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World Bank Statement

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Submitted By roni2024
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cÙv †mZz cÖKí evwZj msKvªšÍ cÖkœ-DËi wek¦ e¨vsK wK Z`‡šÍi djvdj miKvi‡K Rvwb‡q‡Q? Avgv‡`i wbR¯^ bxwZ Abymv‡i wek¦ e¨vsK 2011 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m Ges 2012 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡m cÖavbgš¿x, A_©gš¿x Ges evsjv‡`k `yb©xwZ `gb Kwgk‡bi †Pqvig¨v‡bi Kv‡Q `ywU Z`‡šÍi Z_¨ cÖgvY cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| Avgiv evsjv‡`k KZ©„cÿ‡K welqwUi c~Y© Z`šÍ Ki‡Z Ges h_vh_ we‡ewPZ n‡j `ybx©wZi Rb¨ `vqx e¨w³‡`i kvw¯Í †`qvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡qwQjvg|

wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki miKv‡ii Kv‡Q ‡`Iqv †idv‡ij wi‡cv‡U© wK wQ‡jv? miKv‡ii Kv‡Q mycvwikg~jK wi‡cvU© cÖ`v‡bi jÿ¨ wQj h_vh_ RvZxq ms¯’vi gva¨‡g `yb©xwZi wek¦vm‡hvM¨ cÖgvY m¤ú‡K© GKwU †Rviv‡jv Z`šÍ ïiæ Kiv| wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki ¯^vaxb Bw›UwMÖwU fvBm †cÖwm‡W›Uwm `ywb©wZi Awf‡hvM AbymÜvb K‡i †`‡L †h e¨vs‡Ki `yb©xwZ we‡ivax w`Kwb‡`©kbv jswNZ n‡q‡Q wKbv Ges RvZxq KZ©…c‡ÿi gva¨‡g Z`šÍ Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó wek¦vm‡hvM¨ cÖgvY i‡q‡Q wKbv| wek¦ e¨vsK wb‡R †Kvb Aciva Z`šÍ K‡i bv ev cieZ©x Kibxq wba©vib K‡i bv | GwU m¤ú~b©i~‡c evsjv‡`kx AvBb Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii we‡eP¨||

wek¦ e¨vsK miKvi‡K †`Iqv GB wi‡cvU©¸‡jv †Kb cÖKvk Ki‡Q bv? wek¦ e¨vsK 2011 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m I 2012 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡m evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Kv‡Q cÙv †mZz cÖK‡í `yb©xwZi cÖgvY †ck K‡i‡Q| Gme mycvwikg~jK wi‡cv‡U©i †MvcbxqZv eRvq ivLvi e¨vcv‡i evsjv‡`k miKvimn cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨ †`‡ki Kv‡Q wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki `vqe×Zv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e, evsjv‡`k miKvi GB mKj wi‡cvU© I wPwVmg~n PvB‡j cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avcbviv miKvi‡K ¯^”QZvi iÿvi ¯^v‡_© cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡ib | wek¦ e¨vsK wK wK cÖ¯vÍ e w`‡qwQ‡jv? miKviwU Gi †KvbwU m¤§Z n‡qwQ‡jv? wek¦ e¨vsK civgk© w`‡qwQj †h miKvi PviwU c`‡ÿc wb‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ miKvi PviwUi g‡a¨ `ywU Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| cÖ_gZ `yb©xwZ `gb Kwgkb‡K GKwU we‡kl †h․_ Z`šÍ I wePvwiK wUg MV‡bi cÖ¯vÍ e †`qv n‡qwQj, hv‡Z `y`K m¤§wZ w`‡qwQ‡jv| wØZxqZ: miKvi GKwU weKí cÖKí ev¯Íevqb e¨e¯’vq m¤§Z n‡qwQj †hLv‡b mn‡hvMx A_©vqbKvix‡`i Rb¨ µq cÖwµqvq AwaKZi Z`viKxi my‡hvM wQj| Z…ZxqZ: `y`K‡K wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki ZZ¡veav‡b GKwU evB‡ii c¨v‡b‡ji Kv‡Q Z_¨ †`qvi Ges c¨v‡bj‡K Z`šÍ cÖwµqvi ch©vßZv g~j¨vq‡bi my‡hvM †`qvi cÖ¯vÍ e †`qv n‡qwQj| †kl ch©šÍ `y`K evB‡ii c¨v‡b‡ji m‡½ Z_¨ wewbgq Kivi †Kvb AvbyôvwbK m¤úK© ivLvi welqwU †g‡b †bqwb| me‡k‡l, miKvi evsjv‡`kx AvB‡bi AvIZvq _vKv m‡Z¡I Z`šÍ PjvKv‡j miKvix `vwqZ¡ cvjb †_‡K miKvix e¨w³ eM© (Avgjv I ivR‣bwZKfv‡e wb‡qvMcÖvß) QzwU w`‡Z ivRx nbwb| PviwU e¨e¯’vi g‡a¨ `yÕwU wel‡q HK¨g‡Z †cu․Qz‡Z e¨_© nIqvi d‡j wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki †mZzi Rb¨ mnvqZv evwZj Kiv Qvov Avi †Kvb weKí wQj bv|

wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki cÖ¯vÍ e¸‡jv wK evsjv‡`‡ki AvB‡bi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~b©? wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki Aby‡ivaK…Z mKj c`‡ÿc Ges `~bx©wZi Awf‡hvM m¤ú~b©iƒ‡c evsjv‡`kx AvBb I ixwZ bxwZi I wewa-weav‡bi m‡½ mvgÄm¨c~b©|

‡Kv_vI †Kv_vI miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i wee„wZ‡Z Awf‡hvM Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖvK-‡hvM¨Zv evQvB-Gi mgq wek¦ e¨vsK GKwU Pxbv cÖwZôvb‡K cÿcvZ Kivq miKv‡ii mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©i AebwZ N‡U hvi d‡j cÖKíwU evwZj nq| GwU G‡Kev‡iB mZ¨ bq| wek¦ e¨vsK †Kvb cÖwZôvb‡KB we‡kl AvbyK~j¨ cÖ`k©Y K‡ibv| wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki A_©vq‡b Avgiv hLb µq cÖwµqv Z`viK Kwi, ZLb GwU miKv‡ii `vwqZ¦ _v‡K †h cÖwZôvb wbev©P‡bi mgq †mwU mÿg wKbv Avi Kviv mÿg bv Zv g~j¨vq‡bi bvh¨Zv cÖ`vb Kiv| we‡kl K‡i cÙv †mZzi gZ wewjqY Wjvi Qvwo‡q hvIqv cÖK‡íi ‡ÿ‡Î¨, †Kb cÖwZwU dvg© weW Kivi †hvM¨ A_ev Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvM¨Zvi Afve i‡q‡Q wKbv †m e¨vcv‡i my¯úó I my`„p e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Kiv we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~b©| GB †ÿ‡Î †mZz wefvM Pvqbv †ijI‡q Kb÷ªvKkb K‡cv‡ikb‡K h‡_ó Z_¨vw` QvovB cÖvK‡hvM¨Zv †_‡K ev` w`‡qwQ‡jv| wek¦e¨vsK ev` †`qvi Rb¨ ‡mZz KZ…©cÿ‡K Av‡iv Z_¨ PvB‡Z I cÖ‡qvRbxq h_v©_`v cÖ`v‡b I Aby‡iva K‡i | hLb GB Z_¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q, ZLb wek¦ e¨vsK GB cÖwZôvb‡K ev` w`‡Z miKv‡ii wm×v‡šÍi m‡½ m¤§Z n‡q‡Q| GB wel‡q wek¦ e¨vsK I miKv‡ii †Kvb wØgZ †bB Ges wek¦ e¨vsK eiveiB wbi‡cÿ †_‡K‡Q|

wek¦ e¨vsK †Kb Pzw³i Kvh©Ki nevi †gqv` GKgvm evKx _vK‡ZB cÖKíwU evwZ‡ji wm×všÍ wbj? wek¦ e¨vsK cÖvq GK eQi a‡i miKv‡ii mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q Ges miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K `~bx©wZi cÖgvb‡K m‡¤^v‡avb Kivi e¨cv‡i BwZevPK mvovi cvIqvi Rb¨ A‡cÿv K‡i‡Q| `y:LRbK †h miKvi cÖvq bq gv‡mI †Kvb c`‡ÿc †bqwb | cÙv †mZyi m¤¢vebv Ges RbRxe‡b Gi ¸i‡Z¡i K_v we‡ePbv K‡i wek¦ e¨vsK cÖKíwU euvPv‡Z †kl ch©šÍ †Pôv Pvwj‡q †M‡Q| Riæix wfwˇZ wek¦ e¨vsK GKwU Dcvq †ei Kievi Rb¨ XvKvq GKwU D”P ch©v‡qi `j cvwV‡qwQj| K‡qKw`‡bi Av‡jvPbvi ci, 4wU cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei 2 wUi e¨vcv‡i miKv‡ii w`K n‡Z Kiv m¤¢e bq Rvbv‡bvi ci wek¦ e¨vsK FY evwZ‡ji KwVb wm×všÍwU wb‡Z eva¨ nq|

D”P ch©v‡qi GKRb miKvix Kg©KZ©v Bw½Z w`‡q‡Qb †h cÖKíwU wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki we`vqx †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui †kl Kvh©w`e‡m evwZj n‡q‡Q Ges wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki †`Iqv wee„wZwU cÖwZôv‡b bq eis Zvi e¨w³MZ gZvg‡Zi cÖwZdjb| wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki mKj wm×všÍB cÖvwZôvwbK, †KvbUvB e¨w³‡Kw›`ªK bq| GwU wek¦ e¨vsK g¨v‡bR‡g‡›Ui me©Rbm¤§Z wm×všÍ wQ‡jv, KviI GKK wm×všÍ bq| Ges miKv‡ii `ybx©wZ †gvKvwejv Kivi mw`”Qvi Afve GB wm×všÍ‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q| GB wm×všÍ evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡bi Rb¨ †hgb `y:LRbK †Zgwb `y:LRbK wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki Rb¨I, we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡_ e¨vs‡Ki `xN© m¤ú‡K©i Avw½‡K, ‡h Askx`vwiZ¡ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvq R‡b¥i ci n‡ZB Pjgvb| cÙv †mZzi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~b© cÖK‡í m¤ú„³ bv _vKv wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki Rb¨I mgvb `y:L¨RbK|

evsjv‡`‡k wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki cÖ‡`q F‡Yi my` KZ? evsjv‡`k wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki A½ms¯’v B›Uvib¨vkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U G‡RÝx (AvBwWG) n‡Z my` gy³ FY MÖnb K‡i| cÖvß my`-gy³ F†Yi †gqv` 10 eQ‡ii †iqvZmn 40 eQi Ges mvwf©m PvR© 0.75% cÖ‡hvR¨| 11 Zg n‡Z 20 Zg eQ‡ii g‡a¨ cÖwZ eQi FYK…Z cwigv‡bi kZKiv 2 fvM †kva Ki‡Z nq| Ges evKx 20 eQ‡i cÖwZ eQi Avm‡ji kZKiv 4 fvM †kva Ki‡Z nq|

GKB ai‡Yi NUbvq evsjv‡`k‡K wK Ab¨ †`k n‡Z wfbœ cwiw¯’wZi m¤§Lxb n‡Z n‡”Q? bv| GB ai‡bi NUbv †h †Kvb †`‡k n‡jB GKB ai‡bi cwibvg n‡Zv|

cÖKí evwZj wK wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki Pjgvb Kvh©µg‡K e¨nZ Ki‡e? c`¥v †mZz cÖK‡íi F‡Yi wel‡q wm×všÍ evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi ‡ÿ‡Î wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki e¨vcK Kg©m~wPi Ici †Kvb mivmwi cÖfve ivL‡e bv Ges evsjv‡`‡ki miKvi I ¯’vbxq Rbmvavi‡bi mv‡_ RbRxe‡bi Dbœq‡b Avgiv Nwbófv‡e KvR Ki‡e| eZ©gv‡b wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki 4.4 gvwK©b Wjv‡ii 30wUi †ekx cÖKí Pjgvb i‡q‡Q hv evsjv‡`‡ki Dbœq‡b f~wgKv ivL‡Q| wek¦ e¨vsK MZ K‡qK `k‡K evsjv‡`‡k `ªæZ cÖe„w× AR©b, mvgvwRK Kj¨vY mvab, Ges `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb Lv‡Z D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ae`vb ivL‡Z ‡c‡i LyeB Mwe©Z| Avgv‡`i Avw_©K I KvwiMwi mnvqZv •Zix †cvlvK wkí Lv‡Z me©vwaK Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói j‡ÿ¨ ißvbx evRvi D`vixKiY, `wi`ª cwiev‡ii †g‡q‡`i gva¨wgK ¯‥z‡j cvVv‡bvi wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ e„wË cÖ`vb Ges evsjv‡`‡ki cÖZ¨šÍ A‡j Rxeb I RxweKvq cwieZ©b NUv‡Z MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z †m․i we`y¨r e¨e¯’v Pvjy Ki‡Z Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q| MZ A_© eQ‡i hv Ryb 2012 †kl n‡q‡Q wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki 860 gvwK©b Wjv‡ii ‡ekx FY mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q|

evwZj wm×všÍ c~b©we‡ePbvi †Kvb AeKvk wK Av‡Q? Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k evwZjK…Z FY cybivq Pvjy Kivi †ÿ‡Î wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki gvÎ K‡qKwU bwRi i‡q‡Q| ZvB, GwU Am¤¢e bq| Z‡e GB †ÿ‡Î wm×všÍ cyb:we‡ePbvi Lye mxwgZ my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| KviY, cª¯vÍ weZ PviwUi g‡a¨ `ywU c`‡ÿ‡c cÙv †mZz cÖK‡íi `yb©xwZi cÖgvY m¤ú‡K© `v‡bi e¨vc‡i m‡½ e¨vcK Av‡jvPbvi ciI miKvi BwZevPK mvov w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| GwU GKwU `ytLRbK NUbv| GB †mZzwU evsjv‡`‡ki `wÿYcwðgvÂj I mviv †`‡ki cÖe„w× †Rvi`vi I Rxeb hvÎvi cwieZ‡©bi Rb¨ we‡kl m¤¢vebvgq wQ‡jv| | wek¦ e¨vsK evsjv‡`k‡K mnvqZv w`‡Z Ges `vwi`ª¨ KvwU‡q IV‡Z Ges mykvm‡Yi wfwËi Ici GKwU mg„× RvwZ wn‡m‡e M‡o IVvi ¯^cœ c~i‡Y A½xKvie×|

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...Introduction The Small and Medium scale Enterprise (SME) are recognized worldwide as engines of economic growth. The commonly perceived merits often emphasized for their promotion especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh include their relatively high labor intensity, dependence on indigenous skills and technology, contributions to entrepreneurship development and innovativeness and growth of industrial linkages. The case for fostering SME growth in Bangladesh is irrefutable as these industries offer bright prospects for creating large-scale employment and income earning opportunities at relatively low cost for the unemployed especially in the rural areas strengthening the efforts towards achieving high and sustained economic growth which are critically important prerequisites for triggering an exit from endemic poverty and socio-economic deprivation. These promotional arguments for the SMEs, while universally emphasized are often put forward by their ardent advocates in a small versus large context and thus arouse serious debates concerning their economic viability. Much of such controversies may, however breakdown if the intrinsic virtues specific to SMEs and unavailable to large-scale industries are correctly identified and carefully exploited. A combined interaction of the forces of product-mix, location factors, technological advantages and market advantages create opportunities for SMEs to grow and prosper at all levels of development which are often ignored...

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