Free Essay

9/11 Media Coverage

In:

Submitted By ggabby0501
Words 482
Pages 2
9/11 Media Coverage
The attacks that took place on September 11, 2001 were one of the biggest tragedies in the history of the United States. It is reported that in these attacks 2,996 people were killed and there was at least $10 billion dollars in property and infrastructure damage. As soon as the attacks took place, media coverage began. Everyone was shocked at what had just happened and no one could believe that the United States was under attack. Media coverage of this event lasted for months and months. One interesting media coverage article about the 9/11 attacks is the New York Times article How Accurate Are Memories of 9/11? by Ingfei Chen which I read a few years ago. This article has stayed in the back of my mind because it presents an interesting issue that has to do with the President of the United States and 9/11 that not many of us are familiar with.
The main concern of this article is the fact that President George W. Bush’s stories on how he heard the news about the 9/11 attacks are inconsistent. In his first version, Bush claims that he was outside a classroom in a school when he saw on TV that a plane hit the tower. In his second version, Bush claims that it was Karl Rove, his senior adviser, who broke the news to him by saying there was an accident involving a plane. Finally, Bush gave a third version of his story, where he claims to have seen the plane fly into the tower on a TV set. Three different versions of such a tragic event? So which version is it?
These alterations sparked a lot of controversy. What worsened the situation was that this was the President of the United States of America. The controversy went up to the point that some Americans started to think that the President might have been involved in a conspiracy to attack the United States. How could he not remember the way in which he was informed about the fact that this country was under a terrorist attack? These things don’t happen often. Actually, they barely happen. American was under a brutal attack and the President of our country was not sure about how he heard the news?
People claim that there are many different possible explanations for this. Some of these explanations include that Bush’s alterations were due to the stress he was experiencing. Other explanations include the fact that Bush could have been nervous when asked this question. A more simplistic explanation according to scientists is the fact that his memory failed him because the human memory changes over time. Whatever the explanation is, it is still shocking that the President of the United States does not remember correctly what exactly he was doing when his country was under attack.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

War & Peace

...Brooke Basham April 20 2014 Research Paper News coverage is always evolving. The media industry gets a jolt from certain events, which brings instant change on how the media portrays these events. The media is faced with extreme controversy because media outlets are bias. The media is a form of propaganda making their bias tendencies a serious problem. Fox news was the most popular news coverage during the 2003 invasion on Iraq. They influenced other media outlets to cover war in the same way. CNN and MSNBC do not cover war the same way as Fox. The media has a tendency to leave out important information while covering war. They usually only show the pro-war side and not the anti-war side. As we all know, the media is a huge part of our every day lives. Whether we notice it or not, television and the Internet is our main source to obtain information. It is commonly used and widespread because it is used in many countries. Today, most people have phones that can access the Internet making a source of media right at your fingertips. We want to believe everything the media says because they are delivering important information about our country, but unfortunately it is not always accurate. Some believe media coverage is mainly influenced by national contexts. Coverage is expected to vary from news station to news station (Gerhards and Schafer 2013). A news station has different journalist, which separates every station from each other. Each station may believe in different...

Words: 2349 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Mass Media's Role In Moral Panics

...Young (2011) indicates that mass media plays a vital role in moral panic situations. The three criteria that Young (2011) suggests to be central to moral panic include; the propagating and circulating of stereotypical images of deviance, reinforcing and building on people’s feelings of alarm and propelling or engaging in deviance amplification. A clear example of a moral panic that fits Young’s three criteria is the concept of ‘Islamophobia’. ‘Islamophobia’ is a broad term that allows for prejudice, hatred and fear toward Islam (Morgan 2014). This moral panic has resulted in distress for many Muslims who have been brushed with criminality and terrorist labels especially after the repercussion of 9/11 (Collins 2005). It is evident that following on from the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Islamic and Muslim culture has been a target in media speculation and have somewhat become ‘folk devils’ with many becoming subject to demonisation (Tottoli...

Words: 459 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

The 2003 Iraq War Did Not Take Place

...Media and Socio-Cultural Change The 2003 Iraq War Did Not Take Place Did the 2003 Iraq War take place? This question derived from Jean Baudrillard’s essay with the title ‘The Gulf War did not take place’ written in 1991 in response to the Gulf War (August 2, 1990 - February 28, 1991). Baudrillard began his essay with a provocative statement “Since this war was won in advance, we will never know what it would have been like had it existed. We will never know what an Iraqi taking part with a chance of fighting would have been like. We will never know what an American taking part with a chance of being beaten would have been like” (Baudrillard, 2004). This bold paragraph prompts us re-think whether the war actually occurred as what we saw, read or heard from the news and the media, however we are not supposed to consider this literary. Baudrillard’s argument was to demonstrate the war perceived by the world was not the “actual” war rather it was a media spectacle. According to Kellner, “Media Spectacles are those phenomena of media culture which embody contemporary society's basic values, serve to enculturate individuals into its way of life, and dramatize it's controversies and struggles, as well as its modes of conflict resolution." (Kellner, 2005) In Kellner’s essay ‘September 11, Spectacles of Terror, and Media Manipulation: A Critique of Jihadist and Bush Media Politics’, he implied how media spectacles have been used by terrorists and the Bush government to promote...

Words: 1560 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Disciplining the Body

...ARTICLES Sociology o Sport Journal, 1998, 15, 1-20 f O 1998 Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. "Disciplining the Body": HIV-Positive Male Athletes, Media Surveillance,and the Policing of Sexuality Shari Lee Dworkin and Faye Linda Wachs University of Southern California This paper analyzes how mainstream print media polices sexuality through framings of HIV-positive male athletes. We analyze the HN-positive announcements of Magic Johnson, Greg Louganis, and Tommy Morrison. Specifically, we discuss differences between the framing of gay men (Louganis) and self-identifiedheterosexual men (Johnson and Morrison). First, there is an extensive search for the ways Magic Johnson and Tommy Morrison contracted HIVIAIDS. Media coverage emphasizes that "straights can get it too" through promiscuity and a "fast lane" lifestyle. Consistent with the historically automatic conflation of HIVIAIDS with gay identity, the media pose no inquiries into the cause of Louganis' HIV transmission. We close our discussion by focusing on the meaning of extending the signifier of HIVIAIDS beyond gay bodies to include working class and black male bodies. Media surveillance of sexual identity and the body reinforces hegemonic masculinity in sport while feeding into the current sexual hierarchy in U.S. culture. Cette Ctude porte sur la f a ~ o n les mCdias Ccrits surveillent et contr6lent la sexualit6 par dont le biais de leur traitement des athlktes masculins skro-positifs.Nous analysons les annonces de skro-positivitk...

Words: 10069 - Pages: 41

Free Essay

Media Reaction

...Media Reaction Paper The way modern technology and the advancements made in communication this have influenced the American people. In the last decade the effects that media plays has helped with opinions that people make has escalated. With the invention of television and the Internet has allowed the news to travel throughout the world in lightning speed. The sources of this information in some instances can report the facts only the media believes that people should hear. Right or wrong and in some cases bad information in some cases is spread over the airways via internet, radio, and television. The media will continue running a story over and over the replaying of a story helps to reinforce this information in people’s minds thus helping to shape their opinion on different subject. This paper will discuss media’s reaction regarding the Arab and Muslim Americans since September 11 attacks. This paper will address the historic framework as well as the political content on this issue. My own opinion will be given on certain messages the media was attempting to portray was this coverage a biased or unbiased as well as was this issue sensationalized or objectively portrayed. For this assignment comes a story from the Detroit news titled Always Suspect: Local Arabs and Immigration. After September 11, 2001 became a turning point in the lives of people in America and around the world. Many Americans lost and gave their lives as well as being injured this had a huge effect on...

Words: 1134 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Real Estate Marketing Scenario

...Agency credentials  Media Scenario of 2010 Channel profile p Agency Working process & Planning Process & Tools used NMS findings  Media Planning process Channel performance  Channel reach & share  Peak Vs Off peak analysis Resources/tools to use R / l Market, Industry & data analysis GREY : At a Glance Name Establishment Corporate Address No. of employees Male Female ratio No. of Clients No of Department : GREY Advertising BD Ltd. : 1996 : House # 6, Road 137, Floor 5, Block SE(D), Gulshan 1,  Dhaka – 1212. : 75 :  5:1 :  18 :  6 (Client Service, Media, Creative, Finance, IT & HR)  2 Major Clients acquired by GREY Brac is world s largest Micro Financer Brac is world’s largest Micro Financer The Daily Prothom Alo Th D il P h Al Largest National Newspaper 3 Team Experience Grid Project Media AOR Media AOR Media AOR Media AOR Media AOR Media AOR Client Aktel P&G Reckitt Benckiser Apex GSK Nokia Person Md. Abdullah Al Kafi Yeasin Arafat & Md.  Shah Alam Md. Abdullah Al Kafi & Md. Shah Alam Md. Abdullah Al  Kafi, Md. Ziaunnur Md. Shah Alam Tanvir Yeasin Arafat Role Sr. Media Planner Media Planner Sr. Media Planner Media Planner Sr. Media Planner Media Executive Media Planner Media Planner Activity value  (in BDT) (i ) 550 million 30 million 120 million 80 million 90 million 250 million Expertise Particulars Abdullah Al Kafi Mobile Operator/Handset Development Organizations / NGOs Media relations Strategy, Strategy planning and buying Media Training Media tools development...

Words: 3016 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

9/11 Research Paper

...Other acts of hate toward Arabs and Muslims other than murder, such as physical assaults, verbal harassment, intimidation, attacks on mosques, vandalism, arson, and other property damage, made living in America increasingly difficult. The victims of the backlash of the 9/11 attacks did not have any evidence indicating that they were somehow involved. In 2001, reported data by the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR Program) showed over a 1,600 percent increase from the previous year in Anti-Islamic religion incidents. The number of hate crimes against Muslims decreased but remained higher than before the 9/11 attacks. A suspension of Arab and Muslim American civil rights was enacted when the government decided that ethnic profiling was necessary...

Words: 1111 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Terrorism and the Media

...between terrorism and the news media best understood? Terrorism and the Media co exist in a symbiotic relationship, meaning they both need each other. The media need terrorism to attract viewers and terrorists need media coverage for exposure. Media’s primary purpose is communication. Terrorism is a form of communication that is amplified by the media. Terrorism is outrageous violence that seizes the public’s imagination and awakens its audience to political issues and propaganda that are of importance to the perpetrators. The terrorists have a need to reach a target audience and seek publicity to display their actions and achieve exposure. Without such exposure of the acts, the goals of the terrorist have not been achieved (Lutz & Lutz, 2013 pg. 10). A terrorist act by itself achieves nothing without coverage from the media. In essence media is a terrorist’s best friend, for without the exposure given it is plausible to conceive that terrorism would cease to exist. The progression of technology such as mobile recording devices and hand held cameras has heightened the ability for terrorism to be displayed in a cinematic experience. These functions allow front seat access to world viewers of horrific terrorist acts, training camps, messages of hate or encouragement which are in turn beamed throughout the globe via specific terror home pages or through the various media outlets (Hoskins, 2006 pg. 1). Media exposure and coverage is imperative to terrorists as it...

Words: 687 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

War On Terror Analysis

...Another approach to studying the oppression of Muslim women that the U.S. portrayed in the media to fuel the War on Terror is that the U.S. portrayed Islam as backwards and an uncivilized culture because of women’s oppression. Evelyn Alsultany’s analysis of news broadcast stations like CNN, NBC, and CBS after the 9/11 attacks examined that these news stations portrayed women’s veiled oppression, female genital mutilation, and honour killings as the nature of Islam’s backwardness and oppressiveness. Many media stations like CNN have viewed the invasion of Afghanistan as bringing light to the darkness of oppressed women and when they rid the towns of Taliban, women were depicted as in high heels and free women. The depiction of Muslim women as...

Words: 1475 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Globalisation and the Media

...The media coverage of the September 11 attacks and of the events following have played an important role in the affecting of the publics view about Islam, the war on terror and the Middle East. The media distorts or manipulates information that is being presented to the public. Creating a distorted view of social reality for the individual viewing. Theobald in his article ‘Mystification in the Media: from ‘Ritual Murder’ to the ‘War on Terrorism’ he offers a powerful discussion about the medias portrayal of Islam, the War on Terrorism and the illusion created by modern journalism. Theobald’s in-depth analysis of the medias treatment of Islam, the war on terror and the representation of Muslims exposes the impact of the media on the comities view. Martin and Phelan’s article ‘Representing Islam in the Wake of September 11: A Comparison of US Television and CNN Online Messageboard Discourses’ uses different techniques in their article to show the reader how two different media examples, television and a CNN messageboard present information headed by the word Islam in the immediate aftermath of September 11. Where Martin and Phelan back their arguments with statistics and hard evidence, Theobald develops his argument through in-depth and detailed analysis of important news coverage. Both articles offer an in-depth insight into the medias representation surrounding the September 11 attacks and the war on terrorism. John Theobald’s discusses the issues of mass communication and...

Words: 1720 - Pages: 7

Free Essay

Media Bias

...Media Bias in Reporting Social and Racial Injustices Nakia Dale DeVry University Media Bias in Reporting Social and Racial Injustices June 26, 2015, gay marriage was legalized in all 50 states on the weekend of the annual Pride weekend. There were celebrations everywhere. Celebrities, politicians, and every representative of the LGBTQ community was interviewed. The media covered the opinions of those who supported gay marriage, those that didn’t care about same sex marriages, and those who felt the world was coming to an end because of same sex marriages. There were experts on the new law providing their thoughts and theories on the subject. Rainbows were posted everywhere on social media, cars, and in communities. Pictures of same sex couples getting married were flashed across television screens, newspapers, and websites. Celebrating the beauty of marriage equality was high on many people’s lists, but in the midst of these celebrations, if you had been carefully following the news you were aware of several news stories that immediately stopped getting air time and were no longer considered newsworthy. As a viewer, you may have felt unsatisfied in the coverage of the other stories because the media left you dangling with no ending to the stories we were following. This is all too common when relying on the media for news coverage. Many viewers such as myself rely on the media to inform and educate the country on news that matters. When the same sex marriage topic garnered...

Words: 2484 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

Media's Perception of Terrorism and Influence over the Audience

...Perception of Terrorism and Influence over the Audience By principle, the media should be impartial, unbiased and independent while illustrating their duties. The main aim and task of the media is to give accurate information to the public which should be based on the truth. During times of war the western media has become a place where the opinion of the audience at home is of vital importance to the success and failure of the war being fought against terrorism. In today’s time, the media is the main means of expression through which people receive information on terrorism or any other conflict, which then enlighten us about the unfolding events. Since the western media undisputedly is the most powerful, it has the means to present government actions in a supportive way, expose atrocities on either side and raise issues to the public which assist their governmental agenda. Here the question that comes to mind is whether the western media portrays terrorism, Muslims and Arabs in an accurate aspect. The western media uses certain techniques to depict terrorists in their own view which have had disastrous effects on Arabs as well as Americans all over the world. It is very unfortunate that despite all the recent terrorist attacks, weather they were significant or minor, the media still has not come up with a definitive definition of “terrorism” and “who is a terrorist”. The main issue with western media reporting on terrorism is their flaw of having discrepancies in their news...

Words: 2642 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Media and Terrorism

...News Media and Terrorism: Changing Relationship, Changing Definitions Zohar Kampf Department of Communication Hebrew University In this article I discuss two aspects that are important for understanding the relationship between Western news media and terrorism: the changing representation of terrorists and terrorist attacks in the media, and with it, the changing definition of terrorism. By calling attention to evolving news media practices in times of terrorism, I argue that advanced communication technologies and the emergence of global media ecology since the 1990s has made terrorism more visible in both national and international media landscapes. One consequence is that the more the news media expose terrorism to global audiences via the "front-door", the more controversial the use of the terms terrorism and terrorist become in social, political, and scholarly discourse. The paper addresses the new journalistic practices and their consequences as documented in previous studies on media reporting of terrorism in several national contexts, mostly the UK, the US and Israel. Terrorism, media, and the nation (or, reading about terrorists in the next day's newspaper) Classic definitions of terrorism evolved in a world in which a modernist view reigned supreme. Despite constant debates about how to define the term (Schmid 1983; Schlesinger 1981; Gibbs 1989; Nacos 2007), one conventional definition, at least under U.S. law, characterizing a nationalistic perception...

Words: 5161 - Pages: 21

Free Essay

Broadcast Journalism

...Record of Submission & Plagiarism DeclarationThis assignment is my own work and the sources of information and material I have used (including internet resources) have been identified and acknowledged as required in the referencing guidelines provided. My work may be referred to the JISC / Turnitin Plagiarism Detection Service for checking. The Faculty reserves the right to request an electronic copy of any work where unfair practice is suspected. This assignment, or any part of this assignment, has not been submitted for any other module at the University of Glamorgan unless specifically allowed by the module leader. | First Name…Charlotte…………………………… | | Surname……Brownhill…………………………… | | Date of Birth………22/09/1993………………………. | | I have read, understood and accept the University policies on plagiarism and I hereby certify that this submission is my own work and is consistent with the policies of the University.Signed: …………C.L.Brownhill………………………….. | ------------------------------------------------- Completing the form below confirms that you have read and agreed with the above statement Assignment Cover Sheet All pages of this form must be submitted together with the completed assignment by no later than 4:00 pm on the specified submission date. SECTION A | RECORD OF SUBMISSION | To be Completed by Student Only | | | 1 | Student ID: | 13022296 | | | | | If this is a group assignment, please provide the student numbers of all group...

Words: 2713 - Pages: 11

Free Essay

Gun Control

...Jonathan Schwartz Prof: F, Gomez Eng 1A 11-15-13 The Power of the Media to Shape Our Perceptions and Understanding of Reality on Gun Control Introduction The wake of gun violence in the United States has seen various proposals on how to handle the gun issue. Occasionally, people have woken up to shocking incidences of gun violence on various quarters. Perhaps the most outrageous incidents are the ones that involved shooting of school going children by a fellow student, seemingly unstable, or at least for that moment. It is important to note that in these incidences, the media coverage of the live happenings have always been extensive, giving the perpetrator of such violence a lot of fame. Various segments of the society have reacted to such incidences with diverging and converging opinions on what should be the best way forward. While the Obama administration has been on the forefront proposing stringent measures for the purposes of reducing or eliminating repeat occurrence, Republicans have a different view on how to address the whole matter. Religious groups and civil society have not spoken in one voice although one may deduce that everyone desires some changes in regards to how the whole issue should be addressed. Some of the emerging schools of thought that have come out have to do with logic behind issuance of guns, the ethical and practical implications of the solutions proposed for adoption as policy. Probably the big challenge is that the incidences...

Words: 3957 - Pages: 16