...Introduction: Organized crime was characterized, in 1994, as: "group organization to commit crime; hierarchical links or personal relationships which permit leaders to control the group: violence, intimidation and corruption used to earn profits or control territories or markets; laundering of illicit proceeds both in furtherance of criminal activity and to infiltrate the legitimate economy; the potential for expansion into any new activities and beyond national borders; and cooperation with other organized transnational criminal groups."1 ------------------------------------------------- Criminals are on the go up all over the world, and their illegal activities go further than local or national restrictions. This article explores the economic penetrations of criminal enterprises to run their strongly ordered activities. ------------------------------------------------- Generally, illicit activities of a conspiratorial group of criminals are known as Organized Crime (OC). Criminal actions are surreptitiously synchronized through a nexus or syndicate for making money. Structured in a pyramidal hierarchy, criminals employ violence and bribery in carrying out operations. Threats of grievous consequences are made to the targets for internal and external control in their connections. ------------------------------------------------- Among the numerous types of political crimes, secret killing, violent politics, campus violence and militant actions are salient in Bangladesh...
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...Africa has heated up as a hot spot for Transnational Organized Crime groups. This region is being used as a major transit route for illegal drugs being transported to Europe and United States. This is heroin’s many route west and methamphetamine’s route toward Asia. “TOC exacerbates corruption and undermines the rule of law, democratic processes, and transparent business practices in several African states that already suffer from weak institutions.” (n.d.). This is giving the Transnational Organized Crime groups the ability to operate in West Africa. Corruption, open borders, location, and weak law enforcement allows these areas to become narco-states. For example, Guinea-Bissau is very close to being unable to combat these organizations....
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...to be solved. The 18th amendment was a failing law from the beginning and had given many organized group of criminals power in corruption that caused crime in the U.S. The Volstead Act enforced the 18th amendment by “prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages for consumption" (Sann 62). The Volstead Act had clarify the law. The law had began with any type of intoxicating liquor beverage for example wine or beer over 0.5 percent alcohol. (Sann 62).It had also explained that by owning an item that promoted or tolerated alcohol became illegal. If the law was broken, there was a punishment which could bring you jail time. Even though the government enforced the law, there were many loopholes to drink legally. Citizens were only allowed the use of alcohol if you were prescribed by the doctor. Very large prescriptions were written which did not help the Volstead Act.(Sann 192) It did not help stop people from consuming alcohol. The Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was founded and organized in 1874 to encourage the 18th amendment. They were sent by the missionaries to spread the word about temperance. The issue was recognized by women because the amount of abuse and violence was increased by their husbands or men from the experience with alcohol. Which had also been affecting their finances in the household from alcohol. In the year 1873 the women had revolted against saloon owners. After the riots of so many saloons, they were temporarily...
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...Business Interests of Organized Crime Groups Mary Weyer August 20, 2011 Business Interests of Organized Crime Groups Organized crime groups are infecting the United States at an increasing rate. The temptation of making fast easy money to people in low income areas is too great to resist. Legitimate businesses are at risk of being victimized by organized crime theft and fraud activities New World Encyclopedia, 2008). No one is safe from organized crime and its danger. Organized crime victimizes businesses, individuals, provides illegal services, and provides illegal goods. The main goal of organized crime is to make as much money as they can through any means be it legal or illegal. What are the business interests of organized crime groups? The business interest of organized crime is running a web of web sites scams. These scams claim that they are in trouble and need money. The goal of the scam is to get as many people as they can to send them money. Human trafficking is where individuals are sold for forced agricultural labor, forced industrial labor, and sexual exploitation (Lyman, 2007). Human trafficking includes children, women, and men. Money that has been embezzled or acquired through illegal services or goods will be placed in a legal business that they have set up for the purpose of laundering so it appears to have been acquired legally. Organized crime groups sell drugs in the United States and all over the...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Organized crime have been discuss this week as being are the illegal activities that are done by criminals for either money or profits of some sort. Organized crimes has also been defined basic crimes that are planned and executed by a group of individuals. There are quite a few characteristics that we have learned are associated with organized crime such as embezzlement, Mexican drug cartels, and selling of illegal goods. When it comes to my perception of organized crimes based compared to the reading passages this week was exactly what I expected to be when I started the reading material. When I think of organized crimes I feel that it would always be more than one person involved. I discovered that during the reading that there wasn’t any crimes done by a single individuals it was always done by a group of people such as the mob, gangs, and even terrorist. Therefore when I think about the 911 attack in 2001 on the twin towers, and pentagon. I feel that this attack could fell under organized crimes. During this attack there was so many people affected by this as the deaths of men, women, and children. The marathon bombing that occurred in Boston, Massachusetts on April 15, 2013 would be considered to be organized crime due to the fact that there was two individuals involved that happen to be brothers. One of the brothers was killed and the other one was captured and given the death penalty. I believe that if people would think about...
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...stages of the trafficking process: recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of person. An agreed definition of human trafficking exists under Article 3 of the “Palermo Protocol” on trafficking in persons which went into effect on 25 December 2003. This internationally agreed definition focuses on exploitation of human beings – be it for sexual exploitation, other forms of forced labor, slavery, servitude, or for the removal of human organs. Trafficking is not just a transnational crime across international borders; the definition applies to internal domestic trafficking of human beings. In the Horn of Africa (HOA), both cross border and internal trafficking of women and children is prevalent. For example, in Ethiopia, children are being trafficked into armed conflict where it is reported that over 20,000 of them have been victims. Almost all of the countries in the region have been identified as sources, transit points or destination for women and children trafficked within and across these countries or to other regions such as Europe, the Middle East and Southern Africa. Human trafficking, often described as ‘modern day slavery,’ poses serious threats to global order and human security. It is a violation of numerous international law standards and human rights protocols and is often conducted by criminals and members...
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...beverages in the U.S. during the 1920s. The temperance movement argued for a long time that more people became alcoholics and caused physical violence due to intoxication. The U.S. government expected the prohibition to be a solution to social problems, implemented for the country's well being. On the other hand, prohibition had negative impacts on organized crime increasing its rate because there were high demands for alcohol, which criminal businesses illicitly sold smuggling and bootleg industries were developed by gangsters and organized crimes, increasing people to drink alcohol rather than diminishing...
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...GED 216 Sociology Unit Exam 3 Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/ged-216-sociology-unit-exam-3/ 1. Edwin Lemert described “primary deviance” as a. the most serious episodes of deviance. b. actions that parents define as deviant. c. a passing episode of deviance that has little effect on the person’s self-concept. d. the experience of deviance early in life. 2. His friends begin to criticize Marco as a “juice-head,” pushing him out of their social circle. Marco begins to drink even more, becomes bitter, and joins a new group of friends who also are heavy drinkers. According to Lemert, Marco’s situation illustrates a. the onset of primary deviance. b. the onset of secondary deviance. c. the formation of a deviant subculture. d. the onset of retreatism. 3. What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person’s self-concept and social identity? a. a deviant ritual b. a degradation ceremony c. a secondary identity d. stigma 4. The concept “retrospective labeling” refers to the process of a. interpreting someone’s past consistent with present deviance. b. defining someone as deviant for things done long before. c. criminal adults encouraging their children to become deviant. d. predicting someone’s future based on past deviant acts. 5. Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that a. deviance is only what people label as deviant. b. most people in the United States will...
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...exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal or organs (Human Trafficking, 2006). Many types of human trafficking and forms of exploitation exist and are constantly changing. The key types of human trafficking and forms of exploitation include sexual exploitation, labor exploitation of children, and exploitation for the purpose of begging. Sexual exploitation is generally considered to be the primary form of human trafficking offenses. Russia’s sex trade has spread; the sex trade industry currently employs 150,000 women (Human Trafficking, 2006). Sexual exploitation particularly affects women and children. They are coerced into prostitution. Child trafficking is a particularly grave form of child labor exploitation. Apart from their use in the sex industry and the production of pornography, the labor of children trafficked from poor regions and countries are frequently exploited in farming and construction. Begging is another common form of child exploitation. Many employers use child labor due to...
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...Organized Crime By Rita Goforth July 22, 2013 CJA/384 Criminal Organizations Instructor Jack Tandy When I think about organized crime and its very definition I immediately think of is the Italian Mafia, which has been portrayed in various articles, news casts, and historical culture and let’s not forget the many movies that have been made. This alone does not define what organized crime group are though I’m sure at one time it was the primary indicator for organized crime. Yet today this is not true at all and it would take multiple text books and research to explain it all because these groups have expanded so much. As defined by (Jay S. Albanese) organized crime functions as a continuing enterprise that rationally works to make a profit through illicit activities, and insures its existence through the use of threats or force and through corruption of law enforcement. Along with many other definitions that sometimes vary in small ways the consensus is generally the same. The way that I would define organized crime would be that it is any group that conducts illegal acts in order to gain a profit or personal gain. Simply put, organized crime groups are groups not only defined to the Mafia but other groups such as motorcycle clubs, gangs, terrorists and even some corporations, who act outside the law in order to gain, money property, status or anything else that benefits themselves but is done illegally. Take for example the motorcycle groups that traffic guns, drugs...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Personal Perception of Organized Crime In describing my personal perception of organized crime upon entering this course, I will identify assumptions on which my perception is based, and answer the following questions: How would I describe or define organized crime? How does my perception compare to the definitions in the readings? And what characteristics do I think are associated with organized criminal behavior? I have had a very close working knowledge of organized criminal elements in my former job as a law enforcement officer. There are some elements of these organizations that I lost touch with not doing that job anymore but I was always aware of the fact that there is little to no political mileage being sought by these individuals who are more about making money than anything else. Without looking at textbook definition I would look at both words. Organized in my own word would be seen as a structured way of doing something while crime in my own word is that act that violates a particular law or several laws. It therefore means that in my own words, Organized Crime would be seen as a structured criminal activity. According to (Lyman & Potter p3 2007), “Organized crime is composed of numerous ethnic and transnational groups operating together or apart and in conjunction with legitimate businesses and political entities”. Giving a lay man definition of that quote from the text, organized crime simply put would be a...
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...Reducing Organized Crime Jason Elliott CJA/939 September 7th 2011 Wayne Babish Reducing Organized Crime Organized crime is an entity which endures. Causing problems locally, nationally, and internationally, organized crime has many relationships. Law enforcement agencies are limited when dealing with organized crime. Seeing the opportunity provided by legal limitations, organized crime flourishes. Finding a realistic solution to control organized crime is unrealistic. The problem is organized crime is imbedded in our society on many levels. The selling of illicit and illegal products and services is the largest problem organized crime has established. Since the Havana conference of 1946, drugs have been an extremely profitable business for organized crime. The drug industry is not the only illicit or illegal product available through organized crime. Prostitution and gambling are among the recreational services and products offered by organized crime. Problems from prostitution can range from an outbreak of sexually transmitted diseases to ruining marriages in the local area. Gambling can cause those addicted to spend all of their money at the casinos. Instituted street tax or protection tax can bankrupt local businesses. The cost of the tax is incredible. The only thing that hurts the business more than paying the street tax is not paying the street tax. Organized crime will make an example of any business that does not pay the street tax. The destruction...
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...Jonquelia Semies Assignment 2 Chapter 5 1. What is the definition of a secondary group? a) Incorrect. A small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships b) Correct. A large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal and activity c) Incorrect. Two or more people who identify with and interact with one another describes a social group d) Incorrect. A social group whose members have interests , social position , and age in common 2. Which leadership role focuses on the group’s well-being? Democratic and a) Incorrect .Laisezz-faire Leadership allows the group to function more or less on its own b) Correct. Expressive Leadership is when a group leadership that focus on c) Incorrect .Instrumental Leadership is a group leadership that focuses on the completion tasks. d) In correct. Democratic Leadership is more expensive and makes a point of including everyone in the decision making process. 3. What is the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue? a) In correct. In-group is a social group toward which a member feels respect and loyalty b) Incorrect. Out- group is a social group toward which a person c) Correct. Groupthink the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue d) Incorrect. Triad is a social group with three members 4. What German...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Justine M. Washington CJA 384-Criminal Organizations May 7, 2012 William Barnes Controlling Organized Crime Organized crime continues to plague many countries throughout the world. Organized crime groups thrive on money, power, and respect. The media has perpetuated a stereotypical view of organized crime in the form of made-for-television movies, theatrical releases, and weekly series. Organized crime syndicates are not all Italians who animatedly speak with their hands. Organized crime groups hide behind the façade of legitimate businesses to launder money, engage in racketeering, extortion, and other criminal acts. Organized crime is prevalent on a local, state, and federal level. Law enforcement agencies continue to seek solutions to combat organized crime by employing different methods and approaches to deter and punish those who profit from their criminal exploits. Theories of Organized Crime Several theories provide insight into organized crime. According to Lyman and Potter (2007), “Cressey describes organized crime as a bureaucratic structure not unlike that adopted by governmental bureaucracies, such as police departments and federal law enforcement agencies. The primary unit of La Cosa Nostra is the family, which embodies male members of Italian ancestry. The family must abide by a code of conduct that prohibits members from revealing organization organizational secrets and that authorizes...
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...a while now. For an understanding of the term human trafficking, an interpretation of the issue would be needed to give an explanation of the adult and child victims, criminals engaging in human trafficking and law enforcement stopping human trafficking. Adult And Child Victims Adults and children are the victims in human trafficking. Men are exploited for cheap labor. They could be put to work hard all day on farms or plantations and not get any insurance or any benefits that governments offer to legal working citizens or immigrants in the countries that they are sold in. Women and Children are at a high risk for being sold for sexual purposes. Women could be forced to be prostitutes or escorts and children could be bought by pedophiles who want to have sex with children. Men, women and children are the victims of human trafficking that is being done by the criminals that are engaging in these crimes. Criminals Engaging In Human Trafficking The criminals are the bad individuals that are engaging in human trafficking. One of the main reasons for human trafficking is the large amounts of fast money that can...
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