majority shareholder of a taxpayer company incorporated overseas, was considered to be the managing director and agent who alone could decide upon the entering of contracts by the company in Australia. The company was found to derive its income and have tax residency in Australia “despite the directors being non-resident and meeting outside Australia” due to central management and control being held by an Australian resident. Similarly in Crown several indicators of absolute authority held by an Australian
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orkMultinational Corporations 1. Multinational Corporations http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ355/choi/mul.htm Definition of MNC | Multinational firms arise because capital is much more mobile than labor. Since cheap labor and raw material inputs are located in other countries, multinational firms establish subsidiaries there. They are often criticized as being runaway corporations.Economists are not in agreement as to how multinational or transnational corporations should be defined
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Vishnu Venkateswaran Writing 140: Section #64330 Rory Lukins November 15th, 2013 Assignment #4 The Tea Party’s Illegitimate Reactions to Perceived Failures of Society Signs that read “revolt against socialism”, arguments racing across the floors of Congress, and meddling in the electoral process to protest against the Democratic agenda are just a small number of the Tea Party’s activities. The Tea Party is a movement spurred on by CNBC’s Rick Santelli whose angry rant rouse the fervor of many
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duration Income of persons trying to alienate his assets with a view to avoiding payment of tax. Income of discontinued business. Person [Sec 2(31)] Individual Hindu undivided Family A company A Firm An Association of persons or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not A local authority Artificial judicial person Assessee [Sec 2(7)] Assessee means a person by whom income-tax or any other sum of money is payable under the Act. Every person in respect of whom any proceeding
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political will, corruption and poor law enforcement. 2. There have been many countries like China, Spain and Canada that have successfully curbed smuggling in spite of a tax hike – and this was possible due to strong government commitment. Q: Why is there a need to increase the tax rates significantly? A: First, the current tax rates have proven to be ineffective in curbing cigarette and alcohol consumption. “Enjoying” one of the cheapest cigarettes in the region has led to high cigarette consumption
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Tax Reform Position Paper Taxes are necessary because they fund the services provided by government. Americans will pay trillions in taxes. Beyond funding government, the federal tax system has profound effects on the economy as a whole and on individual taxpayers, both for today and tomorrow. Taxes change people’s behavior and influence the economy by altering incentives to work, consume, save and invest. This affects economic growth and future income, therefore, future government revenues.
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circumstances, government fiscal policies during 1970s and 1980s were largely oriented at rehabilitating the war-torn economy as well as stabilising it from various shocks. This had gradually lead to weak fiscal structure and poor fiscal management. The tax structure was such that any increase in taxes due to built-in consequences of economic growth was virtually not possible. This was because of the fact that despite a moderate growth of the economy, income distribution was skewed, and had been pushing
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INDIA TRYING TO LIBERALISE: INTRODUCTION The foundation of credible national security is based on the level of economic prosperity and well-being of the population of any country. This is especially so for developing countries like India. The attainment of sustained high economic growth is a necessary condition for improving the national security and the quality of life of the people throughout the country Many developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including China and India
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1. The equations below represent the Open Economy Model of Mankiw’s Chapter 5, which determines the endogenous variables Y, C, I, NX, and in terms of the exogenous variables K , L , G , and T . Suppose that the money demand function is [M/P]^d = 1000-100r where r is the interest rate in percent.? The money supply M is 1000 and the price level P is 2. What is the equilibrium interest rate? Assume that the price level is fixed. What happens to the equilibrium interest rate if the supply
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mismanagement caused Argentina’s 2001 crisis Summary: It is believed that the fiscal mismanagement which came from 1) fiscal indiscipline. 2) loose fiscal policy, caused Argentina’s 2001 crisis. Each of these two parts covered the problems of the country’s tax system, fiscal policy, currency policy and government management. The following contents will give more details. Fiscal indiscipline contributed to the crisis Fiscal indiscipline
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