avoided through diversification. Whereas this type of risk affects a broad range of securities, unsystematic risk affects a very specific group of securities or an individual security. Systematic risk can be mitigated only by being hedged. Even a portfolio of well-diversified assets cannot escape all risk. ________________________________________________________________________________ Definition of 'Unsystematic Risk' Company or industry specific risk that is inherent in each investment. The amount
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CHAPTER 2 RISK AND RETURN: PART I (Difficulty: E = Easy, M = Medium, and T = Tough) True-False Easy: (2.2) Payoff matrix Answer: a Diff: E [i]. If we develop a weighted average of the possible return outcomes, multiplying each outcome or "state" by its respective probability of occurrence for a particular stock, we can construct a payoff matrix of expected returns. a. True b. False (2.2) Standard deviation Answer: a Diff: E [ii]. The tighter the probability
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Modern portfolio theory From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Portfolio analysis" redirects here. For theorems about the mean-variance efficient frontier, see Mutual fund separation theorem. For non-mean-variance portfolio analysis, see Marginal conditional stochastic dominance. Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory of finance which attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully
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INVESTMENT STRATEGY AND SELECTION: The strategy employed for Stock-Trak was to diversify our portfolio among the sectors and various stocks. The goal was to earn at minimum 3% on the principal, and this was to be obtained by doing technical analysis and looking for stocks that showed future potential for a price increase, or a price decrease in the case of a short sell. We also looked for news from the companies that would positively or negatively impact them. We were more inclined towards trading
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All of the models to be discussed, i.e. Markowitz, Single Index, CAPM, and APT, have one single goal that is accomplished by using them. This goal is to make a portfolio, or individual securities, as efficient and well performing as possible by finding the optimal weights, highest return, and lowest risk. The Harry Markowitz model of 1952, or the mean-variance model, was one of the earliest models created to compare and contrast securities outcomes. This model uses the weights, standard deviation
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return are strongly correlated. A higher risk usually yields a higher return. Our team observed that within Alex Sharpe’s portfolio, the Reynolds’ fund holds the highest risk (highest standard deviation of 32.45%), as well as the highest return (16.27% in comparison to Hasbro’s return of 11.31%). Although a lower standard deviation (lower risk) is ideal for an investment portfolio, the Reynolds’ fund yields a higher return for the higher associated risk. Furthermore, our team’s data illustrated that
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Markowitz Mantra * Required Basic Concepts! As randomly selected securities are combined to create a portfolio, the __________ risk of the portfolio decreases until 10 to 20 securities are included. The portion of the risk eliminated is __________ risk, while that remaining is __________ risk * o diversifiable; nondiversifiable; total o relevant; irrelevant; total o total; diversifiable; nondiversifiable o total; nondiversifiable; diversifiable The higher an asset's beta, * o the more
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risk aversion for investors Textbook Example: Basic Food’s Price up to $150 from $100 Sale.com Price down to $75 from 100. Difference in return, 20%-10%= Risk Premium Risk in Portfolio Context Expected return on portfolio=Weighted expected return=rp=i=1nwiri Portfolio Risk Stocks can be combined into portfolios which then become less risky to riskless depending on the correlation of the assets. Stocks with a ρ=-1 are perfectly negatively correlated. The inverse is positively correlated.
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been proven that owing a group of financial securities can assist the investor to improve the return/risk tradeoff; that is owing eight stocks will produce an improved return/risk product over time versus owing one stock. Therefore, in evaluating a portfolio it is critically important to compare returns and risks involved; but in order to compare and evaluate returns and risks the investor has to know how to calculate these two important criteria (Markowitz, 1970). The return of a stock is based on
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deviations because the coefficient of variation considers the relative size of the expected returns of each investment. E8-4. Computing the expected return of a portfolio Answer: rp (0.45 0.038) (0.4 0.123) (0.15 0.174) (0.0171) (0.0492) (0.0261 0.0924 9.24% The portfolio is expected to have a return of approximately 9.2%. E8-5. Calculating a portfolio beta Answer: Beta (0.20 1.15) (0.10 0.85) (0.15 1.60) (0.20 1.35) (0.35 1.85) 0.2300 0.0850 0.2400 0.2700 0.6475 1.4725 E8-6. Calculating the required rate
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