests that were provided during the school year. The problem is that these schools are found all over the United States. What can be done? How can we fix these failing schools? Who is to blame? Most people would blame the teacher first and foremost, but I disagree. In this paper I will discuss what we can do to fix schools that are failing academically. I will argue that adding early childhood education classes, changing curriculum, and modifying standardized tests are all effective steps in correcting the problems that failing schools continually face. I will support my argument by using the views of authors such as Alfie Kohn and his ideas of making the curriculum more entertaining to make learning easier, Fred Lunenburg’s ideas that preschool is a critical point to achieve success later on in school, Sam Dillon’s views about how the No child left behind act has hurt more public schools than helped them, and other researchers as well. One step I feel that could help with fixing schools that are failing academically is by adding free early childhood education to public schools across the United States. Early child hood education could play a key role, because it gives parents and students an opportunity to start learning their basic skills at an early age in their lives. In...
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...Jenah Cooney May 15, 2012 College English/Surinak Senior Research Paper Period 2 Wake Up Later and Your Grades Will Be Greater High school is a part of every teenager’s life whether they like it or not. Although it is not a requirement; most, if not all, teenagers will experience at least one year of high school. With the experience of high school, students will also go through waking up early sometimes at five or six a.m. The starting time of high schools has been highly debated for several years. Those who debate this topic usually dispute on whether or not changing the time would be beneficial. Psychologists estimate that as many as 30% of children may have a sleep disorder at some point during childhood. Sleep disorders have implications both for social-emotional adjustment and for school performance. For this reason it is important for both parents and educators to understand how sleep works and how disruptions in normal sleep patterns can affect children and teenagers. Starting school just a half an hour later would benefit the most families and students, and also to accommodate for teens' sleep needs. One of the main beneficial topics to argue for starting school later is attendance. Schools should start later because it is proven that students will have higher attendance. If students can get more sleep, they are more likely to attend school on a regular basis. Studies have shown that after puberty, teenagers require more sleep, around nine and a half...
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...------------------------------------------------- University of Phoenix Material Critical Thinking Worksheet Chose one of the following scenarios: You are a member of a group working on a class project. The group members are enthusiastic about the project and arrange a meeting time to begin planning. You forget to mark your calendar and miss the meeting. The group posts a summary of the meeting with assignments and deadlines for the project. You apologize to the group and agree to complete the topic research for the project. You realize you have a paper due in another course on the same day your research is due and concentrate most of your time on your individual assignment. The paper takes longer than you thought, and you are unable to conduct research for the group project by the deadline. You feel bad about this and do not respond to inquiries from group members. You post a message to the group explaining you are having computer problems. The group expresses their empathy and proceeds without you, completing and submitting the project with your name included. A position opens in your department at work. You recommend to a coworker and friend in another department that she should apply. You previously consulted with this person on small projects, and she appears knowledgeable and responsible. In fact, you became friends through these work contacts. Your friend appreciates your recommendation and arranges a meeting to ask you more details about the work done...
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...Head Start 1 Running Head: HEAD START Social Policy Study Improving Head Start Act of 2007 Kristin Sancken University of Minnesota Head Start 2 I. Introduction Head Start is a beloved program and one of the few social welfare programs that continues to garner strong support from both sides of the aisle. It has seen very little shift in public perception over the last 44 years since it’s creation as part of President Johnson’s Office of Economic Opportunity, and politicians have framed it essentially the same way during that time, namely, a way to provide the least fortunate with a chance at educational opportunity. Every few years, the Head Start Act must be reauthorized by the U.S. House and Senate in order to continue receiving federal funding. The Head Start Act itself states that its purpose is to, “promote the school readiness of low-income children by enhancing their cognitive, social, and emotional development”(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Head Start focuses on growth in a variety of areas such as acquisition of language, literacy, math, science, social and emotional functioning, creative arts, and physical education (Kildee, 2007; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). To reach these lofty goals, Head Start provides a holistic blend of services to low-income children and their families, based on family needs (Kildee, 2007; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). The latest reauthorization...
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...This paper includes a reference list of literature relating to early intervention and children with special needs. In general, the literature seems to indicate that early intervention makes a impact on the success of children with disabilities when entering school. They perform to the abilities to that of their typically developing peers. Intervention programs are set up to help children and families. The articles research the affects of these programs on children with disabilities. Introduction The purpose of this review is to further understand early intervention and its role in special education. I wanted to study this topic because it is something I work with on a daily basis. The idea for my research came about during a staff meeting with the institute’s new president. As the president was asking questions and getting to know the staff and workings of the institute, the statement that the students who leave here are not as prepared for kindergarten when they leave here as they have been in the past. As a teacher this troubled me because isn’t the point of prekindergarten to prepare a child for kindergarten? If the typically developing peers aren’t prepared for kindergarten what does that mean for the students with disabilities? Are they farther behind or are they the ones being prepared to move forward in their education? With these questions in mind I wanted to see how an early intervention program helped children with disabilities when it comes time to go to school. What...
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...Balance> You –work, school, sleep, family, friends, self-care, community. <Definition of Procrastination> - To voluntarily delay an intended course of action despite expecting to be worse off for the delay. - Put off intentionally the doing of something that should be done. - To postpone doing something, especially as a regular practice. Milgram (1991) <Four components of procrastination> - A behavior sequence of postponement - Resulting in a substandard behavioral product - Involving a task that is perceived by the procrastinator as being important to perform - Resulting in a state of emotional upset <Procrastination Vs. Being Lazy> (they are different) - Early authors on the subject (e.g., Augustine of Hippo) tend to association procrastination with sin - Lazy: unwillingness to use effort, energy or apathy - Procrastination: active process of avoidance (fear, uncertainty, feeling uncomfortable) energy, focus and effort are misdirected to other tasks/ activities <Procrastination – Who dose it? > - Procrastination is an almost universal affliction, one that occurs in almost every culture and is reported as early as 800 BC The Romans and ancient Egyptians both had trouble with procrastination - It affects 95% of the population (Ellis & Knaus, 1977) - and approximately 20% of those chronically (Harriott & Ferrari, 1996) - 95% of undergraduates report that they procrastinate (5% lie) Problem areas: writing papers, studying for tests...
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