So can a phobia be classical condition or an addiction be operant conditioned into existence? Some scientists believe that it can, but then the question is what is operant and classical conditioning? Also what is extinction mean and how is it achieved in both conditions? These are the topics I will be answer and I will also be giving examples to each phobia and addiction that can happen through classical and operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning “Classical conditioning is when an environmental
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Phobias and Addictions Phobias and Addictions As classical and operant conditioning may be of normal use in day-to-day life it can also assist with phobias and addictions. Phobias pertain to fear or feeling of nervousness, anxiety, racing heart or a general feeling of uneasiness. Phobias may develop with certain stimuli, by an event inadvertly to a loved one, friend or one self. For example: when I was young my brother would tell me that monsters would come after me at night in the dark;
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Associationistic Theory of Learning Bevon Barker PSY 331 Instructor : Megan Mclaughlin 8-1-11 In life we are prone to experiencing different experiences; some through emotions, love and other inferences. We associate different experiences and try to form a plethora of comforts; a sense in which we can revisit to help us to assess new experiences throughout our lives. In other words, we learn from our mistakes, trials and tribulations. From a personal standpoint, I can honestly say
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theory states that babies form attachments in the same way any behaviour is acquired: it is learned. There are two different ways of learning, according to the theory: Classical conditioning (learning through association) and Operant conditioning (learning through repetition or punishment). The first type, Classical conditioning, is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occuring stimulus. If, for example, we were to use an infant and
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early 1950s. This theory is of the belief that there is a “relation between observable behaviors and environmental events or stimuli” (Kowalski and Westen, 2009). Classic conditioning was a method created due to the research of one Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov conditioned his dogs to begin salivating at the sound of a bell. Classic conditioning generally speaking is where the subject has been trained to give certain responses due to certain stimuli (Heffner, 2011). Exhibit A would be Pavlov’s dogs. Skinner later
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Classical conditioning is a learning procedure that happens through associations between a naturally occurring stimulus and an environmental stimulus. It was discovered by Ivan Pavlov who was a Russian physiologist. Classical conditioning is based on behaviorism which states that learning happens through interactions with the environment. Classical conditioning is used to decrease or increase a behavior. This theory occurs by placing a neutral signal before a naturally occurring reflex. Additionally
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Cognitive model and behavioural model are two of the most common approaches that have been using by the marketers to understand the consumer behaviour. Both approaches have their own supporters who are the theorists or marketers. However, there has been an argument that about which model describes the consumer behaviour the best existed in markets for decades. “Consumer behavior is widely understood as a problem-solving and decision-making sequence, the outcome of which is determined by the buyer's
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Psyc 341 Studyguide Ch. 6 Ivan Pavlov – Classical Conditioning of Personality - Dog Studying (And Baby Albert) o Unconditioned stimulus o Unconditioned response o Conditioned response ♣ Neutral Stimulus linked with Unconditioned Stimulus ♣ Unconditioned Stimulus removed ♣ Neutral Stimulus -> Conditioned response - Generalization o Conditioned responses can occur in response to stimuli similar to conditioned stimulus - Discrimination o Learning to tell the difference between different
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When training a dog to sit, classical conditioning does not serve as the only way to train a dog to sit, but it usually is the easiest. Humans enjoy food, much like a dog does so if we were to be trained to type one-hundred words and then we’d get a treat that we enjoy, that would be a good example. Now if we were training a dog to sit, we would show them what the word sit means. You would use the word sit and physically show the dog how to sit, maybe by pushing the dog’s backside down on the
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through drives such as hunger. These kind of drives which are related to biological needs are known as primary needs. Learning can be due to associations being made (Classical conditioning) or behaviour can be altered by reinforcements or punishments (Operant conditioning). Learning through association is called classical conditioning. It’s a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired to the point where the response that happens from the unconditioned stimulus now happens
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