...Get Your Organ Here.....get your viable organ Excelsior University Get Your Organ Here.....get your viable organ Exceptional lifesaving transplantation of human tissues, have allowed us to prolong life due to technical advances in science and medicine. The market place for buying and selling of human organs should be legalized and regulated by the government. There is currently a widespread shortage of human organs available for transplantation (United Network for Organ Sharing, n.d.). The current program of unpaid organ donation is insufficient and has failed to produce anywhere near enough organs to meet the demand for them. The gap between supply and demand is wider in countries where there are strong religious sanctions or cultural inhibitions (Scheper-Hughes, 2000, p. 1). However, if people could be paid for their organs then many who would not donate them would sell them. This, by true measure is Autonomy. Persons are said to be autonomous when their actions are truly their own (A Scension Health, n.d.). No right is held more sacred or judiciously defended than that of every individual to possess control of his/her own person. Organ transplantation contributes significantly towards improving health, value of lifespan and decrease’s the probability of death from organ failure. We have a global market place for the sale of goods and services. Why should human organs be any different? Yes this notion conjures up a distressing scenario of ideas to which many objections...
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...structures large enough to be seen with the naked eye. a. Regional anatomy is the study of all body structures in a given body region. b. Systemic anatomy is the study of all structures in a body system. c. Surface anatomy is the study of internal body structures as they relate to the overlying skin. 2. Microscopic anatomy is the study of structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. a. Cytology is the study of individual cells. b. Histology is the study of tissues. 3. Developmental anatomy is the study of the change in body structures over the course of a lifetime; embryology focuses on development that occurs before birth. 4. Specialized Branches of Anatomy a. Pathological anatomy is the study of structural changes associated with disease. b. Radiographic anatomy is the study of internal structures using specialized visualization techniques. c. Molecular biology is the study of biological molecules. 5. Essential tools for studying anatomy are the mastery of medical terminology and the development of keen observational skills. C. Topics of Physiology (p. 2) 1. Physiology has several topics, most of which consider the function of specific organ systems. 2. Physiology often focuses on cellular and molecular events. D. Complementarity of Structure and Function (pp. 2–3) 1. The principle of complementarity of structure and function states that...
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...able to list an example of each. 3. Recognize the 11 organ systems. Recognize major organs and 1-2 major functions of each organ system. 4. Arrange the levels of structural organization from the most complex to simple. 5. What is homeostasis? 6. What is meant by the idea that homeostasis is a “dynamic process”? 7. What 2 organ systems are primarily involved in the maintenance of homeostasis? Which responds more quickly? 8. Can you describe an example of the nervous system regulating homeostasis? 9. Can you describe an example of the endocrine system regulating homeostasis? 10. List and describe the 3 basic parts of a homeostatic regulator mechanism? 11. What are characteristics of negative feedback? 12. What are characteristics of positive feedback? 13. Diagram an example of negative feedback. Identify the 3 basic parts in your example. 14. List 2 examples of positive feedback. 15. What is a homeostatic imbalance? What is a possible outcome of homeostatic imbalance? 16. What are general effects of aging on homeostasis? 17. Describe/recognize the anatomical position. Why do we need to understand this? 18. Name/label the major body cavities, their subdivisions, and the major organs contained within (be complete) . 19. What is the structure and function of serous membranes? 20. There are 2 layers of serous membranes. Name each and describe where each layer is located with respect to the organ/cavity. 21. What are the specific names of the serous...
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...Name: Date: November 10, 2013 Instructor’s Name: Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 4 Lab Report Title: Exploring Endocrine, Circulatory, and Respiratory Systems Instructions: Your lab report will consist of the completed tables. Label each component of the endocrine, cardiovascular (circulatory), and respiratory systems and their functions in the following tables. When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files. 1. Endocrine System: Observe the diagram showing the major organs of the endocrine system. Using the textbook and Virtual Library resources, fill in the following table: Endocrine System Note: Some organs support the system, but may not produce or secrete hormones. |Number |Name of the Organ or Part |Hormone(s) Produced or Secreted | |1 |Parathyroid glands |Parathyroid hormone | |2 |Thyroid gland |Thyroxine, calcitonin | |3 |Trachea |No hormone secreted | |4 |Pineal gland |Melatonin | |5 |Hypothalamus |Produces ADH and oxytocin, regulatory hormones for...
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...Organ Donation: Legalizing Human Kidney Sales The process of organ donation has existed for many years and throughout that time the system has endured controversies and changes. One of those changes occurred in the late 1960s when the development of immunosuppressive drugs made it possible for people to donate organs to patients who were not related to them (Fentiman 43). This discovery benefited many patients in need of a transplant, but also opened the door to controversies such as organ sales. The first proposal to sell organs came from Virginia physician Dr. H. Barry Jacobs in 1983. He suggested that whoever could afford to buy a kidney should be allowed to do so. As a result of Dr. Jacobs’s proposal, Congress banned the sale of organs in 1984, and that law still exists today (Meckler A.1). Another change in organ donation happened in 1968, when the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act was introduced. This tried to increase the donor pool and make donating a person’s organs at his or her time of death easier. The act, however, did not raise the donation pool enough to keep up with the organ transplant waiting list (Fentiman 43). The waiting list is the topic of another controversy that has been occurring for several years and still exists today. Currently, there are 98,010 people on the waiting list, and 74,260 of those people are waiting for a kidney transplant (Alexander A1; “Paying Donors . . . ” 8A). Chelsea Lopez is one of those patients hoping to receive that life-saving donation...
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...Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Human Anatomy and Physiology, 12th ed. Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology I. Introduction A. The interests of our earliest ancestors most likely concerned injuries and illness because healthy bodies demand little attention from their owners. B. Primitive people certainly suffered from occasional aches and pains, injuries, bleeding, broken bones, and diseases. C. Before agriculture, infectious diseases did not spread easily because isolated bands of people had little contact with each other. D. With agriculture, humans became susceptible to worm diseases because excrement was used in fertilizers and less reliance was placed on wild plants that offered their protective substances. E. With urbanization, humans became more susceptible to infectious diseases and malnutrition. F. Tooth decay was lowest among hunter-gathers and highest among city residents. G. Preserved bones from children can reflect malnutrition because when a child starves or suffers from severe infection, the ends of the bones stop growing. When health returns, growth resumes, but leaves behind areas of dense bone. H. At first healers had to rely on superstitions and notions about magic. I. The forerunners of modern drugs were herbs and potions. J. Early medical providers developed the language of anatomy and physiology from Greek and Latin. II. Anatomy and Physiology ...
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...Should Organ Market be legalized? Many people die each year while waiting on the list for an organ. The National Organ Transplant Act was founded to address the organ donation shortage and improve the organ matching. The National Organ Transplant Act is responsible for the placement process and the managing of the waitlist. But in title three section one of the National Organ Transplant Act the federal government bans the buying and selling of organs in the United States. The growth in population and the decrease in organ donation has resulted in organs deficit. There is a growing supply and demand gap in the United States. The non-legalization of organ markets goes against the concept of choice and individual rights which is part of the foundation of the United States. The body is a private property and people should have the right to do as they please with their body. By having an organ market there will be many economic and personal benefits. Some arguments that are proposed by people against the organ market are that the legalization of the sale of human organs would create a black market. A black market that might increase crime in the illegal pursuit of organs. It is also believed that organ market will result in many negative externalities; a negative externality is a cost that is suffered by a third party that was not included in the original plans. An example of a negative externality that would arise from the legalization of organ market would be an increasing child...
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...Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 4 Lab Report Title: Exploring Endocrine, Circulatory, and Respiratory Systems Instructions: Your lab report will consist of the completed tables. Label each component of the endocrine, cardiovascular (circulatory), and respiratory systems and their functions in the following tables. When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files. 1. Endocrine System: Observe the diagram showing the major organs of the endocrine system. Using the textbook and Virtual Library resources, fill in the following table: Endocrine System Note: Some organs support the system, but may not produce or secrete hormones. |Number |Name of the Organ or Part |Hormone(s) Produced or Secreted | |1 |Parathyroid glands |Produces the parathyroid hormone that regulates levels of calcium | | | |in the bloodstream (Falls, p. 111, 2012). | |2 |Thyroid gland | Produces thyroxine and calcitonin which control body metabolism; | | | |transforms to energy from nutrients (Falls, p. 111, 2012). | |3 |Trachea |This organ does not secrete a hormone but only supports | |4 |Pineal gland ...
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...difference between facilitated transport and active transport; do not state they both move substances across membranes. 9. What is an organelle? Which organelle is a processing, packaging and shipping center for proteins and lipids? 10. Where would you find the nucleolus? What happens there? 11. What is the role of the ribosome? 12. Which organelle digests macromolecules, worn out cell parts, debris and disease-causing microbes? 13. What structures are associated with cell movement? 14. What is the most significant difference in structure between rough and smooth ER? What type of macromolecule do each produce? 15. Which organelle makes ATP? 16. What is the most important product of cellular respiration? 17. List the three major steps in cellular respiration. (3 pts) 18. How does the body use the oxygen that we breathe? In other words, what is oxygen's final function? 19. What ATP producing process occurs during anaerobic conditions? 20. Glucose enters cells from the blood stream by what type of transport? 21. What are the 4 major types of tissue? (List.) 22. What type of epithelial cells are found in the lining of the nose? 23. The skin is the major organ of the _____________ system. The top layer of the skin is called the...
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...The Circulatory System Rajat Goyal and Michelle Fater Table of Contents Table of Contents Human Organ Systems The Circulatory System Open Circulatory System Closed Circulatory System Functions of the System Heart Pulse Chambers of the Heart Arteries Veins Blood Oxygenation of Blood Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Antigens Plasma Cells and Platelets Circulatory Systems of Other Organisms Mammals and Birds Amphibians and Reptiles Fish First Aid Glossary About the Authors Illustration Credits 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 19 21 23 24 1 Human Organ Systems Humans have several organ systems: the immune system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the lymphatic System, the digestive system, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the endocrine system, the excretory system, the reproductive system, the integumentary system, and the nervous system. Each of these systems are responsible for carrying out unique functions that are essential for human life. Humans cannot live if one of these systems malfunctions. This book focuses on the circulatory system and its components. 2 The Circulatory System The circulatory system is made up of the vessels and muscles that help to control the flow of blood throughout the body. This process is called circulation. The main parts of this system are the heart, the arteries, the capillaries, and the veins through which the blood flows. As blood begins to circulate, it leaves the heart from the left ventricle...
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...1.Circulatory system - pumping blood to and from the body and lungs with the heart 2.Digestive system - digestion and processing food with salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, rectum, and anus. 3.Endocrine system: communication within the body using hormones made by endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids, and adrenals or adrenal glands 4.Immune system: protecting against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. 5. Integumentary system: skin, hair and nails 6. Lymphatic system: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream, the lymph and the nodes and vessels that transport it including the Immune system: defending against disease-causing agents with leukocytes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus, and spleen 7.Muscular system: movement with muscles. 8.Nervous system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and nerves 9.Reproductive system: the sex organs, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis. 10. Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. 11. Skeletal system: structural support and protection with bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Source: en.wikipedia...
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...anatomy is the science of body structures and the relationship among them, while Physiology is the study of body functions and how body parts work together. Now, with all of that being said Anatomy differs from physiology in many ways, the study of anatomy usually focuses on the shape, size, and where they are usually located at. In my perspective anatomy is more like dissection of the body, you can easily cut up the body and with your very own eyes see what the body is, or in more scientific forms using a microscope for a more detailed view. A person can easily see what they are encountering on a body and what system is connected to what. In physiology its rather more vigorous mostly involving different types of properties (chemical, physical or electrical) that make the body function. Beginning from the process of how our heart rate is regulated to more difficult systems involving different visual perceptions. Physiology is usually involved with the work of living organisms or the tissue to understand the whole process; typically to do this you use dissection, medical imaging techniques, and lastly laboratory analysis of samples of specimens. Position is everything, we stand up and we sit down, we fall down and we get right back up. Am I right? We have many different body positions that we use every single day. When the body is erect , the head is...
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...Chapter 11 question 9 Describe and give function of a neuron cell body, a dendrite and an axon. Neurons are organized to form complex networks that perform the functions of the nervous system. They are also called nerve cells. The function of neurons is to receive stimuli and transmit the action potential to other neurons or the effector organs. There are three parts to a neuron that include; a cell body and two processes known as axon and dendrites. The cell body is call neuron cell body. It contains a single, relatively large and centrally located nucleus that has a prominent nucleolus. The nucleus is surrounded by rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cell body also contains other organelles and mitochondria.Cell body differs...
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...Organization All living organisms have a definite shape and size as well as physical and chemical composition inherited from their parents. This is possible because of a high degree of organization. The molecules of which an organism is made up are organized into cells, which in turn are organized into tissues, organs and organ systems making the whole individual. This kind of complex organization is not found in non-living things. Metabolism Green plants obtain their nourishment from the environment in the form of water, carbon dioxide, and certain minerals which are utilized to synthesize carbohydrates during photosynthesis. Carbohydrates are in turn broken down during respiration and the energy thus released is used to synthesize other organic compounds like lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc. which make up the body. Animals, bacteria and fungi, on the other hand, obtain nourishment in the form of organic compounds and utilize them to synthesize compounds they need. Such reactions do not occur in non-living objects. Growth and Development Living organisms often arise from a single cell which divides and re-divides to form a large number of cells that differentiate into the various organs of the body. These kind of phenomena are not known in the non-living world. Reproduction Living organisms, unlike non-living, are universally recognized by their capacity to multiply their own types by means of asexual or sexual reproduction. Utility All living things require energy for the sustenance...
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...Respiratory system Nose | Air enters and leaves the respiratory system through the nose. It warms and moistens the air before it reaches the lungs, and helps remove unwanted particles, like dust and soot. | Trachea | The trachea is also known as the windpipe. It is a bony tube, which connects the nose and mouth to the lungs, hence is an important part of the respiratory system in vertebrates | Lungs | The lungs take in oxygen, which the body's cells need to live and carry out their normal functions. The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the cells. | Nervous system Brain | The brain is like a central computer that control bodily functions. It is protected by the skull to reduce damage. It is divided into many parts, including the cerebrum and brain stem. It stores and sorts out information before sending out any necessary commands. It is the centre of control and its job would be incomplete without the spinal cord. | Nerves | Each nerve is connected to a particular area and is responsible for connection to and from different regions of the body. ‘Multiple sclerosis’ is a problem which can damage nerves and prevent signals to travel from them. | Spinal cord | The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerve tissues. It is protected by the vertebrae so it doesn’t get damaged. There is also fluid that helps protect nerve tissue, keeping it healthy by removing waste products. The brains job would not be possible without the spinal cord. | Sense...
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