...Me Details The American wine industry is a stable and present market in the United States with room to grow. The wine industry began with the first settlers and has persevered for centuries. There are three classifications of wine: Red, White, and Blush, and table wine (a wine containing 7% to14% alcohol traditionally consumed with food) is the most popular and fastest-growing type of wine consumed. Even though wine is produced virtually everywhere in the U.S. the wine producers in California have the largest economic impact of $30 billion. Wine sales have risen in the last ten years from 11.7 billion dollars to 19 billion dollars. The Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms division of the Internal Revenue Service, at 8%, which is around $1.07 per gallon, heavily taxes these sales. Technological impacts have allowed winemakers to help control the quality of the wine from the vine to the liquor store. The wine industry contains high barriers to entry due to high costs of land and building manufacturing facilities. Product differentiation is quite vast, being able to make several different types of wine varieties. The value of the wine varies year to year and is often set by the opinions of a few wine experts. The economies of scale in the wine industry have the greatest impact on the cost of land for grape growing. This because the type of land needed to produce quality wine is limited in the United States. This provides an advantage to existing wine producers already having ownership...
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...This article was downloaded by: [92.98.159.160] On: 14 March 2013, At: 21:43 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Wine Research Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjwr20 Winemakers and Wineries in the Evolution of the Italian Wine Industry: 1997–2006 Raffaele Corrado & Vincenza Odorici a a a Department of Management, University of Bologna, Via Capo di Lucca, 34, 40126, Bologna, Italy E-mail: Version of record first published: 30 Sep 2009. To cite this article: Raffaele Corrado & Vincenza Odorici (2009): Winemakers and Wineries in the Evolution of the Italian Wine Industry: 1997–2006, Journal of Wine Research, 20:2, 111-124 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09571260903169472 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-andconditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae...
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...The Tunisian Wine industry In 2013 the world wine consumption stood at 238.7 mhl, this was a decrease of 2.5 mhl in comparison to 2012. “The global wine industry has seen an excess of 600mn unit cases (almost ¼ of global consumption) in 2004, reduce to just 1m unit cases in 2012” (The Global Wine Industry, 2013). History of wine in Tunisia There are a lot of comparisons made between new world wines and old world wines. When discussing old world, this refers to wines made in countries that are considered the birthplaces of wine. Some of the countries that are Old World include: France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Portugal, Austria, Greece, Lebanon, Israel, Croatia, Hungary and Switzerland. New world include the following countries U.S., New Zealand, Argentina, Chile, Australia and South Africa. In 1881, the French conquered Tunisia, and brought along knowledgeable and experienced wine makers. After this large scale wine production began in the country. Many years after, Tunisia gained independence and although the wine production continued, a lack of expertise caused production to decrease (Tunisia tours, 2014). The climate in Tunisia is significantly influenced by the Mediterranean. The winters are wet and the summers are dry, which creates a prosperous environment for wine making. The type of grape variety that are planted in Tunisia are also hugely influenced by the French involvement. Market Entry Modes There are certain factors that influence foreign entry modes. Industry...
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...of Indian Wine Persian conquerors brought grape vines to India nearly 2500 years ago; wine consumption is first mentioned in a text on statecraft written about 300 b.c. Wine was a beverage for elites, not the masses (who apparently wanted stronger stuff), and lived a shadowy existence that continues today due to concerns about alcohol consumption. The influence of British colonizers contributed to the growth of Indian wine production in the 19th century, before the scourge of phylloxera hit India’s vineyards in the 1890s with predictable results. Table grapes are a major crop in India and wine grapes are grown in several regions, generally at altitudes of 200m – 800m, although vineyards at 1000m exist in Kashmir. Growing conditions are surprisingly good using viticulture practices that take humidity and rainfall patterns into account (harvest must be complete before the monsoon). Two crops per year are common. Since independence in 1947, wine has been caught in a crossfire in India. On one hand, it is a heavily controlled substance. Article 47 of the constitution makes it a function of the state to discourage alcohol consumption (Gandhi and some other early leaders were teetotallers), so wine imports are highly taxed and advertising is forbidden. Individual state governments within India tax and regulate wine sales much as in the United States, creating a distributional crazy quilt. At the same time, however, some state governments promote viticulture and wine making as...
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...The global wine industry is divided in two areas, which are the Old World Countries and the New World Countries. The Old World countries are those located in Europe, while the New World Countries are Australia, United States, Chile, and South Africa. During the past few decades, global consumption of wine had been increasing. While the demand of premium wines was increasing, the consumption of inexpensive wine was decreasing. In Europe, families owned small vineyards and most of them produced wine for their own consumption. On the other hand, in the New World, larger firms owned wineries and competition was strong. I will use Porter’s Five Forces to analyze the global wine industry. Threat of New Entrants: Low; Entry Barriers: High (-) I would say that in the global wine industry, the threat of new entrants is low and the barriers to entry are high. This is due to the fact that the acquisition of new land and labor to produce wine requires a large amount of capital. Known brands spend a large amount of money on technology, innovation, and advertising, so it would be hard for independent wineries to start their own production, especially in New World countries and be profitable. Additionally, price per acre in the United States is really high, and a new piece of land takes several years to produce revenue. Also, the wine industry is already a mature one and consumers have their preferred brands of high quality wine, therefore obtaining a large share in the market would...
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...Brief: The Wine Industry The wine industry includes red wine and white wine. Vines were first planted in the Middle East before 4,000 BC. Through vine plantation and wine production, wine trade emerged in Greece, Crete, Phoenicia and Egypt and spread widely in Mediterranean. Wine industry rapidly developed with the help of the Catholic churches in The Middle Ages. In seventeenth century, new techniques and innovations were turned up to improve the wine to satisfy the globalization and colonization. Now the geographic scope of competition ranges from Old World, which are European countries, to the New World, which are North America, South America and South Africa. In this industry, buyers and suppliers are from all over the world and the substitute includes water, coffee and tea. As the reading material emphasized that competition should include five forces, which are profits, customers, suppliers, potential entrants and substitute products. The basis of competitive advantage is the quality of wine. And it has become a global industry. French firms dominated this industry in the past for several reasons: * In the time of Roman Empire, the viticulture and wine production were introduced to Provence and moved further to the inland. * After The Middle Ages, the wine trade in Bordeaux region became prosperous because of the large shipments of wine exported to Great Britain. * In the 1600s, French producer applied new techniques to plant vine and he mastered art of maturing...
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...PART 1 PORTER’S NATIONAL DIAMOND ANALYSIS ……………… 1.1 Factor Conditions 2 1.2 Demand Conditions 3 1.3 Related and Supporting Industries 4 1.4 Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry 5-6 1.5 Government 7 1.6 Chance 8 CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………. 9 PART 2 MARKET ENTRY STRATEGIES ……………………………..… 2.1 Joint Venture 10-11 2.2 Acquisition 12-13 RECOMMENDATIONS …………………………………………………………... 14 REFERENCES …………………………………………………………..……….. 15-17 WORD COUNT Part 1: 2310 Part 2: 939 Total: 3249 WORD COUNT Part 1: 2310 Part 2: 939 Total: 3249 INTRODUCTION Peru is a dynamic, fast-growing South American economy poised for success in international markets. Some of Peru’s flagship export products are coffee and asparagus, but in recent years, it is an emerging producer of New World wines. Peru’s wine market supply is around 45 million litres, an increase of almost 10 million litres from five years ago (USDA, 2014). Peruvian climate is ideal for cultivation of grapes with strong character, where majority of its vineyards are concentrated on the Central coast. The wine industry is Peru has promising prospects for a foreign business investment, due to growing domestic consumption and global demand for high-quality and affordable wines. ………... PORTER’S NATIONAL DIAMOND ANALYSIS ………... 1.1 Factor Conditions 1.1.1 Physical Resources Andean soils are relatively young and...
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...The Wine Industry and Vincor Vincor International Inc. is in the business of selling premium wine to discerning wine drinkers. The company relies on its firm resources and capabilities from which it derives its distinctive competencies. These include the ability to produce market and distribute premium New World wines to a growing market of customers around the world. The total estimated world market is worth approximately $190 billion dollars (U.S.). Vincor’s strategy is based on its distinctive competencies (such as world renowned wine making experience, vineyard development and ownership, and the ice wine product/brand) and centres on an acquisition and takeover formula (sometimes with a joint venture component). The company believes that in a highly fragmented wine industry the only companies that are going to survive, grow and maintain a competitive advantage are those that can rationalize their cost structures, achieve economies of scale and control their distribution channels effectively. Synergies in marketing, sales forces, administration and other overhead factors can drive down per unit costs and make Vincor more efficient. By lowering its cost structure, Vincor can pass lower costs to consumers and gain market share in a global market place. Vincor has surmised that the best way to do this is expand, through a combination of equity and debt financing to take over competitors, whenever there is a good “strategic fit.” The industry in which Vincor operates...
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...Part One: The Chile Wine Industry The Chilean wine industry has experienced various transformations over the past 30 years – its quality revolution led by the complete technological renovation during the 1980s, the export boom of the 1990s, and the new terror developments during the 2000 decade. This transformation has allowed a new generation of talented viticulturists and winemakers to capitalize on Chile’s viticultural paradise and to produce World Class Wines of unique character and personality. Chile is the world’s eighth largest wine producer and the fifth largest exporter, reaching a market share of 8% by volume of the global international wine market at the close of 2010. However, and most importantly, Chile exports 70% of its wine production, making it the world’s most globalized wine industry, with great flexibility, innovation and a long-term commitment to quality and service. With 150 destination countries and 1.5 billion consumers for each year, Chilean wines are positioned as the country’s most emblematic and best known world ambassador. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Chileans adopted advanced technology and invested in new machinery for optimizing the winemaking process in the field. The winemaker offered an innovative higher-quality product that was conducive to the development of new wine varieties. Later producers also perfected their wine cellars and invested in better labels and packing, such as boxes, bottles and cartons, that were more attractive to...
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...Chilean Wine Industry’s National Competitiveness Using Porters National Diamond. Part 1: Porters National Diamond model is used to analyse a firm’s ability to compete in a home market, their ability to compete in a foreign international market and to recognise the particular country and market within that, which a firm would be suited to expanding into. In doing so it analyses the viability of a nation to compete in any given market. The model is described by Ozlem Oz (1999) as “a dynamic system which all elements interact and reinforce each other”. The elements to which this refers are; Factor Conditions, Demand Conditions, Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry, and Related and Supporting Industries. These main elements are supplemented with Political and Chance factors which influence all of them. The model explains the relationship between related industries and how this helps successful development. Porter believed that a healthy competition would drive the firms to be innovative. With a competitive market, people have more choice and this provides great market research availability to find out what people want. Fig.1, Michael Porter, Porter’s National Diamond (1990) Throughout this report an analysis of the Chilean wine industry’s competitiveness at an international level will be carried out. Care will also be taken when considering how well the company in question will be suited to expanding into this market. The diagram above, figure 1, displays...
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...Marieshka Barton Wines of Spain Prof. Newton June 15, 2015 Spanish Wine Marketing and Sales Sonoma State University’s Wines of Spain 2015 summer class introduced students to Northern Spain’s prestigious Penedès, Priorat, and Rioja wine regions. Production and marketing professionals from eight wineries hosted our student group and provided facility tours and insights on production, marketing, and exporting. This paper focuses on Northern Spain’s wine industry’s legal regulations, tourism, stewardship, communications, and exports through the lens of wine business marketing. The paper concludes with marketing recommendations relevant to new world (USA, Canada, and Australia) markets. History First, a brief introduction to Spain’s wine history is provided to differentiate Spain from its global competitors and set the context for further analysis. As an “old world” wine culture, Spain has a rich wine history beginning with Phoenician tribes and industrious Romans. Unfortunately, Spain’s nascent wine industry was disrupted due to Islamic rule followed by civil and global wars. In the late 1800’s, French winemakers revolutionized Spain’s weak wine industry. France’s Phylloxera tragedy brought an exodus of French winemakers over the Pyrenees seeking work. By the time Phylloxera reached Spain, viticulturists where already grafting native vines onto American...
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...A Report in to the Tunisian wine industry Introduction This report will focus on the attractiveness of the Tunisian wine industry, and will determine whether the country is a suitable investment option, using Porters national diamond to analyse certain determinant factors. These include: Factor conditions, demand conditions, supporting industries, rivalry, structure and culture, chance and the impact of the government as seen in figure 1.Porter argues that the competitive advantage of certain industries in different nations depends upon four main aspects which form the diamond (Peng, 2014). The report will also consider contemporary management issues and suggest a mode of entry. Figure 1 Porters national diamond Tunisia is a country located in Northern Africa, bordering Libya and Algeria. It has a mixed economic system, with some private freedom along with a centrally planned economy, including some strict government regulation. Tunisia is a member of the African Union (AU) and Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) (Global Edge, 2014). It also has close trading relations with Europe. Key exports include mechanical and electrical industries, textiles and apparel, food products, petroleum products, chemicals, and phosphates. Almost 70% of Tunisia’s exports go to the European Union (US Commercial Service, 2014). Part one: Porters national diamond (Extended version) Factor conditions: According to standard economic theory, factors...
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...Autumn 15 ROBERT MONDAVI WINE INDUSTRY Dougal POGET & Caroline MULHAUSER U N I V E R S I T Y O F A P P L I E D S C I E N C E -‐ G E N E V A H A U T E E C O L E D E G E S T I O N – G E N E V E Mondavi Wine Industry – Case Study Dougal Poget & Caroline Mulhauser TABLE DES MATIERES 1. Read, reflect on and analyze the company situation within the context of a changing wine industry. ................................................................................................................ 4 2. Think about an outline all of the external, internal, competitive, market, and consumer factors, changes and trends affecting Mondavi in their business model. 5 External factors: ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Internal factors (Integration level) ...................................................................................................... 5 Competition ..............................................
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...ROUND TABLE: PREMIUM WINE INDUSTRY (LUXURY & LIFESTYLE) IN ASIA * Vintage Club * Online business (subscription) * Private consumers * Corporate (gifts, meetings) * Import directly from France, no intermediaries * Old wine company * Advice to collectors * Private customers 1. Specificity of the Asian market vs Europe * Cognac: people in Asia drink cognac with water, sprite. Do you like to have style or do you like to have sales? * Singapore wine market: 90s started climbing, mainly because students from 70s came back from abroad with new trends; French lifestyle (wine and food). * Singapore sales are driven by promotions and brands. Brands for import wines are still important, more than old world. * Time of transport from vineyard to Singapore is 2 months. * Taxes/duties: 48% china, 0% HK, $88/lt Singapore +GST * France: 25y start buying wines more regularly. Singapore: wines purchase for social representation, gifts. * Everybody knows in France about wine but they don’t care about technicalities. Only know basic characteristics of a good wine, know how to differenciate. In Asia people are more interested. * China for C&T: Hard market. Office in Shanghai, network of distributors is huge, each has a network of 1mm clients. Set up selected distributors that work closely with the brand (control network). Chilean wine is perceived as good value for money, good quality. * Segmentation...
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...Investment Attractiveness of the Chilean Wine Industry 1. Introduction Over the past 30 years saw major transformations within the Chilean wine industry, this transformation allowed many of the talented Chilean winemakers on this unique opportunity to produce world class wine with its own unique personality and character. Chile currently is one of the leading nations in the global in the wine industry, currently ranked at 8th as the world’s largest wine producer and ranked 5th as the largest wine exporter. Chile exports a massive 70% from its own wine production making Chile the world’s most globalised wine industry. Even with the enjoyed success by the nation, Chilean wines find themselves facing huge competition globally in different markets as the wines produced in Chile sells at a relatively low average price therefor directly affecting the profit levels in return. (Emeraldinsight, 2010) 2. Factor Conditions As of 2011, Chilean vineyards have been facing shortage of filed workers as most employees are migrating to construction, agriculture director Santa Rita is quoted saying “between 15% and 20% fewer workers now than two years ago” Working in vineyards is not a preferable profession to the locals anymore as they end up working eight hours more just to get the minim wage. (MecrcoPress, 2011) This means finding field workers for the vineyards will prove difficult unless the company is prepared to pay the minimum wage. 2.1 The unemployment rates in general...
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