ICTs As Enablers of Development: A Microsoft White Paper December 2004 Executive Summary Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are transforming societies and fueling the growth of the global economy. Yet despite the broad potential of ICTs, their benefits have not been spread evenly. Indeed, using ICTs effectively to foster social inclusion and economic growth is among the key challenges facing policymakers today. As one of the world’s leading ICT firms, Microsoft brings
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risk of foreign aid being contaminated by corruption, the poorest countries should be avoided. This would, however, make aid policy rather pointless. This is the basic dilemma corruption raises for aid policy. Unlike international business most development aid organisations and international finance institutions have the lion’s share of their activities located in highly corrupt countries (Alesina and Weder, 1999). The international community in general and some donor countries in particular are,
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Chapter 1 SIGMUND FREUD AN INTRODUCTION Sigmund Freud, pioneer of Psychoanalysis, was born on 6th May 1856 in Freiberg to a middle class family. He was born as the eldest child to his father’s second wife. When Freud was four years old, his family shifted and settled in Vienna. Although Freud’s ambition from childhood was a career in law, he decided to enter the field of medicine. In 1873, at the age of seventeen, Freud enrolled in the university as a medical student
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encourage re-urbanisation UDCs (urban development corporations) Set up to regenerate areas that contained large amounts of derelict land. UDCs had power to acquire land, clear it and provide infrastructure; they were then to encourage the private sector to develop the area. The UDCs bought economic development to the areas they were set up in but local needs were often ignore by the outside investors who just ploughed in and did it their way. Subsequent developments have tried to take the needs of
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underprivileged states is the noblest international practice in contemporary globalized society. According to Chenery and Strout (2006), the core motive for international aid emanated from the human being moral obligation of supporting and facilitating each other depending on one strengths and abilities. By considering its inimitable nature, international aid has its own unique disadvantage and advantage. Being the most useful tool for development is a decisive advantage that characterizes international
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the pioneer psychologists who concentrated on the systematic analysis of cognitive development. Jean Piaget contributed in the field of learning by developing a theory of cognitive development in children. His detailed and close observational studies of children’s cognition in addition to administering ingenious tests to children revealed varying cognitive abilities. Piaget’s drive to study the cognitive development in children was informed by the psychological assumption that children have reduced
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RURAL DEVELOPMENT CHUPICAL SHOLLAH MANUEL The term ‘community participation’ has recently come to play a central role in the discourse of rural development practitioners and policy makers. At the same time, people’s interpretations of the term and criticisms of other people’s interpretations have multiplied, and the intentions and results of much participation in practice have been questioned or even denounced (Booth, 2005) and Cornwall, 2004). Community participation as a methodology has become
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The idea of human development is found in the 1990s and this is a tradition of thought that is unashamed to call itself universalist when it comes to the basics of that we all need to live a “good life” and also we are unwilling to give up the belief of that we are all equally entitled to enjoy such things. Because of this idea and point of view, there comes a problem of poverty and global inequality. Sen is born in Bengal in 1993 and he has spend the larger part of his working life at institutions
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Personally I believe that urbanization is not a necessary and desirable aspect of development due to the fact that it results in the opposite effect being ‘crowded cities with slum conditions’, the exact opposite result of what the developing country aimed to achieve and this not being a necessary step towards the process of development. Modernization theorists, looking back to the model of the Western development, see the growth of cities as an essential part of economic growth. Cities provide
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International Development Law Introduction The USA perspective on five debates on International Development The aim of this introductory section of the paper is to highlight what position the United States of America have officially undertaken in international development assistance. As we will see, the international development law is a field whose borders are not clearly defined. International Development Law’s ( herein IDL) shades can be found in many fields such as International Economic Law
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